Explanatory note for a two-story cottage with a basement. An example of an explanatory note to the project of a low-life residential building

"> MINISTRY OF BRANCH OF RUSSIA

"> Federal State Budgetary Educational

"> institution of higher professional education

">" Izhevsk State Technical University "

"> named after M.T. Kalashnikov

"> Votkinsk branch

"> (VF FSBEI HPE" ISTU named after M.T. Kalashnikov ")

"> Department:" Technical Mechanics "

"> Specialty:" Industrial and civil

"> construction"> "

Explanatory note

for the implementation of architectural and constructive

course project of a residential building.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> for the course:" Architecture of civil and industrial buildings "

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> on the topic:" two-storey residential building in the city of Izhevsk "

">
CONTENT

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 1 BUILDING AREA 3

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 2 VOLUME-PLANNING SOLUTION 4

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 3 VOLUME-PLANNING INDICATORS 5

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4 CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS 6

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.1 Foundations 6

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.2 Walls 7

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> Thermal calculation 8

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.3 Internal walls and partitions 10

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.4 Overlapping 11

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.5 Floors 12

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.6 Roof, roof 13

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.7 Ladders 14

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 4.8 Windows and doors 15

"> 4.9 Jumpers …………………… ...; background: #ffffff "> ………………">……………………… 16

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - "> 5 SPECIFICATION OF ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS ……………………………… .18

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 6 EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR FINISH 20

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 7 ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT 22

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> REFERENCES 23

">

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 1. CONSTRUCTION AREA

"> The city of Izhevsk was adopted for the design,

"> The climatic region is moderately continental.

"> In accordance with SNiP 23 -01" Construction climatology ",

"> the following data have been accepted for design:

"> - outdoor temperature of a colder five-day period -34; vertical-align: super "> 0"> "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> C

"> -number of days heated in a year 222

"> The residential building is intended for construction on non-subsiding soils.

"> Placement of a construction site in a residential area.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 2. VOLUME-PLANNING SOLUTION

"> The building has a simple rectangular shape, designed without a basement. planning solution class of the building"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> III">, the degree of durability -"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> II">, degree of fire resistance -"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> III">.

"> Designed by:

"> - the height of the 1st and 2nd floors -; color: # 000000 "> 2.7"> m;

"> - the height of the entire building -; color: # 000000 "> 9.9 m">;

"> - dimensions in axes -; color: # 000000 "> 14.4 "> m (1–2) and 12.3 m (A-D).

"> Plumbing - utility and drinking from the external network.

"> Hot water supply - domestic and drinking water from the external network.

"> Sewerage - city centralized.

"> Heating - centralized.

"> Natural ventilation, through the exhaust ducts of the kitchen, bathroom.

"> Power supply from the 220V network, lighting - incandescent lamps.

"> Gas supply from the external network.

"> Communication device - radio, television, telephony, Internet.

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3. VOLUME-PLANNING INDICATORS

"> Total area - 322.29 m; vertical-align: super "> 2">.

">Living space- 179, 63 m; vertical-align: super "> 2">.

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4. CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4.1 Foundations and plinths

"> The foundation is calculated and designed in accordance with SNiP 2.02.01-83" Foundations of buildings and structures. "

"> The foundation is made of blocks: FL 24.12, FL 8.12, FL 24.10, FL 12.10, FL 8.10.

"> The monolith is made of concrete grade B 15. A horizontal waterproofing is arranged on top of the monolith and on top of it is a cement-sand screed 30 mm thick, into which a reinforcing mesh is laid, which leads to a more even distribution of the load from the overlying blocks and structures. The diameter of the mesh rods is 6 mm Step - 30 cm After the completion of the cement screed, the foundation pit is filled up to the top of the mounted reinforced concrete foundation pads.

"> The purpose of the waterproofing layer is to exclude the migration of capillary soil and atmospheric moisture up the wall. The width of the foundation blocks for the outer walls is 600 mm, for the inner ones - 400 mm.

"> The depth of the foundation is 2.8 m, which exceeds the depth of soil freezing, which in this construction area is 2.63 m.

"> Around the entire perimeter of the building, an asphalt concrete blind area 1000 mm wide with a slope of 30; vertical-align: super "> 0 ">. It is designed to protect the foundation from rain and melt water penetrating into the ground near the walls of the building.

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4.2 Walls

"> When erecting the walls of a building, hand masonry is used with horizontal and vertical dressing of the seams. interior walls solid ceramic bricks are used.

"> The walls are laid on a cement-sand mortar. The thickness of the outer walls is determined on the basis of a heat engineering calculation.

"> Outside and inside the walls are plastered with a cement-sand mortar. The thickness of the outer (decorative) layer of plaster is 15 mm, the inner layer is 20 mm. Outside, a colored whitewash is carried out along the layer of plaster. This is necessary to improve the appearance of the building.

"> Brick walls must simultaneously provide strong and thermal properties. According to the change in SNiP 11-3-79, construction heating equipment to increase the resistance to heat transfer of enclosing structures, the project provides for multi-layer heat-efficient brick walls - 640 mm thick. Internal and external walls are made of brick of grade K"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> O"> -75/25 GOST 530-95 on cement-sand mortar grade 50. Horizontal seams are made 12mm wide, vertical 10mm thick. To give increased strength to brickwork, horizontal seams are reinforced. Masonry meshes are made of reinforcement with a diameter of 5Br1 with a cell of 50mm. B as insulation with a thickness of 120 mm, expanded polystyrene with a bulk density of 150 kg / m is used; vertical-align: super "> 3 "> GOST 15588-86 with gluing vertical and horizontal seams with self-adhesive tape, which is attached to the internal load-bearing wall with anchors.

