Termination of the life insurance contract. How is the sum insured under a life insurance contract paid? Rules for drawing up a life insurance contract

Life insurance is distinguished among the types by a list of events () included in the scope of the insurer's insurance liability and which are the basis for insurance payments, as well as the duration of the contract. Most types of life insurance are long-term, and the principles of the approach to calculation depend on this - economic basis carrying out any type of insurance.

Life insurance combines all those types of personal insurance in which insurance coverage timed to coincide with the death of the insured person or his survival until a certain point in time.

Life insurance is subdivided into capital insurance and annuity insurance. Under annuity means the sequence of payments made by the insurer to the policyholder, which are of a regular nature.

At capital insurance the insurer undertakes to pay a lump sum of money in a lump sum in the event of the death of the insured or in the event of his surviving until the moment of time stipulated in the contract. The policyholder undertakes to pay insurance premiums for this within a certain period of time. The policyholder can pay the insurance premium in a lump sum or in installments.

At annuity insurance the policyholder pays an insurance premium at a time or in installments, at the expense of which the insurer undertakes to pay the insured for a certain number of years or a fixed annual income (annuity or annuity, pension) for life.

From the point of view of actuarial calculations and the formation of insurance reserves, insurance is divided into cumulative(life and pension insurance) and p claim(all other types of insurance, except life insurance). Life insurance is also based on uncertainty about how many years the insured person will live. For each specific insured, there is a certain risk (probability) of not living up to the end of the contract. This type of insurance refers to accumulative types, since its purpose is not only to provide oneself or another person with insurance coverage, but also to accumulate a certain amount of money (security) during the period of the insurance contract. Accumulation sum insured comes at the expense investment income received from the placement of reserves for life insurance, as well as the contributions of those insured who did not live up to the end of the insurance period.

The term "endowment insurance" reflects the interest of the policyholder, which consists in the accumulation of a certain amount of targeted money in relatively small insurance premiums. This interest is mostly satisfied by mixed life insurance contracts, since under such a contract, the full insurance amount is paid both when the insured survives until the end of the insurance period, and in case of his death during the period of the contract.

Life insurance is associated with the provision by the insurer, in exchange for the payment of insurance premiums, of a guarantee to pay a certain amount of money (sum insured) to the insured or to third parties indicated by him in the event of the death of the insured or his survival to a certain period.

With life insurance, the risk of the duration of human life is insured. Thus, the risk is not death itself, but the timing of its occurrence. In this regard, the insured risk has three aspects:

the likelihood of dying before the deadline set as life expectancy;
the likelihood of dying or surviving over a period of time;
the likelihood of living to an age above average life expectancy, which requires a regular income without continuing to work.

Life insurance makes it possible to overcome the inadequacy of the state social security system and contributes to an increase in the personal income of the population. In addition, a life insurance policy is a guarantee or security in the implementation of a number of financial and credit operations. Thus, life insurance fulfills the following functions:

protection of the family in the event of the loss of the breadwinner and the income of the deceased family member;
provision in case of temporary or permanent disability (disability);
providing a pension in old age;
accumulation of funds to provide material support to children upon reaching the age of majority, to pay for their education (educational insurance);
accumulation of funds (capital insurance);
loan repayment guarantee (life insurance of loan borrowers, mortgage insurance);
the possibility of obtaining a loan from an insurance company for preferential terms.

Life insurance is based on the following principles.

Insurable interest

In order to insure the life of a person, necessary condition is the presence of an insurable interest in it from the policyholder. The insured interests are: the insured - in his own life, the employer - in the life of his employees, the spouse - in the life of another spouse, parents - in the life of their children, business partners, the creditor - in the life of the debtor.

Historical aspect

There was many abuses associated with life insurance and with the form in which it was carried out earlier. The most common practice was to insure the life of individuals without notifying the latter. This allowed the less scrupulous members of society to make money on the lives of others who were at least not entirely healthy. Many insurance schemes have failed in financial plan exactly because of this reason.

To control such abuses in England, the Insurance Betting Prohibition Bill was presented to Parliament, which was enacted through the Life Insurance Act of 1774, commonly known as the Betting Act.

The law put forward the following requirement: “For a person to be able to insure someone’s life, he must have a financial interest in the life of that person, and sum insured should not exceed quantification of this financial interest. "

Beneficiary and insured person

The policyholder has the right to appoint any person as the beneficiary under the life insurance contract, as well as replace him at his discretion before the occurrence insured event... In life insurance, the concepts of "beneficiary" and "insured" differ significantly. The insured is the person whose life is the object of insurance, but not the person in whose favor the contract was concluded. Legal Aspects covering the rights and obligations of the beneficiary and the insured are governed by the norms of the Russian Federation.

