How is the estimate for design work made? Determination of the cost of design and survey work. Estimates R&D An example of estimates for design work on ventilation

Practicing in the field of cost estimation of project and survey work for about 7 years, I made a huge number of conclusions regarding the complexity and imperfection of the pricing system in this area of ​​activity, I will add, an intellectual and expensive area commercial activities design and survey bureaus.

To begin with, the estimate of the cost of design and survey work (hereinafter referred to as the text) is made at a time when there is no project yet, and, perhaps, there is not even a sketch of the future building, structure, linear object, etc. Quite recently, I came across an "album" (a sketch of a future sports complex), in which the area, volume, the presence of built-in premises of the facility, the presence of nearby infrastructure, and 3 pictures of the desired sports complex were reported - it was required to determine the design cost.

Experience prompted - you need, at least, to understand the composition of the volumes being designed. At the moment, the document defining the composition and content project documentation, is an . But this resolution contains only the composition of the volumes of the project, as well as the composition to the content engineering surveys, which in percentage terms can be about 20-25% of the cost of the main design work, the composition and content for the design of external engineering networks: water supply, sewerage, power supply, gas supply, etc. ...

I will not exaggerate, the answer to these questions is (if you ask yourself), it is worse if we simply omit these volumes.

So, in order to determine the composition and content of engineering surveys, it is enough to refer to Methodological manual for determining the cost of engineering surveys for the construction of the Gosstroy of Russia: FSUE PNIIIS Gosstroy of Russia, 2004, which sets out the composition of the necessary surveys - geology, geodesy, ecology, and also provides a list of documents defining the composition of these surveys, what samples and in what quantity must be done in the area under study.

It remains to deal with the design of external engineering networks - the answer is the TECHNICAL TASK (hereinafter referred to as the TOR), in which the customer (sometimes the designer himself) formulated the requirements and a list of necessary for commissioning gas, water, power supply networks, etc., and also necessary technical conditions to connect to these networks (determine the distance to the nearest entry points or generating facilities).

1st stage - initial data, completed!

The second stage, I must admit, is no less difficult - the determination of the cost of the design and survey work!

There are 3 possible methods for calculating the cost of design work and 2 possible methods for calculating the cost of engineering surveys.

Methods for assessing the cost of design work.

Calculation based on natural indicators of the object (NPO)

The 1st method of calculation is based on the natural indicators of the object (hereinafter referred to as NPO) - the area, volume, length of linear objects, productivity for generating facilities, etc., to which in the collections base prices certain indicators of the base price correspond. Today it is the most convenient and reliable method for determining the price of design work. About 250 collections of basic prices for most types of work have been developed. SBC are used for federal budget and municipal budgets subjects of the Russian Federation. For the Moscow region and the Moscow city budget of the State Unitary Enterprise NIAC "Moskomarkhitektury", Moscow regional recommendations, abbreviated as MRR, have been developed, which in mandatory are used when calculating estimates for design and survey work with funding from the Moscow City Budget. More details about this method of calculation can be found in the Methodological Guidelines for Determining the IDP, approved.

Calculation of design and development work based on the cost of construction (OCC)

The second and less convenient method of calculation is the calculation of the cost of design work as a percentage of the cost of construction and installation work, which is not always convenient due to the lack of estimates before design, and it is also not always possible to find an analogue object. There are a number of reference books of analogue facilities and methods for an aggregated determination of the cost of construction, for example: construction price standards (NTS) are included in the Federal Register estimated standards; regional reference book of construction RCC-2014, feasibility study estimate - developed by JSC "Mosstroytseny", etc.

Having determined the cost of construction by any and possible methods, as a percentage of the cost of construction and installation works , reported in Reference books and collections of basic prices, we determine the cost of design and survey work. Again, in more detail in the MU 2010 approved by order of the Ministry regional development dated December 29, 2009 No. 620.

Calculation of the cost of R&D by labor costs

The 3rd method - favorite by the contractor and unloved by the customer - labor costs (hereinafter 3p, why 3p is the form for calculating estimates for labor costs, approved under the form number 3P). With this method, the actual time for the participation of designers in the development of any volume of the project or a structural element of the building of the structure and other types of work that are absent in reference books and collections of base prices is determined. The method is convenient for the designer in connection with the determination of the actual time of participation of specialists in the development of the project by expert means, the performer himself decides who and how long participates in the design. This leads to the cost of designing. More details about this method can be found in the Explanations of Tsentrinvestproekt for 1999.

Determination of the cost of engineering surveys.