"> Window openings in the walls are designed with quarters on the sides and on top. Above the window and door openings, reinforced concrete lintels... They transfer the load from overlying structures to walls or piers.

">

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> Thermal calculation; font-family: "Times New Roman" ">.

"> Developed on the basis of SNiP"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> II"> -3-79 * construction heat engineering; SNiP 2.01.01-82 construction climatology and geophysics.

"> The course project provides for the heat-efficient laying of the outer walls.

"> The building envelope consists of 4 layers:

1. "> Plaster on lime-sand mortar:"> 1600 kg / m; vertical-align: super"> 3 ">, 20 mm thick.
2. "> Brickwork from ceramic bricks of the K-075/25 brand. GOST 530-95 on a cement-sand mortar"> 1800 kg / m; vertical-align: super"> 3 ">, 380 mm thick.
3. "> Expanded polystyrene (insulation):"> 150 kg / m; vertical-align: super"> 3 ">.
4. "> Outside verst made of ceramic bricks, grade K-075/25 GOST 530-95:"> 1500 kg / m; vertical-align: super"> 3 ">, 120 mm thick.

"> Operating conditions:

"> The enclosing structures are operated in a dry zone of humidity A, the humidity regime of the room is normal.

"xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> n"> =1,

"xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> t; vertical-align: sub "> in "> = + 18С - design temperature of the internal air.

"xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> t; vertical-align: sub "> n "> - -34C is the estimated winter temperature of the outside air for the coldest five-day period, with a security of 0.92.

"xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> t; vertical-align: sub "> n "> = 4,0С - standardized temperature difference.

; vertical-align: sub "> in"> = 8.7 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2 "> * С) is the heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the enclosing structures.

"> GSPN - degree per day of the heating period.

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> z; vertical-align: sub "> from.p"> = 222 days, "xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> t; vertical-align: sub "> from.p"> = -10.1С

; vertical-align: sub "> n"> = 23 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2"> * С); vertical-align: sub "> "> Is the heat transfer coefficient for the winter conditions of the outer surface of the enclosing structures.

; vertical-align: sub "> 1,"> = 0.873 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2 "> * C) - cement-lime plaster

; vertical-align: sub "> 2"> = 0.64 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2 "> * C) - brickwork

; vertical-align: sub "> ut"> = 0.042 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2 "> * С) - PSB-S-25F polystyrene plate

"> 1) Determine the GSOP - the degree per day of the heating period

"> GSOP = ( "xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> t; vertical-align: sub "> to"> - "xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> t; vertical-align: sub "> from.p">) * "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> z; vertical-align: sub "> from.p

"> GSOP = (+ 18 - (- 10.1)) * 222 = 6238 ("xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> C">* "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> c"> ut);

"> 2) The required heat transfer resistance is determined by the formula:

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: super "> tr"> = 0.00035 GSOP +1.4 (m; vertical-align: super "> 2"> * С / W);

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: super "> tr"> = 3.58 (m; vertical-align: super "> 2"> * С / W);

"> 3) Determine the required insulation thickness:

"xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 0; vertical-align: super"> pr "> = (1 /; vertical-align: sub"> in ">) + "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 1"> + "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 2"> + (1 /; vertical-align: sub "> n">)

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R">= "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> G"> /, where

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 1"> = 0.02 m / 0.81 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2"> * С) = 0.024 (m; vertical-align: super "> 2 "> * С / W);

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 2"> = 0.5 m / 0.64 (W / m; vertical-align: super "> 2"> * С) = 0.78 (m; vertical-align: super "> 2"> * С / W);

"xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 0; vertical-align: super"> pr "> = (1 / "xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> 8.7">)+ "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 1"> + "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 2"> + (1 / "xml: lang =" de-DE "lang =" de-DE "> 23">) = 0.96 (m; vertical-align: super"> 2 "> * С / W);

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> ΔR"> = "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 0; vertical-align: super"> tr "> - "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R; vertical-align: sub "> 0; vertical-align: super"> pr "> = 3.58 - 0.96 = 2.6 (m; vertical-align: super"> 2 "> * С / W) ;

"xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> r"> = 0,92

">δ = (Δ "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> R">* "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> λ">)/ "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US "> r"> = 0.042 * 2.6 / 0.92 = 0.1196m ~ 120mm

Wall thickness = 640mm.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4.3 Interior walls and partitions

Internal load-bearing walls and partitions are designed in the form of brickwork with 380 mm thick seam bandaging, partitions are 120 mm thick, for bathrooms 65 mm. The slabs rest on the internal load-bearing walls and they separate the rooms. Ceramic bricks are used for masonry walls and partitions. When installing brick partitions on the floors of the first floor, it is necessary to perform waterproofing and "concrete".

A layer of plaster with a thickness of 20 mm is applied to the surface of the internal walls and partitions of the building.