The opportunity to participate in the profits of the insurance company (bonus system)

Based on the results of the year Insurance Company calculates a bonus that can be paid to the policyholder, is directed either to increase the insured amount under a life insurance contract, or to reduce insurance premiums. The sources of bonuses are favorable demographic situation(improved indicators of life expectancy of the population), increased profitability of investments or savings on the cost of doing business.

Redemption value of the policy

V accumulative insurance it is possible to terminate insurance early. In this case, the redemption amount is paid to the policyholder - this is the current value insurance policy, which the insurer is ready to pay to the policyholder who wishes to terminate the life insurance contract. The surrender value is the value of the accumulated premium reserve under the long-term life insurance contract minus the penalty for early termination of the contract. The surrender value usually appears after the second year of the contract and increases every year. By the end of the insurance period, the redemption amount is equal to the sum insured.

Possibility of obtaining a loan

An endowment insurance policy makes it possible to obtain a loan from the insurance company that issued the policy on preferential terms. The maximum loan amount is limited by the sum insured under the contract.

Types of life insurance contracts

Lifetime death insurance... The insurer undertakes to pay the insurance coverage specified in the contract to the beneficiaries in the event of the death of the insured person, whenever it occurs. The contract is not limited by an end date. Insurance premiums are paid for a certain period (life insurance in case of death with reduced payment of insurance premiums) or throughout the life of the insured (life insurance in case of death with life insurance payments). Of course, in the latter case, the insurance premium will be higher than in the first. This type of insurance is the most widespread in the world and has many modifications.

Temporary death insurance... The insurer undertakes to pay in the event of the death of the insured within the agreed period of time. If the insured survives until the end of the specified period, the insurance is terminated and the insurer is released from the obligation to pay. This type of life insurance is risky and does not contain accumulation elements. Temporary death insurance contracts are often automatically renewable. There are several types of temporary death insurance: insurance with an increasing or decreasing insurance amount, etc.

Survival insurance... An insured event is the death of the insured until the term specified in the contract. Upon surviving, the insurer undertakes to pay the sum insured. In the event of the death of the insured before the onset of this period, the insurer is either released from payment, or returns the insurance premiums received to him (usually with some deduction). Survival insurance is a special form of savings Money... A type of survival insurance is educational insurance.

Endowment insurance... Mixed life insurance is a combination of the two listed types of insurance: temporary death insurance (providing for the insured's neighbors) and life insurance (providing for the insured himself). With this type of insurance, the insurer undertakes to pay the insured amount if the insured person lives to a certain point in time or if he dies before this period. In practice, there are many varieties of blended life insurance.

Annuity insurance is a type of survival insurance and provides for the onset of liability of the insurer for payment upon reaching the age established by the contract (or after the expiration of the agreed time after the entry into force of the contract) throughout the life of the insured or a certain period or immediately after the conclusion of the contract throughout the life of the insured or a certain period ...

Distinguish annuities (annuities) immediate (payment of which begins in the first year after the conclusion of the insurance contract) and deferred (payment of which begins several years after the conclusion of the contract); life (paid until the death of the insured person) and temporary (paid during the life of the insured person, but not more than a certain number of years). Rent insurance has become widespread for a long time; they are used mainly in order to receive an increased income from a cash deposit - more than what one can have using interest on a deposit made to the bank.

The social significance of personal insurance

Personal insurance in different countries is an important element of social stability in society. First, insurance companies are actively involved in pension and social programs... Suffice it to say that many countries have adopted a law "On compulsory insurance against industrial accidents", in the implementation of which insurance companies take part. Secondly, life insurance is a source of additional income citizens and is stimulated by the state. In the West, whose experience is so often cited, there is a multifactorial model of ensuring income for the working population through:

salary fund;
participation in profits through bonus systems;
payment of dividends;
income from bank deposits, shares and securities;
foundations social protection(pension and other non-state funds);
income from accumulative life insurance policies and other sources.

This model is the basis of social stability in society.

The development of short-term insurance in Russia was also facilitated by the legislative environment. However, despite the development of the law "On the procedure for the implementation of long-term life insurance", it was never adopted. There is also no system of incentives, and not only tax ones, for the development of personal insurance and long-term life insurance.

The development of short-term life insurance in Russia is explained by an objective pattern, since this is a reaction insurance market on the existing legal and economic conditions. At the initial stage of development of the insurance market, this type of insurance was used to optimize in a legal way taxation of enterprises.

Given the volume and temporary nature of short-term life insurance, it is necessary to create conditions for the development of personal insurance and transform short-term life insurance into long-term. For this, a number of measures are proposed.

1. Provide insurance companies with the opportunity to participate in the decision social problems... For example, to ensure the participation of insurance companies in the reform of the pension system. By developing pension insurance, the state is solving the problem of receiving high pensions for those who want it. At the same time, the state receives long-term money in the form of insurance reserves.