The main method for determining the price of engineering surveys is the calculation based on natural indicators, reported in reference books and compilations of base prices for 1991 and 2001. At the moment, for surveys, there are only federal reference books of base prices that are used with any source of funding, but for Moscow money, one should not forget about the city order standard reported in Art.

The 2nd possible method for determining the cost of surveys is labor costs. Here everything is similar to labor costs in design, we determine the actual time of participation of specialized specialists, therefore, we get the price.

Automation of estimated calculations of design and survey work. PIR program

To date, all of the above methods for calculating design and survey work, as well as the mentioned SBC and MRR are contained and automated in, for your information, the federal reference books SBC are included in the system on the basis of a direct agreement with CENTRINVESTproekt. The program allows you to use search engines to select the desired rate, read the necessary methodological documents, as well as unload documentation in any convenient format XLS, PDF, Word ... The program allows you to simplify the task at least in the 3rd in relation to the usual calculation in exel, and also relieve you of the problems of keeping track of the relevance of collections, since on the opposite side of the reference books there are marks - the collection is included, in the register of estimated standards or canceled, and moreover - which reference book came out instead of the canceled one.

How to quickly learn how to calculate the IDP correctly

For those who were interested and useful, this article is recommended to undergo training on ours! In just a few lessons, you will study the methods of calculating design and survey work, learn about the composition and content of design and survey documentation, learn how to work in federal (SBC) and Moscow (MRR) reference books, ask questions about the types of work you are interested in when drawing up cost estimates, study the leading program for calculating estimates, the IDP System, as well as get a certificate of short-term professional development of the standard form established by the state.

Drawing up estimates for design and survey work (D&D) can be attributed to one of the specific types of estimated calculations. The cost of design work is calculated not by collections unit rates, which include TEPs, FERs, and not even at elemental prices (HESNs), i.e. in a sense, they stand apart from general construction, commissioning, repair and other works, estimates for which are developed on the basis of the listed collections. Estimates for design and survey work, as a rule, are calculated according to reference price reference books (SBC) developed for each sector of the economy: gas, utilities, metallurgy, mechanical engineering, etc. When calculating the cost of estimates for design and survey work according to SBC compilations, estimators usually use the formula: (A + B * X) * K, in which the indicators A and B represent the fixed standards specified for each type of design work, the value X is the main quantitative indicator of design (km, pcs. And other units of dimension), K are the conversion factors for the base the cost of design work in the prices of the current period, taking into account possible adjustments. Consider a sample estimate for design and development work, developed on the basis of a price guide for design work for utilities and utilities and facilities with translation from the current prices of the 2nd quarter of 2013 for the Krasnodar Territory.

The calculation of the cost of design work in the example is carried out according to SBC - the official publication of the Ministry of Regional Development, entered in the register of generally accepted estimated standards. In addition, there are a number of other sectoral compilations that, in some cases, can be used to compile estimates for the IDP. Among such collections are SBC "Energy Objects", which includes a methodology for determining the price of design work, price tables for the base year and unit costs for the development of RD (working documentation) by type of construction and installation works related to the power facility. Sample estimate compiled according to the collection "Energy facilities":

In the above examples of drawing up estimates for design work, the cost of building energy and other facilities was indicated in the initial data. Meanwhile, the prices for the construction of complex construction and installation projects are not always known in advance or are controversial. In this case, instead of calculating the cost of building energy facilities, you can use aggregated indicators of their cost, taken from special collections. A sample calculation of estimates for design work using this method demonstrates the need for translation base cost work in the current one in two steps: first, from 2000 to 2001, the cost of construction and installation works is transferred, and then design is transferred to the current period.

Explanations for estimates.

When considering the estimates for the design and development work, fragments of which are placed in the text, they were compiled on the basis of prices from several collections, only a part of which is in the register of commonly used estimated standards. Collections that are not included in the register are practically not used in the preparation of estimates for design work in FER, but quite often they are used to develop estimates for design and survey work in alternative ways that can more accurately take into account the specific conditions and features of the design and survey work.

The format of estimates for design and survey work is established by the Methodology for determining the cost construction products within the territory of Russian Federation MDS 81-35.2004 (clause 4.95, Appendix 2).
Form 1ps is what many organizations call the "Consolidated estimate for design and work planning" or something similar:
Form 2p is the main form of calculation. And form 3p is an estimate of labor costs, we will consider separately:
Since the provisions of the specified IBC are mandatory, regardless of funding sources, estimates for design and survey work are drawn up in the same format both in Moscow at the rates of all kinds of MRR, including for the city order, and outside it at the rates of all kinds of SBC. If a local directory is used, the format of the estimate does not change, well, unless the customer wants to clarify something.