The structures of these walls and partitions meet the regulatory requirements for strength, stability, fire resistance, and sound insulation.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4.4 Overlays

Slabs are horizontal load-bearing and enclosing structures that divide buildings into floors and receive loads from their own weight, the weight of vertical enclosing structures, stairs, as well as from the weight of interior items, equipment and people on them. These loads are transferred from the floors to the load-bearing walls of the building.

In this building, the floor is designed, consisting of hollow-core reinforced concrete slabs. On the walls, ceilings are laid from the inner edge of the wall by 180 mm.

Weld the slabs to the embedded L-shaped anchors (10 A-1), which are laid in the seams between the slabs and rest on the walls. Reinforced concrete floor slabs with round holes are laid on brick walls with a minimum bearing depth of 90 mm. Before laying the slabs on the brick walls, a cement-sand mortar screed is produced and the slabs are laid on a layer of freshly laid cement mortar. Slabs are connected to brickwork using L-shaped anchors. One side of the anchor is laid on the brickwork, the other is welded to the mounting loop of the slab. Every second floor slab is fastened with anchors, between each other the slabs are fastened with wire twists made of 6 mm reinforcement, 1200 mm long. All connecting metal elements should be covered with an anti-corrosion compound and sealed with a cement-sand mortar.

Ceilings provide sound and thermal insulation, they also meet high requirements for rigidity and bending strength.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" ">
4.5 Floors

Floors are structures that are constantly exposed to mechanical stress. Floors on interfloor ceilings must have sound insulation properties. In the sanitary unit, the flooring is made of ceramic tiles.

Depending on the purpose of the premises and their location on the floors, the following floor designs are used:

In the rooms, the floors are adjacent to the walls. To ensure that there are no gaps between the floor and the walls, wooden plinths are nailed along the entire perimeter of the room. In rooms where the floor surface is ceramic tiles, a skirting board made of shaped ceramic tiles is used.

1. 
   ; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> Roof

The designed inclined rafters rest on the external load-bearing walls, on which a rafter beam (Mauerlat) with a section of 50x50 is fixed. The rafter legs are designed in the form of two boards having cross-sectional dimensions of 50 180. To reduce the deflection of the rafters under the influence of the weight of the roof structure, struts and vertical posts are provided. In the upper part of the roof structure, the rafters are connected to each other by means of a double-sided wooden lining. The rafters on one side abut the Mauerlat, located on the outer wall with coordination axis 1, and the other side rests on a wooden post. To the end of the rafter legs are fastened filly sizes in section 50 120, length 1200 mm.

"> Since wooden roof elements operate in a humid and flammable environment, they must be treated with antiseptics and fire retardants. Wooden roof elements are made of sawn softwood of the 1st and 2nd categories, with a moisture content of no more than 25%.

In places where the truss system of the brickwork is supported, protection from roofing material is performed. Each rafter leg is fastened to the brickwork by twisting 2 4 through the brush laid in the brickwork. The ruff is made from reinforcement 10L 150, all connections of the rafter system are made on nails.

The roof is designed from metal tiles. Sheets are stacked on a crate made of boards with a cross section of 50x100 mm with a pitch of 370 mm. The sheets are overlapped by 100 mm in length and half a wave in width. Fastening with nails is carried out only along the crests of the waves, in order to avoid breaking the roofing material. Holes for fasteners are pre-drilled.

The drain is unorganized, since the height of the building is low and there will be no significant wetting of the walls.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4.7 Ladders

Stairs are intended for communication between rooms located on different floors.

The staircase is located in the hallway and is designed as a monolithic reinforced concrete double-flight staircase, with two platforms. The staircase has a railing with a height of 700 mm. The width of the steps is 300 mm, the height of all steps is 150 mm. The march width is 1050 mm.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4.8 Windows and doors

The windows in the building are designed with triple glazing. The triple-glazed window units have two opening sashes: a single glazing and a double-glazed unit of two double sashes. The thickness of the window blocks is 140 mm, which gives the right to judge about their sufficient heat and sound insulation. Double-leaf windows are provided. The frames in the windows are wooden. In the window openings, plastic window slabs and galvanized steel drains are also installed. Since there are quarters in the window openings, the window blocks rest against them during installation, slopes are made of cement-sand mortar.

"> The doors in the building are designed as single-floor glazed, double-glazed doors. Doors are standard (GOST 24698-81, GOST 66.29-88).

"> Explication of openings

; font-family: "Times New Roman" ">
; font-family: "Times New Roman" ">; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> 4.9 Jumpers

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"> Jumper list

"xml: lang =" - none- "lang =" - none - ">
5. SPECIFICATION OF ASSEMBLY ELEMENTS

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6. EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR FINISH

The project provides for the decoration of the external walls in the idea of ​​15 mm thick decorative plaster, which is covered with a layer of colored whitewash.

Windows and external doors of the building are painted with water-repellent enamel.

Surface finishing of internal walls and partitions consists in their plastering with cement-sand mortar with a layer of 20 mm thick. The surface of the plaster can be covered with paper wallpaper or liquid wallpaper can be applied, decorative plastering (with giving various shapes) and colored whitewashing of the surfaces of walls and partitions is also possible. In bathrooms and bathrooms, the surface of the walls, as well as the floors, is finished with ceramic tiles. It serves as a waterproofing wall, which is necessary due to the high humidity in this room, and is easy to clean, which allows you to maintain the hygiene of the bathroom.