In addition, insurance companies can take an active part in professional pension systems, ensuring that benefits are paid to beneficiaries for five years before they reach their effective retirement age. Insurance companies can also conclude contracts for individual pension insurance with individuals, providing them with a decent level of pension. Insurance companies can take on the risks of the insured not living up to retirement age and paying a pension to the beneficiary, i.e. in the event of the loss of the breadwinner.

Thus, the admission of insurance companies to solving social problems and the development of personal insurance allow citizens to receive:

additional pension provision;
high quality medical services;
additional social guarantees in case of disability, loss of a breadwinner, etc .;

2. It is necessary to pass laws to promote the development of this species. It is on social laws: "On the development of long-term life insurance in Russian Federation"," About mandatory social insurance accident at work "," On the basics of reform pension system" etc.

3. For the development of personal insurance and long-term life insurance, in particular, incentives are needed for policyholders. The first step in this direction has been taken: the adopted chapters 23 and 24 Tax Code RF (about income and social tax) contribute to the development of personal insurance. The task is to ensure that Chapter 25 (on corporate income tax), which has passed the first reading, would allow the company's costs of personal insurance to be attributed to the cost in accordance with the wages fund.

4. It is necessary to resolve the issue of developing reliable financial instruments to place insurance reserves for long-term life insurance.

5. The ratio of state and non-state, compulsory and voluntary, market and non-market, distributive and accumulative types of insurance. We need serious educational and educational work among the population, civil servants and employers. It is necessary to coordinate the activities of ministries and government agencies the insurance community for the development of insurance in general and personal insurance in particular.

By developing personal insurance, the state solves a set of interrelated tasks:

reduces tax burden to enterprises;
reduces the expenditure side of the state budget;
contributes to the creation of a socially stable society;
receives long-term investment resources.

Each of us, regardless of material security, gender, social status, risks our lives every day, getting behind the wheel of a car, crossing the road, buying food, including a gas stove or relaxing on a pond.

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Insurance of this kind does not guarantee a person the preservation of his life, but it helps to save money capital to the onset of the agreed case. It is aimed at protecting the financial interests of the beneficiaries in the event of the death of the insured person.

What it is

Life insurance is a type of compulsory and voluntary non-property insurance, the object of which is a person's life and his property interests.

Life insurance refers to mandatory types... The state obliges employers to insure their employees in case of death or disability.

To this end, they pay monthly installments extrabudgetary funds... The risks of occupational death and disability are related to those on the basis of which life insurance is carried out.

One of the main risks that a person is exposed to during his “working life” is the risk of being left without material support in old age.

This is why employers pay contributions to. Separate categories workers endanger their health every day.

For example, doctors risk their professional activity contract incurable infectious diseases, the consequences of which are death. Their employers are required to pay contributions to the Compulsory Health Insurance Fund.

Life insurance is non-property insurance. The object of insurance is the life of a specific person and the property interest acquired during it.

Property interest is associated with the risk of death, therefore, in general, this type of insurance is not positioned as property insurance.

Scheme: forms of life insurance.

For example, a person under a voluntary insurance contract provides himself with an additional pension in old age.

Life insurance is provided on a voluntary basis. This is due to the nature of voluntary insurance. It is always considered as an addition to the required one.

For example, payments to an employee in case of temporary loss of working capacity from the state are negligible in relation to the cost of medical and sanatorium provision.

He can additionally insure himself against the risk of disability and, upon the occurrence of an insured event, receive monetary compensation.

This kind of payment guarantees the maintenance of property interest, and as a result, the protection of the non-property insurance object.

Peculiarities

The main feature of such insurance is its object. Only life insurance provides protection against mortal risk.

Such insurance is long-term and is not issued for a period of less than 1 year. It is characterized by the presence of an accumulation period.

The term of the agreement is by default a cumulative period, unless otherwise provided by the agreement or it is not a lifetime.

The policyholder, at his discretion, chooses the regularity of making insurance premiums (year, quarter, month, half year, etc.).

The money that the policyholder pays to the insurer is in constant circulation. He invests them, due to which, by the time the insured event occurs, the premium will significantly exceed total amount by contributions.

The insurance premium can be paid in different ways. For example, in addition to the standard one-time benefit, rent payments can be negotiated. This type of insurance differs in that it is directly related to investment.

The policyholder under the contract invests in his own future or the future of beneficiaries. Like most types of long-term insurance, life insurance implements an accumulative function.

This is a deposit that provides a decent life, but unlike bank deposit cannot be picked up at any time.

What are the goals and objectives

Life insurance helps to solve a number of social and financial problems policyholders and insured persons. Social purpose life insurance - to strengthen assistance to retirees, persons who have lost their jobs or disability.

It helps to eliminate the existing disadvantages in the system of mandatory state insurance and the inadequacy of the proposed collateral through the introduction of a funded system.

The financial objectives of such insurance are based on the protection of the property interests of the insured.

The goals of a social nature are:

family protection in case of loss of the breadwinner, his death;
provision in case of temporary or permanent disability;
providing a pension in old age;
accumulation financial resources to provide support to children (for example, to buy real estate, get an education);
payment for funeral services.

