Compulsory social insurance concept meaning types of subjects. The concept and basis of compulsory social insurance

Zakharov and Tuchkova believe that social security is carried out in certain organizational and legal forms, one of which is state social insurance... ILO Convention No. 102 on minimum rates social security (1952) refers to the social security of the social insurance system, both established by the state and controlled by state bodies or carried out in accordance with established norms as a result of joint actions of entrepreneurs and workers "(Article 6). Therefore, state social insurance is mandatory system employee social security. The essence of social insurance is to distribute the social risk of loss or decrease in earnings due to circumstances beyond the control of the employee to employers and employees themselves, who are forced to deduct insurance payments to targeted social insurance funds. At the same time, the classical systems of state social insurance guarantee the insured the provision of material wealth(pensions, benefits, other services) on the principle of commensuration with the amounts paid in insurance funds... Zakharov M.L., Tuchkova E.G. Social Security Law of Russia: Textbook. - M * Publishing house BEK, 2001. - p. 21

Compulsory social insurance, according to M.V. Filippova, the leading form of social security, the importance of which is especially great in the conditions of market relations.

Social insurance emerged in the last quarter of the 19th century. in connection with the spread of wage labor. In conditions when workers' earnings became the only source of livelihood, its loss turned into a disaster not only for the worker, but also for his dependents. This made me think about ways to prevent the negative consequences of losing earnings. This form has become state-compulsory insurance, in which all wage-earners or some of their categories are subject to compulsory insurance in special insurance institutions, the action of which is subject to special regulation.

The first extensive insurance system was established in Germany by the Bismarck government: sickness insurance was introduced in 1883, industrial accident insurance in 1884, and disability and old age insurance in 1889. Social Security Law: Textbook / Ed. M.V. Filippova. - M .: Jurist, 2006 .-- p. 28

Federal Law No. 165-FZ of July 16, 1999 "On the Basics of Compulsory Social Insurance" defines compulsory social insurance as part of state system social protection population, which provides a system of legal, economic and organizational measures created by the state aimed at compensating or minimizing the consequences of changes in the material and (or) social situation of working citizens, and in cases stipulated by law Russian Federation, other categories of citizens due to their recognition as unemployed, labor injury or occupational disease, disability, illness, injury, pregnancy and childbirth, loss of a breadwinner, as well as the onset of old age, the need to obtain medical care, spa treatment and the occurrence of other social insurance risks established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, subject to compulsory social insurance.

compulsory social insurance pension

In our country, compulsory social insurance is carried out, which complies with the generally recognized principles and norms of international law. Compulsory social insurance is a part of the state system of social protection of the population, the specificity of which is the insurance of working and non-working citizens against possible change financial and (or) social status, including due to circumstances beyond their control.

Compulsory social insurance is a system of legal, economic and organizational measures created by the state aimed at compensating or minimizing the consequences of changes in the material and (or) social situation of working citizens, and in cases stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation, other categories of citizens due to their recognition as unemployed, labor injury or occupational disease, disability, illness, injury, pregnancy and childbirth, loss of a breadwinner, as well as the onset of old age, the need for medical care, spa treatment and the onset of other social insurance risks established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, subject to compulsory social insurance.

The Federal Law of July 16, 1999 No. 165-FZ "On the Basics of Compulsory Social Insurance" regulates relations in the system of compulsory social insurance, but this Law does not apply to compulsory government insurance, which is regulated by the special legislation of the Russian Federation. The law defines:

1. legal position subjects of compulsory social insurance;
2. the grounds for their occurrence and the procedure for exercising their rights and obligations;
3. responsibility of subjects of compulsory social insurance;
4. establishes the basis for state regulation of compulsory social insurance.

The Law "On the Foundations of Compulsory Social Insurance" establishes the basic principles for the implementation of compulsory social insurance.

The main principles of compulsory social insurance are:

1. sustainability financial system compulsory social insurance, provided on the basis of the equivalence of insurance coverage and insurance premiums;
2. the universal compulsory nature of social insurance, the availability for insured persons to sell their social guarantees;
3. state guarantee of the observance of the rights of insured persons to protection against social insurance risks and fulfillment of obligations on compulsory social insurance, regardless of financial situation insurer;
4. state regulation of the compulsory social insurance system;
5. parity of participation of representatives of subjects of compulsory social insurance in the governing bodies of the compulsory social insurance system;
6. the obligation to pay insurance contributions to the budgets of funds for specific types of compulsory social insurance by policyholders;
7. responsibility for the targeted use of compulsory social insurance funds;
8. provision of supervision and public control;
9. autonomy of the financial system of compulsory social insurance.