Interior finishing defines the interior of the building and can be made in various styles, depending on the wishes of the customer. Moreover, it is possible to change it during the operation of a residential building.

">

"> List of finishing of premises.

; font-family: "Times New Roman" "> ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT

The building is supplied with electricity from the general power grid. The electrical wiring in the designed building is carried out before plastering the internal walls and partitions and is attached with the help of special fasteners to the building structures. If necessary, holes are drilled for electrical wires in walls and ceilings.

The building's sewerage system is connected to the central city sewerage network.

Water supply is carried out from a common water supply. Water is supplied in the kitchen to the mixer and in the bathroom to the mixer and the cistern.

Gas is supplied from an external gas network.

The heating system of the building consists of pipes and radiators through which heating water circulates from the centralized heating system.

"> Literature:

"> 1. Construction climatology and geophysics: SNiP 2.01.01.-82.M., 1983.136s.

"> 2. Construction heat engineering: SNiP 11-3-79.M., 1979.-32s.

"> 3. Loads and impacts: SNiP 2.01.07-85. M., 1986.-36s.

"> 4. Foundations of buildings and structures: SNiP 2.02.01-83.M., 1985.-40s.

">5. "xml: lang =" en-US "lang =" en-US ">"> Floors: SNiP 2.03.13-88.M., 1988.-17s.

"> 6. GOST 11214-86" Wooden double glazed windows and balcony doors for residential and public buildings ".

"> 7. GOST 6629-88 Wooden internal doors for residential and public buildings."

1. "> GOST 948-84" Jumpers ";

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> Sheet

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> Doc. no.

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> Subp.

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> Date

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> Change.

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> Sheet

; font-family: "GOST type B" "> КР-198108/09

File format: AutoCAD, Word, dwg, doc
Number of drawings: 10

Two-storey manor house with a basement

The two-storey residential building is intended for construction in areas remote from the city center. The layout includes: garage, vestibule, hall, kitchen, dining room, living room, bathroom, pool, shower room, sauna, terrace, porch, cold room, staircase, study, bedrooms, French balcony. The building is oriented to the cardinal points so that the necessary thermal insulation and insolation is provided. Dimensions of the building along the axes: length - 21.9 m; width - 12.64 m; height - 10.92 m; floor height - 3.2 m; building area - 276.8 sq.

In this project, a belt monolithic foundation, which consists of a monolithic foundation cushion and a monolithic basement wall 600 m thick. The cushions are 300 mm thick. This building has a basement. The base / plinth height is 1550 mm. The plinth is faced with natural stone. Taking into account the depth of soil freezing in the city of 600mm, the depth of the foundation is 1950mm.

The outer walls of the building are designed from red brick M-100 with insulation made from a rigid mineral wool slab and faced with red facing bricks. The partitions are made of plasterboard.

The building has a monolithic ceiling - 200 mm. Made of B-25 grade concrete.

Roof covering - metal. Sheet thickness 0.45-0.95 mm; length 0.84-8 m; wave step 0.35 m; A crate is provided for fastening the cover. The roof is made of inclined planes. The attic in this project is not intended to be residential. The shape chosen for the roof is complex, multi-slope.

The windows are made of a metal-plastic frame. By the way of opening and constructive decision single and double-leaf windows are adopted.

Outside, brick walls are plastered and revetted with natural stone, over the area of ​​the basement. The rest of the facade is painted with special paint.

Content:
Introduction.
1. Architectural part.
1.1 Initial data.
1.2 Description of the master plan.
1.3 Space-planning solution.
1.4 Finish
2. Constructive part.
2.1 Structural diagram of the projected building.
2.2 Foundation.
2.3 The walls of the basement.
2.4 External walls.
2.5 Overlapping on wooden beams.
2.6 Ladders.
2.7 Partitions.
2.8 Doors.
2.9 Windows.
2.10 Floors.
2.11 Pillars.
2.12 Roof.
2.13 Roof.
2.14 Terrace.
2.15 Porch.
2.16 Stained-glass windows.
3. Engineering equipment
4. Literature

Introduction.
Architecture has existed for almost as long as human society. Along with the change in society, architecture developed and changed, experiencing both periods of rise and periods of decline. In solving these problems, a responsible role belongs to designers, including architects and their assistants - architectural technicians.
The current SNiPs regulate the requirements for modern dwellings and establish: settlement methods, principles of planning settlements, types of houses in housing construction; sanitary and hygienic standards, taking into account the everyday and climatic characteristics of the construction areas; technical conditions for the design and construction of the building, ensuring the use of modern progressive construction methods and its efficiency.
During the times in the USSR, only certain norms for the area of ​​housing were approved, which were issued from 9 to 15 m per person. In this case, the low-rise building was called an apartment building with side-by-side plots (estate type), but they were applied as rules in rural and settlement construction. Houses of this type have become widespread in urban-type settlements. Along with wide construction multi-storey buildings many low-rise buildings are being built in our country. Low-rise construction in such settlements corresponds to the life of the population and is expedient, despite the fact that with a decrease in building density, the length of engineering communications, area of ​​improvement, etc.
This expediency is explained by the fact that in low-rise construction it is possible to use simple lightweight structures, cheap local Construction Materials, wood is used in forest areas, here it is possible to use simplified systems of engineering equipment, in addition, simple and cheap means of mechanization are used in low-rise construction.
In modern construction practice, several types of residential are used low-rise buildings, the choice of which depends on the specific conditions: one-apartment, two-apartment (coupled), four-apartment, multi-apartment blocked.
A characteristic feature of low-rise buildings of all types is the presence of individual near-apartment plots.
Layout of apartments in low-rise buildings different types must meet all requirements and conditions.
The apartment of a low-rise building is connected to the plot. This makes it necessary in most cases to make two entrances to the house - one from the side of the street, the other from the side of the site. The first is usually done through the front hall, the second through the kitchen.
The house is equipped with covered and covered terraces, verandas, loggias, balconies used in the warm season as additional living space and recreation. In climatic regions III and IV, the arrangement of such summer rooms is mandatory.
Since, due to the cold climate, except for IV, it is necessary to provide an internal vestibule or cold canopy at the entrance to the house.
Peculiarities of the village type require a device for storing clothes and food.