Financial goals:

accumulative, related to receiving interest from investment activities and capital investment;
protection of private capital, interests of partners in the event of the death of the insured person;
protection of inheritance by paying inheritance tax from the premium, facilitating its transfer to the receiver or exemption from taxation;
increase in personal income through the use of preferential taxation and payments for life insurance.

The objectives of life insurance are:

ensuring the material well-being of the insured person;
protecting the family from the risk of losing their livelihood;
improvement the existing system compulsory insurance;
solving monetary issues related to the taxation of inheritance;
preservation of the capital of the insured person;
decrease income tax on the property of individuals;
ensuring the implementation of basic labor human rights;
reallocation of resources;
investment.

The obligation to insure life and health is not imposed by the state on a citizen (Civil Code of the Russian Federation). But he can be forced to this by a number of reasons.

Rules

The insurers are off-budget funds, insurance companies and savings organizations, depending on the type of insurance. The policyholders can be legally capable individuals and registered in the prescribed manner legal entities who enter into an agreement with the insurer.

The insured under the contract can only be individual, not less than 14 years old and not more than 100 years old, unless otherwise provided by the contract.

Legal entities and individual entrepreneurs can act as policyholders for their employees. They are also in mandatory pay contributions to government funds.

The beneficiary may be the insured himself or third parties in whose favor the agreement is drawn up.

The policy is a standard document that confirms the right to the insurance premium. The object of insurance is the property interests of the insured person associated with living up to a certain age, death.

Insured events, depending on the conditions, can be:

living up to a certain date, age;
death of the insured person for any reason;
primary diagnosis of a deadly disease;
disability for any reason;
hospitalization for any reason;
death by accident;
complete or partial permanent disability;
bodily injury as a result of an accident;
hospitalization, surgical interventions as a result of an accident;
temporary disability.

Persons are not subject to life insurance:

persons who are more than 100 years old at the time of termination of the contract;
for mixed insurance programs, the age qualification is in the range of 16-65 years;
for death insurance programs - 5-90 years;
disability insurance - depending on gender, 18-60 years old;
relatively permanent disability - 18-65 years;
on programs for the protection of insurance premiums, their exemption from taxation;
for accident insurance programs - persons from 1 to 65 years of age at the time of the expiration of the contract;

Insurers may impose additional age restrictions at their discretion.

Conditions

It is concluded on the basis of an oral or written application from the policyholder. It can be individual and collective.

Therefore, the insured person can be represented in the contract by specifying personal sheets or a list.

When concluding an agreement, the policyholder is obliged to inform all conditions regarding:

determining the degree of risk;
significant for an insurance valuation;
determination of individual properties of the insured property.

Insurance conditions can be:

information regarding the health status of the insured;
information on the degree of risk to which the insured is exposed while performing his work;
information about third parties who can cause an insured event;
information about inheritance and successors;
information regarding the beneficiaries under the contract.

The insurer assesses the degree of risk at different stages of the conclusion of the contract and even before the creation of the draft document itself.

If the insurer has not carried out a risk assessment prior to concluding the contract, it can set a waiting period. The contract cannot be concluded without indicating the risk of “death of the PL”.

What programs are there

Life insurance rules provide protection for one or more of the following programs:

mixed;
life-long;
deadline;
in case of survival and death;
credit life insurance;
according to the program by the deadline.

In addition to life insurance include:

from accidents;
regarding the protection of insurance premiums;
regarding exemption from payment of insurance premiums.

The minimum duration of any of these programs is 1 year.

Compulsory life insurance

The insurers are FPS and MHIF. The policyholders under the contract can be legal and physical, as well as individual entrepreneurs who use hired labor. Employers are required to pay monthly contributions to extra-budgetary funds.

The employee can additionally secure himself and conclude an insurance contract. According to the contract, the insured can be one subject or a list of persons subject to collective insurance.

Good afternoon dear friends! Today I would like to analyze the most popular questions about life insurance and accident insurance.

What clients most often ask:

1. What is the sum insured?
Sum insured - the amount of money, which is determined by the insurance contract, and on the basis of which the amount of the insurance premium (insurance premiums) and the amount of insurance payment are established upon the occurrence of an insured event.

2. What is an insurance premium (insurance premium)?
The insurance premium (insurance premium) is the payment for insurance that the policyholder is obliged to pay to the insurance company in the manner and within the terms established by the insurance contract.

3. What is an insurance claim?
Insurance payment- the amount of money established by the insurance contract and paid to the policyholder, the insured person or the beneficiary upon the occurrence of an insured event.

4. What is an insured event?
An insured event is an event that has occurred, provided for by an insurance contract or by law, upon the occurrence of which the insurance company is obliged to make an insurance payment to the policyholder, the insured person, the beneficiary or other third parties.