Article 3. Basic concepts and terms used in this Federal Law

For the purposes of this Federal Law, are used the following concepts and terms:

insurance fee - obligatory payment for compulsory social insurance;

insurance premium rate - the rate of insurance premium set for a specific type of compulsory social insurance with accrued wages on all grounds (income) of insured persons;

social insurance risk - an alleged event that entails a change in the material and (or) social situation of working citizens and other categories of citizens, in the event of which compulsory social insurance is carried out;

insured event - an event that represents the realization of a social insurance risk, with the onset of which the obligation of the insurer arises, and in some cases established federal laws, - also insurers to provide for compulsory social insurance;

provision for compulsory social insurance (hereinafter - insurance coverage) - the performance by the insurer, and in some cases established by federal laws, also by the insured of its obligations to the insured person upon occurrence insured event through insurance payments or other types of security established by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

insurance experience - the total length of time for payment of insurance premiums and (or) taxes;

compulsory social insurance funds - cash and property, which are in the operational management of the insurer of specific types of compulsory social insurance.

3. Legal framework for compulsory social insurance.

One of the forms compulsory insurance, in which insurance relations arise by virtue of the law - compulsory social insurance.

The general legal basis for the implementation of compulsory social insurance is the Law of the Russian Federation of July 16, 1999 No. 165-FZ "On the fundamentals of compulsory social insurance" 1, Federal Law of December 15, 2001 No. 167-FZ "On compulsory pension insurance in the Russian Federation "2, Law of the Russian Federation dated June 28, 1991 No. 1499-1" On health insurance citizens in the Russian Federation "3, Federal Law of July 24, 1998 No. 125-FZ" On compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases "4.

Compulsory social insurance is a system of legal, economic and organizational measures created by the state aimed at compensating or minimizing the consequences of changes in the material and social situation of working citizens, and in cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, other categories of citizens due to their recognition as unemployed, labor injury or occupational disease, disability, illness, injury, pregnancy and childbirth, loss of a breadwinner, as well as the onset of old age, the need to receive medical care, spa treatment and the onset of other social insurance risks established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, subject to compulsory social insurance.

Compulsory social insurance is an integral part of public policy to protect the population. Its legal basis is formed by the norms of financial, labor, civil law, social security rights. The fundamental law is the Federal Law "On the Foundations of Compulsory Social Insurance" dated July 16, 1999, as well as other federal laws and by-laws, laws and by-laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on specific types of compulsory social insurance.

Compulsory social insurance in the Russian Federation must be carried out on the basis of following principles:

The stability of the financial system of compulsory social insurance, achieved by the equivalence of insurance coverage and insurance premiums;

The general compulsory nature of social insurance, the availability for insured persons of the implementation of their social guarantees;

State guarantee observance of the rights of insured persons to protection from social insurance risks and fulfillment of obligations under compulsory social insurance, regardless of the financial position of the insurer;

State regulation compulsory social insurance system;

Parity of participation of representatives of subjects of compulsory social insurance in the governing bodies of the compulsory social insurance system;

Obligation to pay insurance contributions to the budget of funds of specific types of compulsory social insurance by insurers;

Responsibility for the intended use of compulsory social insurance funds;

Providing supervision and public control;

Autonomy of the financial system of compulsory social insurance.

Depending on the nature of the event (insurance risk), entailing a change in the material and (or) social situation of working citizens and other categories of citizens and in the event of which social insurance is carried out, they are divided into the following types:

The need to receive medical attention;

Temporary disability;

Work injury and Occupational Illness;

Motherhood;

Disability;

The onset of old age;

Loss of a breadwinner;

Recognition as unemployed;

Death of the insured person or disabled family members who are dependent on him.