1 Architectural part.
1.1 Initial data
The site is located on the outskirts of Moscow in cottage village, not far
from the city. Plot - 20 acres. In the plan - a rectangle 40x50m. There is a street to the south of the site.
The relief is calm, it goes down towards the south. Average temperature January-5; -14
July 24; 28
The amount of precipitation is 600-1000 mm. Wind conditions of 5 m / s or more. Prevailing winds S-3 Snow load 100 kg / m. Loam soil. Freezing depth 1.5 m. Groundwater 5-6 m. Vegetation - coniferous and deciduous trees, tree and shrub vegetation as a hedge. The house is designed for a family of 3 people. The lifestyle of the inhabitants is modern and dynamic. This is taken into account when designing the site. The head of the family is the head of a construction company, his wife is an architect, a creative person, she is engaged in painting and photography. One child 10 years old.
1.2 General layout
The site plan will stretch from the north to the south, and the street runs to the south. From the northeast, the site is surrounded by a forest, and from the west, it borders on another site. The plot in the plan is in the form of a rectangle, because all buildings are in regular construction, arranged along the red line. The building meets all sanitary and hygienic requirements.
The building is 15 m away from the road, 10 m from the neighboring site.
The size of the plot is 40x50 m.
The entrance is oriented from south to north.
Wind rose N-B.
The house is the "artistic center" of the entire master plan. According to the project, all zones are located around the house. In the southeastern part of the site there is a garden. Planting trees is chaotic. Garage to the southwest of the house, outbuildings to the northwest and northeast.
Economic zone located behind the house so that it cannot be seen at the entrance to the site. The economic zone includes a bathhouse and a vegetable garden.
The outdoor joint recreation area is located near the house, as a natural continuation of the living space - paved areas, a gazebo, elements of park architecture with small decorative forms. The gazebo overlooks the pool and sunbathing area.
Regular garden - trimmed lawns framed by a border, flower beds, trimmed hedges. A combined style of planting is used here: they are more regular near the house, then they turn into a natural landscaped garden. Large trees are structured plantings, tall trees look perfect against well-tended, mowed lawns with lush grass. They are placed in groups and singly.
The house is two-storey, with a pitched roof made of galvanized steel with a slope of 5%. Vertical communication with ladders (two-flight). According to the planning decision, the entire house can be conditionally divided into zones: general family use, individual use, economic.
The family-wide (public) area includes an entrance hall - an entrance hall, a living-dining room, a kitchen, a guest room, a guest bathroom, a utility room, a cloakroom, a gym, a recreation room, and a dressing room. Zone for individual use: sleeping rooms, bathrooms, playroom, music room, office, workshop.
Entrance part.
In the climatic zone of central Russia, the entrance to the house is through a vestibule with the doors opening outward (a double door with a 700 mm leaf). The size of the vestibule is 3.3 m. The entrance part consists of a wardrobe and a hall with a staircase. The main direction is towards the living room, which is explained by the presence of a large hall.
The living room is visually separated from the hall by a staircase and an arch. The living room is a well-lit space, thanks to three windows and access to the winter garden. The living room contains the necessary furniture for relaxing and receiving guests. The winter garden is on the ground floor. The winter garden is an integral part of the house, especially during the summer period: it can serve as a dining room, a recreation area, and an area for receiving guests. The kitchen has all the necessary equipment. Work zone located along the walls.
The guest bedroom is designed for two people, equipped with an exit to the guest bathroom.
Second floor.
- the master bedroom has a large double bed, wardrobe and dressing table. The bedroom has soft and calm lighting.
- the children's bedroom has a bed, a wardrobe and an entrance to the playroom.
Each bedroom has a bathroom. Also on the second floor are the parents' office, the library and the music room. The cabinet is divided into 2 parts. One part is for the wife's work, the other is for the husband. The office can be used for holding the most important business meetings. It has good natural light.
Basement.
There are premises for rest and household needs (boiler room, bathroom, laundry room, ironing room, workshop, gym, recreation room, changing room).
1.4 Finish
Interior decoration.
The interior is decorated with a combination of natural wood and ceramic tiles. The floors of the vestibule, utility rooms, bathrooms, kitchen and dressing room are finished with ceramic tiles. There is parquet board in the hall, living room, parental bedroom, library. The guest bedroom is carpeted. Plank floors - in the winter garden. The walls of the bedrooms are covered with wallpaper. The working area of ​​the kitchen and the walls of the bathrooms are finished with ceramic tiles.
The rest of the walls are painted. The ceiling on the first floor is lined with planks, on the second floor there is a suspended ceiling. The interior doors are wooden, the door to the winter garden is glazed. Entrance doors - with alarm system. Wooden staircase with impregnation.
External finishing.
The plinth is faced with natural stone. Walls - 530mm plastered brick with insulation. Doors and other elements of the facade are covered with Pinotex paint that preserves the structure of the tree. The roof is covered with galvanized steel.