5. What is the redemption amount?
The surrender amount is the amount that is returned to the policyholder upon termination of the life insurance contract.

6. What is insurance coverage?
The set of obligations of an insurance company under an insurance contract.

7. What is insurance risk?
The insured risk is the expected event, in the event of the occurrence of which the insurance is carried out. An event considered as an insurance risk must have signs of the likelihood and randomness of its occurrence.

8. From what moment is the life insurance or accident insurance contract concluded?
The insurance contract, unless otherwise provided therein, enters into force from the moment of payment of the insurance premium or the first insurance premium.

9. How to determine the optimal premium for a life insurance contract and how should it relate to the amount of the insured amount?
The amount of the contribution, on the one hand, should provide the necessary financial protection for you and your family, and on the other, its payment should not unduly burden your family budget.

10. Is it possible to insure against an accident only for the duration of a trip, sporting events?
For travel insurance and sportsmen it is more profitable to use special programs designed for just such cases. The standard accident insurance contract is concluded for a period of 1 year.

11. Are there any restrictions on the amount of insurance coverage under life and accident insurance contracts?
For life and accident insurance, the amount insured depends only on the amount of insurance premiums. Sometimes insurance companies limit the amount of insurance premiums, taking into account annual income the insured.

In life insurance, the amount of the insured amount for the risks included in the insurance contract is established by agreement between the policyholder and the insurer. However, the contract may provide for certain restrictions on the minimum and maximum size insurance amounts.

12. If the accident insurance policy is valid only during working hours, how is this time determined?
Working time is the time of performance of official duties. It is determined in accordance with Labor Code Russia and the internal labor regulations of the enterprise.

13. Can there be multiple beneficiaries in a life insurance contract?
Several beneficiaries can be appointed under the insurance contract. In the event of an insured event, the payment is made to the beneficiaries in equal shares, or in another proportion, in accordance with the terms of insurance.

14. If the beneficiary is not specified in the insurance contract, who will receive the insurance benefit in the event of the death of the insured?
If the beneficiary is not specified in the insurance contract, the heirs of the insured receive the insurance benefit in connection with the death of the insured person.

15. How long does it take to notify the insurance company about the occurrence of an insured event under a life insurance and accident insurance contract?
According to the terms of the insurance contract, it is necessary to notify the insurance company within 30 days from the moment when it became known about the occurrence of the insurance contract.

16. How quickly is the insurance payment made in the event of an insured event?
Usually, the insurance payment is made within 5 working days from the day the insurer receives all the necessary documents and draws up the insurance act.

17. Is it possible to terminate a life insurance contract for one reason or another?
The policyholder can terminate the life insurance contract by contacting the insurance company with a corresponding statement.

18. If I want to terminate my life insurance contract, can I get my money back?
By terminating a life insurance contract, you receive a surrender amount in accordance with the terms of the contract. Depending on the terms of the policy and the term of the agreement, the redemption amount may be less than the amount of payments made, since part of the contributions of the savings programs are spent on financing the risk of death and administering the policy.

19. Is it possible to change the terms of life insurance without terminating the contract?
Most insurance companies allow, at the request of the client, to change the amount of the insured amount, the set of risks and the frequency of payment of premiums.

20. If I can no longer pay for life insurance, do I have to terminate the contract?
If you cannot continue to pay premiums for insurance, but do not want to terminate the contract, you can transfer it to the "paid" status. The policy will be valid until the end of the period specified in the insurance contract, but the insured amount is recalculated taking into account the contributions you made. Only insurance coverage for the risk of "death for any reason" is necessarily retained, protection for additional risks in such cases, as a rule, ceases to be valid.

However, transfer to the "fully paid" status is possible, provided that the redemption amount is this moment above the established limit, thus, a sufficient reserve has been formed to terminate the payment of insurance premiums.

21. What if I have financial problems and cannot pay premiums under the life insurance contract for some time?
Almost all life insurance contracts provide for a grace period during which insurance coverage continues to operate, despite the delay in payment of the policy. The grace period is usually 1-2 months.

In addition, you can reduce the amount of insurance fees, while maintaining protection against all risks, if you change the frequency of contributions: for example, if you paid contributions annually, you can switch to a half-year installment plan.

You can leave the same frequency of insurance payment, but reduce the premium, while also maintaining protection against all risks by reducing the insured amount.

The third option to reduce insurance costs is to abandon some of the risks accounted for in the life insurance contract. Due to this, the amount of the insurance premium will decrease, but the amount of the insured amount will remain unchanged.

22. The grace period for insurance allows you to postpone the payment of the next installment under the life insurance contract. Can I use it once for the entire period of the contract, or can there be several such grace periods?
The client has the right to use this opportunity when paying any regular installment, without restrictions, regardless of the frequency of payment of installments.

However, upon the occurrence of an insured event within grace period insurance payment will be made minus the overdue insurance premium.