Each type of social insurance risk corresponds to a certain type of insurance coverage, i.e. fulfillment by the insurer of its obligations to the insured person in the event of an insured event through insurance payments or other types of security established by the legislation on specific types of compulsory social insurance. The legislator refers to the types of insurance coverage:

1) payment to a medical institution of the costs associated with providing the insured person with the necessary medical care;

2) old-age pension;

3) disability pension;

4) pension in case of loss of breadwinner;

5) allowance for temporary incapacity for work;

6) benefit in connection with work injury and occupational disease;

7) maternity allowance;

8) monthly allowance caring for a child until he reaches the age of one and a half years;

9) unemployment benefit;

10) lump sum women registered with medical institutions in early dates pregnancy;

11) a lump sum for the birth of a child;

12) allowance for spa treatment;

13) social allowance for burial;

14) payment of vouchers for sanatorium treatment and health improvement of employees and their families.

The subjects of compulsory social insurance are:

insured - organizations, as well as citizens, obliged in accordance with federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance to pay insurance premiums(obligatory payments). The policyholders include both executive authorities and local self-government bodies, which are obliged to pay insurance premiums in accordance with federal laws;

insurers - non-profit organizations created in accordance with federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance to ensure the rights of insured persons on compulsory social insurance in the event of insured events;

insured persons - citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as Foreign citizens and stateless persons working under labor contracts, persons self-supporting themselves with work, or other categories of citizens whose relations on compulsory social insurance arise in accordance with federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance.

Relations on compulsory social insurance are developing between the named subjects. The legislator speaks especially about the moment of origin of these relations. So, for the insured (employer), these relations arise from the moment of the conclusion of an employment contract with the employee; for other policyholders - from the moment of their registration with the insurer, and for the insurer - from the moment of registration of the policyholder. In turn, for the insured persons, the moment of occurrence of these relations is the conclusion of an employment contract with the employer; for persons who independently provide themselves with work, and for other categories of citizens - payment by them or for them of insurance premiums.

The insured persons are endowed with corresponding rights and obligations. In particular, they have the right to timely receive insurance coverage, to participate in the management of compulsory social insurance, to protect their rights. The insured persons are obliged to pay insurance premiums, if provided by law, as well as timely present to the insurer the documents that serve as the basis for the appointment and payment of insurance coverage.

Insurers have the right to check the submitted documents, appoint and conduct an examination to verify the occurrence of an insured event, collect arrears on insurance premiums from policyholders, grant them a deferred payment of insurance premiums and other rights. Obligations assigned to insurers include ensuring the collection of insurance premiums, timely payment of insurance coverage, preparation of a tariff justification, registration of policyholders, free advice on compulsory social insurance, as well as other obligations.

The policyholders, as independent subjects of these relations, are also entitled to participate through their representatives in the management of compulsory social insurance, receive free information and advice on insurance issues, enjoy benefits and deferred payment of insurance premiums, and defend their rights. The obligations of the policyholders include registration and deregistration with the insurer within the time frames specified by law, payment of insurance premiums, presentation of documents and information required by the insurer, payment of certain types of insurance coverage to insured persons in the event of an insured event.

Disputes arising on compulsory social insurance issues are resolved in next order... The policyholder or the insured person may submit a written application for controversial issues to the insurer, which must, within ten working days from the date of its receipt, consider this application and notify the applicant in writing about the decision taken within five working days after the consideration of such an application. In case of disagreement with the adopted decision, the dispute is subject to resolution in higher instances or in court.

In the Federal Law "On the Foundations of Compulsory Social Insurance" the legislator not only defines this type of insurance as a system of measures implemented by the state in order to compensate citizens of various kinds social consequences associated with the onset of social insurance risks, but also notes the need for state management of the compulsory social insurance system. Public administration assigned to the Government of the Russian Federation, which creates insurers that carry out compulsory social insurance.

11. Compulsory social insurance: concept, principles, general characteristics

The legal definition of OSS is contained in Art. 1 of the Federal Law on the basics of compulsory social insurance (OSS).

OSS- a part of the state system of social protection of the population, the specificity of which is the insurance of working citizens, carried out in accordance with the Federal Law, against possible changes in the material and (or) social situation, including due to circumstances beyond their control.