2 Constructive part
2.1 Structural diagram of the building.
Structural diagram of a building with longitudinal walls. The spatial rigidity and stability of the building is ensured by the joint work of foundations, longitudinal load-bearing walls and floors, and columns.
2.2. Foundation plan
Foundation type - prefabricated strip.
For internal columns - 400x400 monolith with 800x800 cushion. For the winter garden - 400x400.
Bearing walls: foundation grade FBS 5-6; FBS 5-6-12.
Foundation depth - where there is no basement floor -2.600
Where there is ground floor-3.200 See foundation plan.
2.3. Basement walls.
The walls are made of concrete (FBS) with a thickness of 500 mm. Vertical coating waterproofing (since the level groundwater at elevation 5.5m. See the cut along the wall.
2.4. Walls
Exterior made of bricks with slab insulation, 530mm thick, 6-row lightweight masonry, plastered on the outside and painted in pale yellow. Internal - partitions made of bricks, 120mm thick, plastered and covered with wallpaper and tiled.
2.5. Overlapping
Floor slabs on wooden beams, section 100x100mm. With a step of 1000 mm, 900 mm, 800 mm. See floor plan.
2.6 Ladders

2.6 Ladders
Floor height: basement Z.1m, first 3.4m, second 3.6m. Stringed stairs. In the house there are two-flight steps, the size of the steps is 300x150mm, the wooden stringer is 50x200mm. The staircase beam is 200x200mm, step boards are 20m thick. Fences 1050mm high. The staircase of the entrance area is stringer, the size of the step is 300x150mm.
2.7 Partitions
Brick, 120mm thick.
2.8 Doors




2.9. Window

2.10. Floors

2.11 Pillars (columns)

2.7 Partitions
Brick, 120mm thick.
2.8 Doors
All internal doors are 2100 mm high.
The entrance door is a 600mm double paneled door with glazing.
In the winter garden, there is a double-floor 600 mm. Interior doors - 800mm single-floor panel boards.
Sanitary nodal doors - single-floor 700 mm.
2.9. Window
Double glazed windows with wooden frames, 1500x1800mm, 2500x1800mm, 800x1800mm.
2.10. Floors
The floors are wooden planks with different finishes, see point 1.4, basement - on the ground. See the cut along the wall.
2.11 Pillars (columns)
Brick columns 380x380mm. See plans.
2.12. Roof.
Slanted wooden rafters with a pitch of 1000 mm, 900 mm, 800 mm with a section of 100x200 mm. See the plan of the rafters and the section along the wall.
2.13. ROOF.
Galvanized steel, on the crate 50x50mm, with a step of 300mm.
2.14. Winter Garden.
With a plank flooring made of grooved boards, section 120x30mm.
2.15. PORCH.
Steps 150x300, fences 1050mm on posts 50x50mm, With platform 1200x2200mm.

3. Engineering equipment
Heating
Combined.
Water supply
Urban type
Sewerage
The sewerage system is connected to the city sewer.
Power supply
Electricity supply from the city network.
Telephone
Connected to the city automatic telephone exchange.
TV
Connected to the city cable TV.

Literature:
1 . Buga P.B. Civil, industrial and agricultural buildings 1987
2. Shereshevsky IA Constructions of civil buildings. 2003 r.
3. F.I. Blagoveshchensky, E.F. Bukina Architectural constructions 1985
4. Synopsis on the construction of buildings and structures.
5. Synopsis on ergonomics and equipment design.

Any architectural and construction project consists of three parts: architectural, design and engineering. This is a document without which the developer will not receive permission to start construction.

The main part of the project is the architectural and design sections. If the customer is sure that there are intelligent specialists in engineering networks in the construction team, then the development of this part of the project in a specialized company can be abandoned. But you need to understand that the architect, designer and engineer are working on the project together and such moments as, for example, grooves and openings in the walls for laying pipes and wires, are provided by them in advance.

The engineering part of the project is divided into several parts

• Water supply and sewerage (VK)

1. water supply scheme
2. sewerage scheme
3. general form systems.

Before proceeding with the design, it is necessary to decide what kind of communication will be - individual or connected to a centralized system.

Individual water supply gives complete independence from external conditions. But you must remember that you will need own sources water, and drilling a well will cost a decent amount.

Connecting to a centralized system will require project development in accordance with technical conditions existing network and obtaining permission to tie-in.

When connecting the sewage system to a centralized system, the procedure is the same as when connecting the water supply: filling out a request to the relevant services, developing a project, obtaining permission to insert into the system. If you decide to organize an individual sewer system, then from time to time you will have to invite a sewer service.

• Heating and ventilation (RH)

1. heating scheme: calculation of the required power of equipment, distribution schemes of heating mains, location of pipes and radiators
2. ventilation scheme: connection to power electrical equipment, ventilation communications and shafts, gangways and, if necessary, the location of stoves and fireplaces
3. boiler piping (if necessary)
4. general guidelines and section recommendations.