But you can follow the lead of the customer up to certain limits - until you stumble upon a principle. This, of course, does not only apply to estimates.

It is essential that the estimates must necessarily indicate the standards - tables of reference books, paragraphs, links to coefficients, and the calculation formula. The columns in the sample in the form 2n from the MDS can be divided into separate columns - so that enter the values ​​of prices and coefficients, and do not write the formula "by hand". Well, this is for those who make estimates in excel:

(The laid out estimate should be considered as an analogue, and not as a dogma).
It is better to indicate the total cost in estimates in both base and current prices, if the estimate is the only one, and no summary is made - when drawing up the Consolidated estimate of the cost of construction, the estimator will need the cost in base prices, and it will be possible to calculate it directly according to the estimates, or according to the Summary estimate for design and survey work, if it is supplemented by recalculation in base prices. It is worth cultivating a habit. EspeciallyClause 3.24 MDS 81-35.2004 states: "The estimate documentation is drawn up in current level prices. estimate documentation it is allowed to indicate the cost of work in two price levels: in the basic level, determined on the basis of the current estimated norms and prices of 2001; at the current level, determined on the basis of prices prevailing at the time of drawing up the estimate documentation. "
Although the MDS ... and prescribes to draw up estimated calculations accurate to the ruble ("3.26. It is recommended that the calculation results and final data in the estimate documentation be given as follows: in local estimate calculations (estimates), line-by-line and total figures are rounded to whole rubles ... ",do not forget that this is a recommendation, and VAT is calculated from above at a precisely set amount of 18%, with an accuracy of a penny, therefore if you make local estimates for design and survey work with an accuracy of a ruble, you should have values ​​in the summary with an accuracy of a penny - otherwise the total is accurate to a penny will not work:

Where did the 30 kopecks disappear? It's just that the total amount indicated in rubles (first line) is actually 22,500 rubles 30 kopecks.
Since the estimates serve as the basis for determining the cost of work under the Agreement, and, accordingly, the cost of stages, the calculation of the advance payment and others, for which the accounting department is directly responsible, as well as calculations for the work performed, it is not recommended to lose a penny in the consolidated estimates for the design and survey work. However, it is not recommended to lose them in local estimates- the customer will not understand if the totals for the summary do not agree with the totals for the estimates.

Based on many years of experience: a well-made estimate can say a lot about an organization. The form, contract, estimate, cover letters, invoices - must be done beautifully, this is partly an indicator of reliability and self-respect.

It is also important in what format the directories are indicated in the estimates for design work in the form of 2p: the name of the directories is absent in the estimate program, it is indicated by code, which means that the inspector must check with the register or the budget program to find out which of the CBC (MPP) the calculation was made on. It is impossible even theoretically to require knowledge of the register of standards from a person who does not have a surveyor's certificate, and therefore the name of the reference must be indicated in full, although MDS 81-35.2004 prescribes: "4.6. When compiling local estimate calculations (estimates), the prices from the corresponding collections are used, while in each position of the local estimate calculations (estimates) the code of the norm is indicated, consisting of the collection number (two characters), section number (two characters), ordinal the number of the table in this section (three characters) and the ordinal number of the norm in this table (one - two characters) "...

Is it worth it to formally follow the prescription if obviously half of the customer's specialists who are responsible for the correct determination of costs at the stage of project development will negatively react to the estimate for P (I) R, in which the standards are indicated by a code. Try to figure out which of the collections was used to calculate the cost of ITP design, for example, according to SBC "Energy Objects" 1996, SBC "Utilities and Structures" 2012, SBC "Oil Refining Facilities", - in order to determine , you will have to check all the rates.
In the end, who bothers to indicate the name of the SBC in addition to the cipher is a step towards the customer, no more and no less.

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Without using the existing state standards for design, the customer cannot understand the real effective cost of design work in our country, so he will pay a minimum, considering that he has overpaid a lot.

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The estimate for design work (which is also called the estimate for design and survey work - in abbreviated form R&D) refers to specific types of estimate calculations, since the basis for drawing up project estimate are not collections of territorial and federal unit prices (TEPs and FERs) and not elemental prices (HPPNs), but reference books of base prices (SBC collections). Such reference books are developed separately for each industry - mechanical engineering, metallurgy, gas, etc. - and from them are taken the indicators of standards, which, after substitution in the formula, give the value of the cost of work.