OSS principles: 1) the stability of the financial system of the OSS, ensured on the basis of the equivalence of insurance coverage with the funds of the OSS; 2) the universal compulsory nature of social insurance, the availability for insured persons to implement their social guarantees; 3) the state guarantee of the observance of the rights of insured persons to protection from social insurance risks and the fulfillment of obligations under the MIA, regardless of the financial position of the insurer; 4) state regulation of the OSS system; 5) parity of participation of representatives of OSS subjects in the governing bodies of the OSS system;

6) the obligation to pay insurance premiums by policyholders; 7) responsibility for the targeted use of OSS funds; 8) ensuring supervision and public control; 9) the autonomy of the financial system of the OSS.

OSS are subject to: 1) employees (persons who have entered into an employment contract); 2) persons who independently provide themselves with work; 3) other persons, subject to payment by them (or for them) of insurance premiums for the OSS.

Insurance is based on the idea decomposition risk between all members of the OSS.

At the expense of contributions, a monetary fund is created, from which, upon the occurrence insured event the sum insured is paid.

State (compulsory) social insurance consists in the division of responsibility for the occurrence social insurance risk between employers, workers and other employees subject to the OSS and the state.

OSS support(insurance coverage) - the fulfillment of their obligations to the insured person in the event of an insured event through insurance payments or other types of security established by the Federal Law on specific types of compulsory social insurance.

The basis for the appointment and payment of insurance coverage to the insured person is the occurrence of a documented insured event.

Social insurance risk - anticipated event, upon the occurrence of which the OSS is carried out.

Types of social risks: 1) the need for medical assistance; 2) loss by the insured person of earnings (payments, benefits in favor of the insured person) or other income in connection with the occurrence of an insured event; 3) additional expenses of the insured person or his family members in connection with the occurrence of the insured event.

Insurance case – accomplished event, with the onset of which the obligation of the insurer arises(policyholders- in some cases, established by the Federal Law) to provide security for the OSS.

List of insured events: 1) reaching retirement age - insurance pension old age; 2) the onset of disability - a disability insurance pension 3) the loss of a breadwinner - an insurance pension in the event of the loss of a breadwinner 4) illness 5) injury 6) industrial accident or occupational disease 7) pregnancy and childbirth 8) birth of a child (children) 9) caring for a child under the age of one and a half years10) other cases established by the Federal Law on specific types of OSS

Insurance coverage for certain types of compulsory social insurance is:

1) payment medical organization costs associated with providing the insured person with the necessary medical care;

2) old-age pension;

3) disability pension;

4) survivor's pension;

5) allowance for temporary incapacity for work;

6) insurance payments in connection with an industrial accident and occupational disease, payment of additional costs for medical rehabilitation, spa treatment, social and professional rehabilitation;

7) maternity allowance;

8) monthly childcare allowance;

9) other types of insurance coverage established by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

10) a one-time allowance for women registered with medical organizations in the early stages of pregnancy;

11) a lump sum for the birth of a child;

12) social allowance for burial.

Compulsory social insurance relations arise:

1) from the insured (employer) - for all types of compulsory social insurance from the moment of the conclusion of an employment contract with the employee;

2) from other policyholders - from the moment of their registration by the insurer;

3) at the insurer - from the moment of registration of the policyholder;

4) for insured persons - for all types of compulsory social insurance from the moment of the conclusion of an employment contract with the employer;

5) for persons who independently provide themselves with work and other categories of citizens - from the moment they or for them pay insurance premiums, unless otherwise provided by federal laws.

Compulsory social insurance is carried out by insurers in accordance with federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance.

The Government of the Russian Federation, in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation, manages the system of compulsory social insurance.

SubjectsOSS(participants in OSS relations): 1) policyholders- organizations of any OPF, as well as citizens who are obliged in accordance with the Federal Law on specific types of OSS to pay insurance premiums, and in some cases, established by the Federal Law, to pay certain types insurance coverage (also executive authorities and local self-government bodies, obliged in accordance with the laws on specific types of OSS to pay insurance premiums); 2) insurers- non-profit organizations created in accordance with the Federal Law on specific types of insurance coverage to ensure the rights of insured persons under the insurance coverage in the event of insured events;

3) insured persons- citizens of the Russian Federation, as well as foreign citizens and stateless persons working under labor contracts, persons who independently provide themselves with work, or other categories of citizens who have relations under the OSS in accordance with the Federal Law on specific types of OSS.

Insured persons have the right to:

1) for timely receipt of insurance coverage in the manner and on conditions established by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance. In the cases established by federal laws, the family members of the insured person and persons dependent on him may have the right to insurance coverage;

2) to defend his rights personally, through his representative or the trade union, including in court;

3) to participate through a representative or a trade union in the management of compulsory social insurance;

4) to receive information on the activities of insurers and policyholders;

5) to submit proposals through its representative or trade union on the rates of insurance premiums to insurers and to the Government of the Russian Federation.

The insured persons are obliged to:

1) timely submit to the insurer documents containing reliable information and serving as the basis for the appointment and payment of insurance coverage provided for by the federal law on a specific type of compulsory social insurance;

2) pay insurance contributions, if such an obligation is established by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance.

Insurers have the right to:

1) upon the occurrence of an insured event, if necessary, appoint and conduct an examination to verify the occurrence of an insured event;

2) check documents for the accounting and transfer of insurance premiums, as well as documents related to the payment of insurance coverage, in accordance with the Federal Law "On insurance premiums in Pension Fund Of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, the Federal Compulsory Health Insurance Fund and territorial compulsory health insurance funds "and (or) federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

3) not to take into account the costs of compulsory social insurance incurred in violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation;

4) collect from the policyholders in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation, arrears on insurance premiums, as well as impose fines, charge penalties in accordance with the Federal Law "On Insurance Contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, Federal Fund of Compulsory Medical insurance and territorial compulsory health insurance funds "and (or) federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

5) provide policyholders with a deferral of payment of insurance premiums in cases established by federal laws;

6) carry out social insurance of persons who independently provide themselves with work, on conditions determined by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

7) apply to the court with claims for the protection of their rights and compensation for damage caused, including filing recourse claims for reimbursement of expenses incurred.

Insurers are obliged to:

1) prepare, taking into account the opinion of employers and trade unions, the justification of the rates of insurance premiums;

2) ensure the collection of insurance premiums in cases stipulated by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance, as well as timely payment of insurance coverage (regardless of the appointment of an examination to verify the occurrence of an insured event) in accordance with federal laws;

3) regularly inform, in the prescribed manner, policyholders, insured persons, state, public organizations about their financial condition and take measures to ensure their financial stability;

4) ensure control over the correct calculation, timely payment and transfer of insurance premiums by the insured in cases provided for by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance, as well as over the costs of compulsory social insurance provided for by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

5) control the correctness and timeliness of the appointment and payment of insurance coverage to insured persons;

6) keep records of paid insurance premiums in cases stipulated by federal laws;

7) carry out registration of policyholders in cases provided for by federal laws;

8) maintain a unified record of insured persons and policyholders, the receipt and expenditure of compulsory social insurance funds based on uniform (universal) identification marks, for the purpose of compulsory social insurance, information interaction and mutual verification of the reliability of information provided for maintaining personalized records of insured persons, by conclusion of relevant agreements;

9) provide free of charge to policyholders and insured persons or their representatives, as well as state and public organizations information about its activities, with the exception of information in respect of which there is a requirement to ensure its confidentiality and the procedure for the transfer of which is established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;

10) inform and advise policyholders free of charge on regulatory legal acts on compulsory social insurance issues.

Policyholders have the right to:

1) participate through their representatives in the management of compulsory social insurance;

2) submit proposals on the rates of insurance premiums for specific types of compulsory social insurance to insurers and to the Government of the Russian Federation;

3) to receive free of charge information from insurers on regulatory legal acts on compulsory social insurance and the amount of insurance coverage paid to insured persons;

4) participate through their representatives in carrying out calculations to determine the validity of the rates of insurance premiums;

5) apply to the insurer for a deferral of payment of insurance premiums in cases provided for by federal laws;

6) go to court to protect their rights.

Policyholders are obliged to:

1) register and deregister from the insurer in accordance with the procedure established by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

2) pay in deadlines and in the proper amount insurance premiums;

3) provide the insurer with the information necessary for maintaining an individual (personified) record of paid insurance premiums;

4) keep records of accruals of insurance premiums and submit to the insurer, within the time limits established by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance, reporting in the prescribed form;

5) present to the insurer for verification documents on accounting and transferring insurance premiums, spending compulsory social insurance funds in cases stipulated by federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance;

6) pay out certain types of insurance coverage to insured persons in the event of insured events in accordance with federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance, including at their own expense.

Insurance premiums are paid by the insured in accordance with the Federal Law "On Insurance Contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund and Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Funds" and (or) federal laws on specific types of compulsory social insurance ...

Monetary funds of compulsory social insurance are kept in accounts opened for territorial bodies of the Federal Treasury for cash services for the execution of the budgets of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, the Social Insurance Fund of the Russian Federation, Federal Fund compulsory health insurance and territorial compulsory health insurance funds in the institutions of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

The state structure for ensuring social protection of citizens includes, among other entities, the social insurance fund. It is the second most important and the amount of compensation after the Pension Fund.

The structure of this system is based on the clear fulfillment of the obligations of all parties - policyholders, insured persons, government agencies and the foundation itself.

Therefore, the relationship between all participants is binding. And, therefore, basically all types of social insurance are also mandatory here.

All types of social insurance are a mandatory measure aimed at providing financial support in the event of insurance risks. The generally accepted classification at the state level includes such areas of social risk insurance:

• Liability Insurance;
• Property insurance;
• Personal insurance.

The property category of social insurance includes the registration of insurance policies for goods, financial risks, real estate, vehicles... The insurers of this category are Insurance companies... They also mainly supervise the section of liability insurance - civil liability of car owners, borrowers, and so on.

The most common category is social, including:

• Life insurance;
• Accident risks;
• Insured events related to occupational disease;
• Health insurance;
• Maternity insurance.

And although many insurance companies also provide services in this type of insurance, the most reliable structure that provides financial support for these types is - state fund in charge of social insurance issues.

The most common types of social insurance

There are several categories of social insurance that are mandatory for all citizens. Every officially employed person is a payer of insurance premiums. Such deductions from his salary are made by the employer's accounting department. Those who are engaged in private entrepreneurial activity, also in mandatory are regularly required to pay such contributions to the FSS. Thus, these categories of persons provide themselves with protection in the event of temporary disability.

This is the most common category, and it is in this category that the largest number payments. Compulsory medical insurance funds have a designated purpose in the provision of emergency or first aid. They are also sent for financial support during the stay of the insured person on outpatient or inpatient treatment.

There are several insured events in this category - injury during the production process, sudden occupational disease, health problems due to an accident. In all these situations, the insured person can apply for financial support. In order for such risks to occur, financing is carried out in a full-fledged format, the employer of the insured person, who has the status of the insured, is obliged to regularly deduct a set amount from the salary of his employee and transfer it to the FSS.

The amount of the insured's contributions is established by federal laws and legal standards and amounts to 3.6% of the amount of the unified social tax.

Financial support for this type of social insurance is available to the insured person regardless of the place of registration, residence or actual location at the time of the insured event.

Another topical type of social insurance is financial support for expectant mothers and women who already have children in raising. This category of insured persons is entitled to benefits from social insurance funds intended to improve living conditions, treatment and purchase material values necessary for caring for children.

Disability insurance

This category can be assessed as a kind of medical social compulsory insurance. The payment of benefits and compensations is carried out at different stages - during the period of inpatient examination, during a temporary stay in a disability group.

The social fund also makes payments to people with disabilities who were injured as a result of participation in hostilities.

This separate category citizens, due to circumstances deprived of the opportunity to provide for themselves and their children, can also count on government support from funds social fund... The law establishes the conditions for receiving such benefits, and many families with incomes below living wage can receive regular payments to stabilize their financial situation.

Payments of social benefits for unemployment

The problem of employment could leave many citizens beyond the poverty line if they did not receive monetary support in the form of unemployment benefits. This important type of social insurance has become especially relevant recently, when the economic downturn in the country has deprived many citizens of permanent jobs.

The first condition in order to receive money from social insurance funds is the presence of documentary evidence that a citizen belongs to one of the listed groups of insured persons.

If there are relevant certificates, documents confirming the identity and the fact of regular payments of insurance premiums, the fund immediately considers the timing and amount of such benefits and payments. At the same time, there are different formats of financial support - one-time assistance and regular insurance payments.

To receive funds within the framework of medical social compulsory insurance, it is necessary to confirm the fact of diagnosis of the disease. Such a document may be an extract from the medical history, a certificate from a local therapist, a referral for treatment in a hospital.

On the fact of motherhood, documentary confirmation from the medical institution will also be required.

Unemployment insurance involves the payment of cash benefits on a regular basis until full recovery at work or new employment, provided there is a certificate from the Employment Center about the registration of an unemployed person.

In all other cases, documents, certificates and certificates are also needed, certifying the right of the citizen who applied to the fund to receive social benefits.

The established classification of types of social insurance involves financial support for a wide audience of citizens in various life circumstances. And this instills a sense of stability in those who regularly pay mandatory social insurance contributions.

Plan

Social Security Management.

Social Security Administration is subdivided into general and operational.

General implements - Government of the Russian Federation - Federal Constitutional Law of 17.12.1997 N 2-FKZ

Operational - the Ministry of Labor, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education and Science, etc.

The main functions in the implementation of public policy and legal regulation in the field of social security of the population, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation is entrusted with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 19, 2012 N 610 "On approval of the Regulation on the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation."

Extra-budgetary funds occupy a special place in operational management.

At the entity level, social security agencies may have different names. In the Krasnodar Territory, management is carried out by the Ministry of Labor and social development Krasnodar Territory - Resolution of the head of the administration of the KK dated 21.12. 2015 No. 1240.

Regional bodies of social security are subordinate to subordinate bodies - district, city, departments, committees of social protection of the population.

Topic 2 Financing and management of social security

Plan

1). Concept and types of forms of social security. Compulsory social insurance: concept, principles, types, subjects.

2). Financing social security.

3). Insurance premiums as the main source of funding for social security.

4). Social Security Management.

The concept and types of forms of social security. Compulsory social insurance: concept, principles, types, subjects.

Modern society attaches importance to the most important value - to a person and his natural rights. A special place among these rights is occupied by socio-economic rights.

Among the socio-economic rights, in addition to the right to work, to free choice of work, to fair and favorable working conditions and to protection from unemployment, to equal pay for equal work, to education, to the free use of cultural values, to protection of the family, motherhood and childhood, also applies right to social security.

This right found its normative confirmation in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948, in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1966, in the European Social Charter adopted by the Council of Europe in 1961 and revised in 1996, as well as in the national constitutions of a number of states.

The right to social security is one of the ways to ensure that a person's standard of living, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and necessary social services, which is necessary to maintain the health and well-being of himself and his family.

In turn, Machulskaya E.E. gives the following definition social Security - it is a system of economic relations for the redistribution of state and non-state funds aimed at partial reimbursement of income from labor activity, intrafamily support, additional costs for children and other disabled family members, provision of free medical and social services to persons affected by social risk or other socially significant circumstances.

Social security signs:

The recognition by society of the need to provide livelihoods to persons who do not have them is formalized by securing the right to security;

Implementation of security at the expense of public funds ",

Provision of those persons who do not have a means of subsistence (or do not have enough of them) for objective reasons that do not depend or little depend on their will, reasons, and these reasons themselves as grounds for provision are enshrined in legislation;

Determination of the amount of funds provided to disabled people based on the standards of life support prevailing in society, ideas about socially significant needs, as well as society's ideas about social justice;

The creation by the state, acting on behalf of society, in order to realize the right to social security of a special organizational and legal system, including a system of financing the relevant events, a system of bodies implementing them, a system of guarantees for the protection of this right, as well as ensuring regulation of social security standards, types of benefits provided, the grounds and conditions for their provision through the adoption of appropriate legislation and the development of a mechanism for its functioning.

In the modern Russian Constitution of 1993, the right to social security is enshrined in Art. 39, according to which everyone is guaranteed social security by age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, for raising children and in other cases, established by law, in the form of pensions, benefits, social services.

This right requires the creation of a special mechanism for its implementation.

Depending on how the functioning of this mechanism is organized, a distinction is made between forms of social security – it is an organizational and legal mechanism created for the implementation of the constitutional right to social security.

So, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights speaks of everyone's right to social security, including social security. Hence, social insurance can be considered as a form of social security.

ILO Convention No. 102 "On minimum standards of social security ", fundamental act The International Organization labor, devoted to social security issues, speaks of the possibility of securing the right to security in the form of insurance, as well as through taxation, i.e., in fact, it already mentions two forms - insurance and non-insurance.

In the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the forms of social security are not directly enshrined, however, the analysis of Art. 7 and 39 allows us to conclude that

- compulsory social insurance;

- state social security;

- non-state (additional), social security.