If the ventilation system is always an individual design, then heating can be either individual (stove, air, water, electric) or connected to centralized networks.

• Power supply (ETR)

1. lighting layout
2. distribution of power networks
3. ASU scheme
4. grounding system
5. detailed description and characteristics of all elements of the system.

Electrical systems can be categorized as mandatory and optional. The obligatory ones include indoor and outdoor lighting, ventilation, air conditioning and electric heating systems. Additional systems include "Warm floor" or automated gate control.

IMPORTANT

• Each of the parts of the engineering section of the project should contain a general and technical descriptions, specification of materials and necessary equipment.
• Drawings of elements of all systems and floor electrical wiring are carried out on a scale of 1: 100.

Price: from 100 rubles. per m²

Package "Engineering networks"

The project of utilities will make it possible to competently lay communications and make the house truly comfortable and modern.

• Price: from 100 rubles. per m²

Making changes to the project

Often the question arises before the customer: to choose typical project at home and save money, while losing on the originality of future housing, or order an individual project, but for a lot of money.

Our company offers a compromise option. You order a standard project, and we make changes to it, taking into account all your wishes as much as possible. Of course this assumes additional expenses, but, in any case, such a project will cost much less than work for a specific order. And we will take care of making your house look original.

You can make the following changes to the house project:

move wall partitions. But only if they are not carriers. Such an operation will allow you to change the size and purpose of the rooms.

the transfer of window and door openings will allow you to change the illumination of rooms and organize convenient access to the rooms you need

changing the type of floors and walls will allow you to fully realize your own ideas about economical and rational housing

change the height of the ceilings. Although all our houses are designed with an optimal room height of 2.8 m, some customers believe that high ceilings are additional coziness and comfort.

converting the attic into a living space will give you the opportunity to expand your own living space

it is worth changing the angle of inclination of the roof and sheds taking into account the climatic conditions of a particular region

it is necessary to change the type of foundation, taking into account the engineering and geological parameters of the soil. It is also possible to add or change a basement or basement.

you can add, remove, change a garage or a terrace, in accordance with your ideas about the functionality of housing

changes in the structural composition, building and finishing materials will allow you to economically dispose of your own financial resources

the project in a mirror image will organically fit the house into the surrounding landscape.

The changes made should not affect the safety of the home.

Too much a large number of changes usually do not improve the design. If you could not choose a suitable house in the catalogs, then it may be worth ordering an individual project housing from an architect.

Price: from 2000 rubles.

Making changes to the project

A house built according to a standard design may look original

• Price: from 2,000 rubles.

Foundation Adaptation Package

When a typical house project is being developed, some averaged soil parameters are taken as a basis. But, without having accurate data from geological expertise, it is difficult to take into account all the nuances in the design. Therefore, often the geotechnical characteristics of a real site differ significantly from those originally laid down in the project. This means that the foundation - the foundation of the whole house - will need to be improved in order for it to be strong and reliable.

In order to completely eliminate all problems when laying the foundation, the specialists of our company have developed the "Foundation adaptation" package. When implementing the package, not only technical characteristics are taken into account, but also the wishes of the customer.

This package includes:

• selection of the type of foundation
• calculation of technical parameters:

Depth of laying the bottom of the foundation
- load bearing capacity
- indicators of soil stress under the base of the foundation
- cross-sectional area of ​​working reinforcement, etc.

• detailed drawings of the zero cycle
• statement of costs of building materials.

The adaptation of the foundation gives a complete guarantee of its strength, and hence the reliability of the entire building. You are guaranteed to get rid of problems such as shrinkage and cracks during operation already finished house... Moreover, often the adapted foundation turns out to be cheaper than the option originally laid down in the project. And this will help save materials and financial resources.

Price: 14,000 rubles.

Foundation Adaptation Package

Carefully prepared foundation project - a strong and reliable home

• Price RUB 14,000

Individual design

If you decide to build a house, then you have your own idea of ​​how your dream home should be. And if none of the typical projects suits you, it makes sense to think about individual project... In addition, all your wishes will be taken into account as much as possible: the level of comfort, the composition of the family, even the view from the window. It is clear that such a project will not be cheap. But you will know for sure that there is no other such thing.
Sometimes, however, you have to resort to individual design forcibly. For example, a developer got a plot of land with a non-standard configuration, and not a single typical project simply fits into it. And it also happens that the number of changes made by the customer is such that it is easier and cheaper to design a house from scratch.

Stages of work on an individual project:

• development terms of reference for designing a house
• contract for design work
• preparation of a draft design: linking the building to the terrain, external and internal views, layouts, sections
• detailed study of the sections of the project.

In addition, you can also order:

• projects of additional structures - garage, workshop, baths, etc.
• visualization of the project in 3D format.

Ultimately, the customer receives the package project documentation, consisting of architectural and structural sections.

The project presents:

• General plan of the house with reference to the boundaries of the site.
• Floor plans, in which the thickness of the walls, lintels and partitions, the area of ​​the premises, the specification of windows and doorways are indicated.
• Facade plans with indication of finishing materials and color schemes.
• Sections of the building and main units.
• Drawings and sections of the foundation, bill of materials.
• Calculation of overlap, roof truss system, roof insulation and waterproofing units.