23. Under a life insurance contract, are payments made for bodily injuries received outside the territory of Russia?
Yes, unless otherwise provided by the terms of the contract. Most often, a life insurance contract provides insurance coverage around the world, except for countries that do not fall under standard risks.

24. What documents are required to receive an insurance claim under a life insurance or accident insurance contract, if damage to health was caused during your stay outside the territory of Russia?
A standard package of documents: an application for an insurance payment, a certificate from the medical institution to which the client first applied, translated into Russian and notarized, a passport, an insurance policy.

25. Under a life insurance contract, will an insurance payment be made for harm caused to health as a result of a terrorist attack?
Yes, of course, such a payment will be made.

26. If the term of the life insurance contract for children has expired, and the child has not yet reached the age of majority, can his legal representative receive the payment?
Until the child reaches the age of 14, the contributions made in his name are managed by legal representatives. According to article 26 Civil Code RF, when a child reaches the age of 14, he can partially dispose of the deposits opened in his name, but only with the consent of the legal representative.

There is another option: contact the bank to open an account to which the insurance payment will be transferred, thus, it will be possible to dispose of the money by the child himself when he comes of age.

27. What is the difference between endowment life insurance and other ways of saving?
Only accumulative life insurance combines the function of accumulation and financial protection at the same time. The insurance company takes responsibility for the life and health of the insured person from the moment of commencement of the contract.

Due to the conservative nature of investments, endowment insurance ensures income stability, but if capital growth is in the foreground, it is worth looking for other mechanisms.

If you think about long-term financial planning life insurance is becoming very profitable option... Endowment life insurance provides a person with a solid financial foundation.

28. If an insured event occurs under the endowment life insurance contract, as a result of which I will be exempted from paying premiums, for example, assignment of I group of disability, will I continue to accrue investment income after that?
In accordance with the terms of the insurance contract, from the third year until the end of the contract (with the exception of programs with annuity payments), investment income will be charged without fail, even if there is an exemption from the payment of insurance premiums in connection with the establishment of the insured group of I or II disability.

29. If I cannot continue to pay the agreed premiums under the endowment life insurance contract and, in order not to terminate the contract, agree to a decrease in the insured amount, will I continue to accrue investment income?
In the event of a reduction in the sum insured under endowment insurance contracts, investment income is accrued if by the time of depositing financial changes more than three years have passed. If less than three years have passed, the insurance company reserves the right to postpone the accrual of investment income.

30. What liability is provided for deliberate harm to one's health in order to receive an insurance payment under a life insurance or accident insurance contract?
According to article 963 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, an insurance company is exempt from payment insurance compensation or the sum insured, if the insured event occurred due to the intent of the policyholder, beneficiary or insured person.

All suspicious cases are necessarily investigated by the internal security service of the insurance company and, if there are grounds, a criminal case is initiated. Deliberate actions of the policyholder, the insured person or the beneficiary, aimed at the occurrence of an insured event and obtaining insurance compensation, are regarded as fraudulent under Russian law. For the commission of such actions, criminal liability is provided for under Article 159 of the Criminal Code of Russia

If you have any questions, write in the comments, we will be happy to answer.

Life insurance contracts are concluded for a period of at least 1 year.

Life insurance forms:

1. On the subject of insurance:

· death insurance,

· survival insurance,

· mixed insurance (death and survival).

2. By the period of validity of insurance coverage:

· life insurance (for the entire life of the insured),

· for a certain period of time.

3. Taking into account the dependence on the order of payment of insurance premiums:

· contracts with a one-time (one-time premium),

· contracts with periodic premiums.

4. By type of insurance payments:

· insurance with a lump sum payment of the sum insured,

· insurance with payment of annuity.

5. According to the form of the conclusion of the contract:

· individual insurance,

· collective insurance.

The term of life insurance is determined by the duration of the insurance contract and is established by agreement of the parties to the contract, but must not be less than one year.

In insurance practice, there are 3 basic types of life insurance, which have significant differences according to the most important criteria.

Term life insurance - ϶ᴛᴏ death insurance for a certain period. In exchange for the payment of insurance premiums, the insurer undertakes to pay the sum insured in the event of the death of the insured during the term of the contract.

The insurance contract is concluded for a certain period of time (one year, five, ten years), and the sum insured is paid to the beneficiary only in the event of the death of the insured during the term of the contract.

Term life insurance offers the highest insurance guarantees against death at the lowest insurance premiums. It has the main purpose of protecting the family and heirs in the event of the premature death of the insured. The awards are periodic. The contract is mainly for the age of the insured up to 65-70 years (sometimes 75). Persons suffering from mental disorders, severe forms of oncological, cardiovascular diseases are not accepted for life insurance.

Life insurance - ϶ᴛᴏ life insurance in the event of death throughout the life of the insured after the conclusion of the insurance contract, whenever it occurs. In exchange for the payment of premiums, the insurer undertakes to pay the sum insured in the event of the death of the insured, whenever it occurs.