The basis for the estimate of the design and development work is SBC - Reference books of basic prices for construction, used with the application of appropriate indexation:

• for design work,
• for engineering surveys.

In calculating the cost of work using the SBC collections, most often, they use the formula in which the following are introduced:

• fixed standards for each type of design work - A, B,
• the main quantitative indicators of design - X, which enter values ​​in various units of dimension: pcs., km, etc.,
• coefficients for converting the original prices (base cost of work) into prices (cost) of the current period.

The formula, which in general looks like (A + B * X) * K, can be illustrated by an example for which SBC is used for design work for utilities and utilities. So, to calculate the cost of design and survey work on outdoor street lighting for lengths in the range from 1000 to 3000 r.m. on the basis of the SBC of utility networks, the following are taken:

1. data from Table 2 with indicators of outdoor lighting on streets, parks, boulevards, squares, driveways, highways in the values ​​of A = 75.97 thousand rubles, B = 0.013 thousand rubles,
2. a conditional quantitative indicator of the length of the street - for example, 2000 p.m.,
3. coefficient Ktc (current prices) of recalculation of the basic cost of 2001 into current prices (in the example - the index for the 2nd quarter of 2013): Ktc = 3.6,
4. coefficient Krd (working documentation) of the share of working documentation in the cost of design work as a whole: Krd = 0.6,
5. coefficient set in the presence of a contact tram network (SBC for utilities, clause 2.2.7): K = 1.05.

With such initial data, the calculation will look like this: (75.97 + 0.013 * 2000) * 3.6 * 0.6 * 1.05 = 231.27 thousand rubles.

In the above example of calculations when making an estimate, the cost of construction was indicated in the initial data. However, often when erecting complex objects, prices are either unknown in advance, or are of an uncertain and controversial nature. In this case, aggregated cost indicators are used, which are also given in special collections. At the same time, the calculation according to this method involves first transferring the basic cost, which is taken according to the indicators of 2000, to the data of 2001, and then, in the second step, to the current period.

The tabular part of Form 2p, which is used to compile estimates for design work, consists of 5 columns (columns).

1. The first column contains serial number works.
2. The second - includes information about the type of work.
3. In the third column, the numbers of tables, parts, sections, items of the CBC are entered, from which the initial data are taken.
4. In the fourth column, a calculation formula is implemented using specific data: numerical indicators and indices (sometimes, to display comprehensive information in the field, both the formula itself and its expression with the substitution of indicators are put out).
5. In the fifth column, the resulting calculation result is entered - the total cost of design and survey work in rubles for this line.

In the upper part of the document (in its "header"), in addition to indicating the number of the contract to which the estimate is attached, and the names of the designer and the customer, a list of used collections of Reference Price References is sometimes given, but, as can be seen from the example, this is not necessary, since the same information on points is contained in the 3rd column. At the bottom of the table are the total estimates and the total estimated amount.

Methodical instructions when using SBC

V Methodical instructions on the application of SBC, approved by the Ministry of Regional Development, a number of clarifications and recommendations for the preparation of calculations were made. In particular, it defines the procedure for calculating the cost of design work in the presence of additional factors. Among them, the use of additional coefficients in the event that:

• in Reference books when developing a design and working documents there are no increasing coefficients by the prototyping method - here the indices 1.05 and 1.1 are applicable for design and working documents, respectively,
• reused or standard documentation is used in the absence of changes in the aboveground part - here the prices of the Directories are multiplied by coefficients in the range of 0.2-0.35,
• reused or standard documentation is also used, but with the introduction of changes in the aboveground and underground parts - here the coefficient on the price of the Directories reaches 0.8,
• the price of design development for the construction of unique objects is determined - in this situation, a multiplying coefficient of 1.5 is applied, etc.

In addition, among the factors that additionally affect the calculation of the cost of project development, the following are mentioned:

• The absence in the region on the territory of which the construction is taking place, a centralized databank created for the current cost of resources (in the case of compilation by the resource method). This becomes a condition for the introduction of a multiplying factor of 1.1.
• Complex building conditions that increase the complexity of design: subsidence, permafrost soils, landslides, mine workings under construction sites and others (increasing coefficient - 1.15), seismicity depending on the points (up to a coefficient of 1.3 at 9 points).
• Installation of imported technological equipment, which makes it possible to apply (as agreed with the customer) a coefficient of up to 1.3.
• Acting as a general designer and supervisor of design work, which increases the development cost up to 2%.