You can decide on the style of your future home in the "Individual Design" catalog.

Price: from 450 rubles. / m²

Individual design

Realize your personality!

• Price: from 450 rubles. / m²

Package "Tender proposal"

For any developer, a question from a funny nursery rhyme "what should we build a house ...?" far from idle. Moreover, the cost of building a house depends on many factors. Therefore, it is not necessary to estimate the costs "by eye". Without complete information, it will not work to count everything to the smallest detail and, in the end, it will cost itself more. And, besides, a careful calculation of the cost of materials and work affects not only your finances, but also the timing of the construction of the house.

You can calculate the construction costs as accurately as possible using the "Tender Offer" service developed by our specialists. In fact, this is a document that provides a complete list of all building materials and works, indicating their volumes.

The presence of a tender offer allows:

• get a real picture of the costs of the upcoming construction
• attract construction company which is able to offer the most profitable terms performance of work
• not only understand the essence of the construction process, but also competently control the consumption of building materials, independently adjusting prices for each item
• competently control the actions of contractors at all stages of construction

tender proposal, supported by information on the cost of materials and construction works- a serious argument for obtaining credit from the bank.

Package "Tender proposal"

Tender proposal:

Order a detailed quote. Build to your advantage!

• Price RUB 10,500

Anti-ice package

Drifts and ice on the roof of your house in winter are a lot of trouble. You can, of course, climb onto the roof and wave a shovel in the cold for 2-3 hours - business. But effective systems of snow melting and anti-icing have long been invented and widely used. They are based on heating cables. The system is organized according to the same principle as the "warm floor". Only more powerful and less cable laying.

The "Antiled" package is developed taking into account the peculiarities of the power supply of the house:

for roofs and gutters: snow melting in gutters, at the edge of the roof in order to prevent icicles and ice formation in pipes

for entrance group: heating of steps, paths and open areas

for the driveway to the garage: heated driveways

in addition, sometimes the Antiled system is used for heating the soil in greenhouses, and for landscape heating of flower beds, lawns and lawns, as well as for heating sports facilities.

During the design process, the minimum power consumption is calculated and fire safety is ensured. When creating the Anti-Ice system, it is recommended to use only certified self-heating elements that do not support combustion. In addition, the system is equipped with an overheating cut-off device or a differential circuit breaker to automatically shut down the system when energy loss is detected. If the system turns out to be too large, it is broken down into smaller sections. It's easier to manage her work this way.

Important:

for a multi-pitched roof, the Antiled system will be designed by our specialists according to an individual order.

Price: 4500 rub.

Anti-ice package

Your comfort and safety in winter

• Price RUB 4,500

Lightning protection package

Often, developers do not attach much importance to protecting their own homes from lightning: someone saves, someone thinks, someone hopes to "maybe". But 3-4 years after the construction of the house, many people remember about lightning protection. During a thunderstorm, a neighbor's roofing felts all household appliances burned out, or statistics on how many lightning fires occur in a year.

We propose to solve the issue immediately: to provide for protection already at the design stage of the house. It is worth thinking about this, at least for purely aesthetic reasons - it will not be necessary to hammer the walls of the house once again and pull the down conductor along the facade, violating the well-thought-out appearance building.

Home lightning protection is a system of devices located both outside the home and indoors. External lightning protection prevents lightning from entering the house, internal - protects the power grid from sudden voltage surges. And special devices protect electrical engineering from sudden changes in the electromagnetic field in the radius of a lightning strike.

The Lightning Protection package includes

• layout diagram of the location of lightning rods that absorb direct lightning strikes
• sectional diagram of the down conductor that carries the current from the lightning rod to the ground
• circuit diagram of the grounding circuit, which distributes lightning energy in the soil, ensuring complete safety
• averaged resistance calculations
• detailed list necessary materials
• recommendations for the implementation of the project.

The Dom4M Lightning Protection package guarantees you the safety of your home even in the worst thunderstorm.

Lightning protection package

Lightning protection: think about safety in advance

• Price RUB 3,100

Central vacuum cleaner package

"Central vacuum cleaner" is a kind of aspiration system(removal of small particles by sucking them in an air stream).

The system consists of:

• vacuum cleaner(installed in a technical room);
• duct system along which the dust-air mass moves (more often hidden installation is carried out in the preparation of the floor or in the space behind the false ceiling);
• wall inlets and pneumatic hoses(a flexible hose with a telescopic bar and a nozzle is connected to the former, as in a conventional vacuum cleaner, the latter are designed for express cleaning, as a rule, in the kitchen).

Pros:

• removable dusty no air enters back into the room, and "thrown out" after the unit into the street;
• No noise in the cleaned rooms.
• Convenience of cleaning without "pulling" the vacuum cleaner from room to room, without using extension cords.
• Concealed installation system, there is nothing in the room except a wall inlet.

Project price: from 3100 rubles.

Central vacuum cleaner package

"An integral part of a modern home is comfort, cleanliness and fresh air."

• Project price: from 3 100 rubles.

Comfort home package

Explanatory dictionaries claim that comfort is a combination of household amenities, without which life is unthinkable.
modern man in a modern house. Most of these amenities are laid down at the design stage. But we are ready to expand their list and help clients make their own home as comfortable as possible.