The probability of the occurrence of an insured event is 1, and the insurer's risk is only when the insured event will occur and what amount of insurance premiums and investment income it will have time to accumulate in a reserve for this type of contract.

Life insurance has the main goal of the most complete provision of the heirs, taking into account the maximum possible benefits by inheritance sums of money... The term of the agreement is unlimited. Insurance premiums are periodic or one-time.

The policyholder is exempt from paying periodic premiums after reaching the age of 75-80. Insurance payment in the form of a lump sum or annuity.

Mixed life insurance - ϶ᴛᴏ insurance for both death and survival for a certain period of time. In this case, the insurer undertakes to pay the insured amount both in the event of the death of the insured, if it occurs before the expiration of the contract, and after the expiration of the contract at the specified time, if the insured remains alive.

Mixed insurance provides the insured with the most complete coverage, covering simultaneously two opposite insurance risks. The awards are both periodic and one-time. Mixed insurance contracts are the most profitable for the purpose of creating savings, but with low guarantees compared to other contracts in the event of death. Payment of the sum insured must be one-off or in the form of an annuity.

Life insurance contracts are concluded for a period of at least 1 year. - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "Life insurance contracts are concluded for a period of at least 1 year." 2017, 2018.

Life insurance is quite common in many civilized countries. Many citizens apply to this service voluntarily, regularly pay contributions, insure themselves, children, property, etc.

This is not accepted in Russia, the residents of our country are distrustful of the provision of such a service by insurance companies. With us, voluntary insurance is considered the lot of the rich. Of their own free will, Russians rarely insure themselves. Basically, it is a mandatory clause in any contract: for employment (the organization provides the employee), credit, in case of hazardous production, when registering a car, etc.

It will be very successful if nothing happens to a person in his entire life, there will be no accidents, he will calmly live his old age in the circle of relatives and accumulate a decent amount money to leave to your loved ones. But we all know perfectly well that life is unpredictable. It so happens that, having a family, a job, a home loan, a person gets into an accident, gets serious injuries and loses his ability to work, albeit for a while. In the absence of spare capital, the situation will be disastrous. But if certain risks were foreseen, the insured person will be paid a compensation amount that can be used for treatment, rehabilitation or funeral.

When this document is drawn up

The domestic financial market provides insurance services the population. Life insurance provides for the design policy and contract. Most insurance firms consider insured event not only the death of an individual, but also an accident and illness of the client.

The policyholder is obliged to pay certain amounts as monthly installments... These contributions can be regular, or you can agree on a one-time contribution. Upon the occurrence of an insured event, the company undertakes to pay savings with possible interest at one time, or it can be agreed to pay money regularly, after a certain period of time before or after a certain moment, or for life.

To understand the essence and procedure for drawing up an insurance contract, you first need to understand basic terms and actors:

V Russian legislation the procedure for the formation of contracts of this type is regulated.

The document drawn up for life insurance of an individual must comply with the following requirements:

an indication of all the details of the parties to the transaction and the terms of this agreement;
listing of all insurance risks for which cash payments are provided;
decoding of force majeure;
determination of the sum insured, which the company undertakes to reimburse in the event of an insured event;
signatures of the parties to the transaction.

The signed agreement is accompanied by the issuance of a special policy, which serves as confirmation of the transaction. After the procedure, the policyholder is obliged to pay insurance premiums, the amount and date of receipt of which is spelled out in this contract.

There are several precedents when life insurance may be required natural person:

lending (in particular) - banks themselves conclude an agreement with an insurance company, entering the borrower's details there;
hazardous production - the employer insures his employee and undertakes to pay his family full cost contract upon the occurrence of an insured event;
car insurance - the state obliges the owner to conclude a life insurance contract upon registration; insured events, as a rule, are related to car accidents;
traveling abroad - traveling outside your country involves temporary life insurance of a citizen for the duration of his stay in another country.

Varieties

This service can be classified in different ways, depending on many factors. Each form provides for its own characteristics of a certain kind.

So, according to the main criteria, the following are distinguished types of life insurance contracts:

These criteria determine the specifics of life insurance contracts, and the main three basic types differ by the period of conclusion of the contract:

Lifetime - insurance is paid at once or in equal installments to the beneficiary upon the death of the insured person.
Urgent - periodic payments in favor of the beneficiary upon the occurrence of an insured event before the period specified in the contract.
Mixed - the insurance can be reimbursed in the event of the death of the insured during the term of the contract and if he remains alive after the expiration date.

In addition to these types, there are also contracts voluntary and compulsory life insurance... The first type provides for the desire of the insured, on his own initiative, to foresee certain risks and to protect himself and his loved ones from financial problems in the event of his own death. As for another type of insurance, here an individual is obliged to conclude such an agreement (the creditor bank, the state when issuing an OSAGO policy, CASCO, etc., the employer when accepting a citizen for hazardous work, etc.).

Also on financial market exists in the Russian Federation. It means the conclusion of an agreement on accumulative insurance, that is, from the moment of the conclusion of the transaction with the insurance company, the policyholder periodically (monthly, quarterly, annually, etc.) pays insurance premiums. Their amount is fixed in a specific clause of the contract, and upon completion of its validity, the insurer's income from financial transactions in favor of the beneficiary. So it's pretty lucrative passive income(up to 12% per annum), and it is allowed partial withdrawal funds from the account until the end of the contract.

It turns out that the most important points in any life insurance contract are the object (the one who is insured), the subject (the one who gets the insurance amount) and the term (the period of validity of this contract). The rest of the factors can be considered additional, but they significantly affect the cost of the services provided and the total amount of payment in the event of the death of the insurance object.

Termination procedure

The Civil Code of the Russian Federation, or rather Article 958, allows insured citizens to terminate the contract with the insurer.

Here financial losses are inevitable, but they can be reduced by taking into account some important nuances.

The contract is terminated for three reasons:

According to the federal legislation of the Russian Federation, termination life insurance contract ahead of time possible in case:

an incident that does not fall under the concept of insurance risk;
changes in circumstances in the life of nat. persons (dismissal from hazardous work, termination of travel abroad, sales vehicle etc.).

If the contract was terminated at the initiative of the policyholder, the redemption amount will not be refunded to him.

Often, life insurance is imposed on the client by the state or the creditor bank, and after some time, the person realizes the inexpediency of this decision. Unfortunately, nowhere in the legislation is there a prescription that determines a fixed amount of payments, it is determined by the insurer and is prescribed in the contract.

When contacting the company, the client must have with you passport and draw up an application for termination of the life insurance contract. It should contain the name of the organization providing insurance services, the full name of the insured person, an indication of the previously signed contract, the request itself and the details (date, signature). The petition may express a desire to terminate the transaction or pay insurance premiums.

Termination of the insurance contract when applying for a loan at a bank suggests the following nuances:

The mortgage provides compulsory insurance the borrower in the first year of operation loan agreement, and then this service paid voluntarily.
In case of cancellation of own life insurance upon payment mortgage loan usually 1% is added to the cost of the product.
Early repayment of any loan means the end of the insurance contract with compensation for the remaining period.
The insurance premium is paid over a three week period.

Termination of an agreement OSAGO occurs in the presence of one of the three specified cases:

A vehicle bought on credit has been sold to someone. The borrower draws up an application, attaches his passport data, a copy of the policy and a paid receipt to it.
The car cannot be restored after an accident. To the specified list of documents, you must attach a certificate from the traffic police to confirm the fact of the accident and a paper from the service station about the impossibility of restoring the car.
Bankruptcy of an insurance company.

Procedure for calculating the surrender amount

The redemption amount is the money intended to be paid by the company to the policyholder upon termination of the life insurance contract.

It consists of the reserve paid by the policyholder as regular insurance premiums and the accumulated investment funds. The insurer deducts a share of the premiums, which he is ready to return as the redemption amount, and he is obliged to pay the investment in full. However, due to the fact that some of the savings are in circulation, the applicant will have to wait.

Since one of the parties decided to interrupt mutual obligations on its own initiative, it is she who will incur some losses. That is, the entire accumulated premium reserve is subject to payment minus the penalty for early termination of the life insurance contract. The redemption value is formed after two years of the contract, and it increases every year. When the insurance period expires, the redemption amount will be equal to the value of the entire insurance.

As a rule, the contract contains a guaranteed amount of payment in this case, but the insurer will still have to recalculate redemption value insurance at the time of the client's request. The amount paid will fluctuate depending on the current market conditions and interest rates... Various bonuses, if any, are also taken into account.

Obtaining a tax deduction

Tax legislation provides for payment to citizens for life insurance expenses. The sum of all taxes paid for the year can be refunded, and this scheme can be carried out for three consecutive years, if the total amount tax deduction for insurance exceeds the annual payments to the budget.

Taking advantage of the possibility of a tax deduction for life insurance, you can receive a tax relief or receive a lump sum payment that compensates for part of the funds. This procedure is only possible with long-term provision of the service.

Deduction compensate if life is insured:

Mandatory conditions:

The duration of the contract is at least 5 years.
The insured must be a citizen of the Russian Federation.
Regular receipts only from your own wallet.
Official employment and regular payment.

Taxpayers have the right to count on monetary compensation for the cost of a life insurance contract when registering a mortgage.

Deduction amount for each reporting period should not be higher than 120,000 rubles, the balance of the payment is carried over to the next year.

Per last years the number of concluded life insurance contracts, including voluntary ones, has significantly increased in the country. Citizens are aware that this is quite profitable way monetary investments, which also provides social guarantees to the insured person and his relatives in case of any emergency.

The rules for terminating life insurance contracts are described in the following video: