What is integration? International economic integration. Integration processes What are integration links

economic, newest form internationalization of economic life, expressed under capitalism in the form of an organic combination of two factors - the mutual interweaving of private monopolies of different countries and the implementation of a coordinated state-monopoly policy in mutual economic relations and in relations with third countries. I. is an objective process due to the development of productive forces, one of the directions of the internationalization of the economy, as a result of the development of productive forces. “... The entire economic, political and spiritual life of mankind,” wrote V. I. Lenin, “is becoming more and more internationalized already under capitalism. Socialism completely internationalizes it” (Poln. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vol. 23, p. 318). The deep basis of I. is determined by the increase in the size of enterprises and their incompatibility with the limited size of domestic markets (especially small countries), the advantages of the international division of labor, and the need for its stable, regular nature.

In bourgeois political economy, the objective nature of the I. process is often interpreted as one of the factors in the convergence of socialism and capitalism (see Convergence Theory). This interpretation has no scientific basis. In reality, the integration processes taking place both in relations between socialist countries and in capitalist countries are fundamentally different in nature and act as one of the factors in the confrontation between socialism and capitalism.

I. capitalist - interstate associations formed after the 2nd World War of 1939-45 in the process of state-monopoly regulation of the economy. Under modern conditions, capitalist investment represents a new stage of cooperation between the monopolies of different countries in the process of economic expansion and in the struggle to seize and redistribute sales markets. It develops in the form of regional economic blocs and groupings of states, covering individual sections of the capitalist world and in complex antagonistic relations with each other and with its non-integrated parts. Capitalist ideology arises from the operation of the law of the uneven economic and political development of capitalism (see Uneven Economic and Political Development of Capitalism in the Era of Imperialism). One of the aspects of the operation of this law is expressed in the fact that, other things being equal, imperialist countries with a large population have the advantages associated with a larger capacity domestic market which contributes to the optimality of enterprises and their greater competitiveness. In this regard, the monopolies of the countries of Western Europe were in a worse position than those of North America. Here, the need to expand markets beyond national borders, generated by the transition to mass and large-scale production, and the elimination of national economic barriers that prevented the formation of large economic complexes, had a special effect. The political situation in Western Europe that developed after World War II was the most important factor that contributed to it: the collapse of plans for its unification through imperialist aggression, the victory of socialism in a number of countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and the disintegration of the colonial system of imperialism. All this determined the special role of Western Europe as the homeland and main arena of industrialization. The first practical step in industrialization was the creation in 1951 by France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg of the European Coal and Steel Community. the second decisive step was the conclusion in 1957 of the Rome Treaty on the formation by the same countries of the European Economic Community (See European Economic Community) (EEC) - the "Common Market" and at the same time the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom). Although the Treaty of Rome was drawn up under the motto of "liberalization" economic relations member countries, the goal of the EEC is not to weaken state intervention in economic life, but an attempt to transform this intervention based on a combination of national and supranational means of regulating the economy.

India from the very beginning followed the path of collective autarkism—the creation of closed economic blocs as new forms of struggle for the division and redistribution of markets. In 1960, in opposition to the EEC, the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) was created under the auspices of Great Britain.

Western European I. contributed to the strengthening of international economic ties imperialist countries as a whole and within integration associations. With an intensive growth in the volume of foreign trade as a whole, the share of mutual trade of the EEC countries increased by the beginning of 1970 by more than 6.3 times compared with 1958. On the basis of the expansion of markets, the centralization of production and capital intensified, which, in turn, prompted the migration of capital both within EEC, and in particular from third countries, primarily from the USA. The emergence of state integration groupings contributed to the further development of private exports of capital from some imperialist countries to others (for example, from the USA to Canada, Australia, etc.), the rapid growth of inter- and multinational companies (see Export of Capital), as one of important elements of the integration process.

At the same time, in the course of capitalist ideology, the old contradictions become more acute and new contradictions arise. Since the interests of the monopolies of individual countries very often run counter to the program of economic I., discussions on political I., i.e., on the creation of unified political bodies with the transfer to them of the sovereign rights of national bodies, are resumed from time to time. The lack of progress in this area reflects the incompatibility of the interests of the participating countries in many directions. Even more obvious are the contradictions between the EEC and EFTA. Relations between the US and the EEC are characterized by constant attempts by American monopolies to infiltrate the expanded European capital market and overcome the common customs wall created by the EEC against third countries. In these attempts, the role of the vanguard of the United States is played by Great Britain, which, together with Denmark and Ireland, has been a member of the EEC since January 1, 1973, which was resisted by some member countries of the EEC, whose ruling circles feared a violation of the existing balance of power to the detriment of their interests. Deep conflicts of interest both between the integration groupings and countries outside them, and within the integration groupings were revealed in connection with the deepening of the currency crisis of 1970-72.

Western European intelligence has accelerated integration trends in some other parts of the capitalist world, especially in the developing countries, where there are a number of groupings that are superficially similar to Western European ones. These are: in Latin America Central American Common Market [(CACM) Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador (since 1960), Costa Rica (since 1962)], Latin American Free Trade Association [(LAST) Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay ( since 1960), Ecuador and Colombia (since 1961), Venezuela (since 1966), Bolivia (since 1967)]. In Africa in 1965, at a conference of West African countries - Ghana, Liberia, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo - it was decided to create an intergovernmental organization for the coordination economic development. In 1966, an agreement on the Customs and Economic Union of Central Africa (Cameroon, the People's Republic of the Congo, Chad, the Central African Republic, and Gabon) came into force. In 1965, the agreement on the Arab common market (Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Syria, Kuwait, YAR, and others) came into force. In June 1967, an agreement was signed on the formation of the East African Community (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda). The direction and activities of all these and other similar organizations depend to an enormous extent on the balance of social, class and political forces both within the respective countries and on an international scale. Although some of these associations are temporarily dominated by pro-imperialist, neo-colonialist forces, on the whole their emergence is a progressive fact.

Lit.: International Conference of Communist and Workers' Parties. Documents and materials, M., 1969, p. 285-330; On imperialist integration in Western Europe (" Common Market"). Abstracts of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, " World economy and international relationships", 1962, No. 9 (appendix); Western Europe: workers against monopolies, M., 1965; Economic groupings in Western Europe, M., 1969; Political Economy modern monopoly capitalism, v. 2, M., 1970; Maksimova M. M., Main problems of imperialist integration, M., 1971; Alampiev P. M., Bogomolov O. T., Shiryaev Yu. S., Economic integration is an objective need for the development of world socialism, M., 1971; Inozemtsev N. N., Modern capitalism: new phenomena and contradictions, M., 1972, p. 95-134.

Ya. A. Pevzner.

the process of streamlining, coordinating and combining structures and functions in an integral organism, characteristic of living systems at each of the levels of their organization. The concept of "I." introduced by the English scientist G. Spencer (1857), linking it with differentiation (See Differentiation) tissues in the process of evolution and specialization of the functions of initially homogeneous, diffusely reacting living matter. Examples of I. at the molecular level of organization: I. amino acids in a complex protein molecule, I. nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule; at the cellular level - the formation of the cell nucleus, self-reproduction of cells as a whole. In a multicellular organism And. reaches top level, expressed in the processes of its ontogeny; at the same time, the interconnection of the parts and functions of the organism increases with progressive evolution; the system of correlations becomes more complicated, regulatory mechanisms are created that ensure the stability and integrity of the developing organism. At the level of communities—populations, species, and biocenoses—influence manifests itself in the complex and interdependent evolution of these biological systems. The degree of I. can serve as an indicator of the level of progressive development of any living system.

In physiology, I. is a functional association of particular physiological mechanisms into a complexly coordinated adaptive activity of an integral organism. The elementary unit of an I. is a functional system, a dynamic association of central-peripheral formations that ensures self-regulation of a specific function. The principles of physiological I. were revealed (1906) by the English physiologist C. Sherrington, using the example of coordination of the reflex activity of the spinal cord (convergence, reciprocity, a common final path, etc.). These principles operate at all levels of the nervous system, including the cerebral cortex. The highest manifestation of physiological I. is a conditioned reflex (see Conditioned reflexes), in which mental, somatic, and vegetative components are combined in the implementation of a holistic adaptive activity of the body.

Lit.: Shmalgauzen II, Integration of biological systems and their self-regulation, Bull. Moscow Society of Naturalists. Biological Department, 1961, vol. 66, c. 2, p. 104-34; Anokhin P.K., Biology and neurophysiology of the conditioned reflex, M., 1968.

I. V. Orlov, A. V. Yablokov.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .

Antonyms:

See what "Integration" is in other dictionaries:

Cultural state ext. integrity of culture and consistency between decomp. its elements, as well as the process, the result of which is such mutual agreement. The term "I.k.", used mainly in Amer. cultural ... ... Encyclopedia of cultural studies

Integration: Wiktionary has an entry for "integration"

- (lat.). The combination into one whole of what previously existed in a scattered form, followed by differentiation, that is, a gradual increase in the difference between the originally homogeneous parts. From integration followed by differentiation… … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

- (from lat. integer whole) association of economic entities, deepening of their interaction, development of ties between them. Economic integration takes place both at the level of national economies of entire countries, and between enterprises, firms, ... ... Economic dictionary

- (lat. integratio restoration, replenishment, from integer whole), the side of the development process associated with the unification of previously heterogeneous parts and elements into a whole. I. processes can take place both within the framework of an already established system in this ... ... Philosophical Encyclopedia

integration- and, well. integration f. , lat. integratio. 1. Combining into a whole what l. parts. ALS 1. The process of integration and disintegration. OD 1873 2 2 232. How strong are the foundations on which the integration of the community was accomplished earlier. OZ 1878 5 1 120. 2.… … Historical Dictionary of Gallicisms of the Russian Language

- (Latin integratio restoration, replenishment, from integer whole), a concept meaning the state of connectedness of individual differentiable parts and functions of the system into a whole, as well as the process leading to such a state (for example, integration in science ... Modern Encyclopedia

Integration, union, connection, merger; fusion Dictionary of Russian synonyms. integration, see association 3 Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M.: Russian language. Z. E. Alexandrova ... Synonym dictionary

UDC 330.190.2

INTEGRATION RELATIONS OF BUSINESS SUBJECTS AT THE MESO LEVEL

© Svetlana Vyacheslavovna POZDNYAKOVA

Tambov State University them. G.R. Derzhavina, Tambov, Russian Federation, Assistant of the Department of Taxes and Taxation, e-mail: [email protected]

The article presents an interpretation of the category "integration", the prerequisites of which are the desire to improve the quality of management and eliminate inefficiencies, the desire to reduce tax burden, the possibility of diversifying production and using excess resources, the desire to increase the political weight of the company's management and the personal motives of managers. The integration of the mesolevel is considered, the categories "integration process", "integration links", types and forms of integration are defined. The complexity of integration links designed to establish a strong interdependence between enterprises is described, thereby creating a powerful reserve for strengthening industrial potential, which determines the future development of the industry.

Key words: big business; small business; regional level; entrepreneurship; integration; integration links; integration process.

Structure modern society is a system that includes the public sector of the economy, large, small and medium-sized enterprises that interact and complement each other. The nature of such interaction is determined by clearly expressed global integration trends, which are also reflected in the economy of the mesolevel.

Small businesses developed countries successfully interact with representatives big business who consider them as strategic partners. These include industrial, trade, construction, transport, as well as scientific, technical and service corporations that use franchising in their activities, venture financing and leasing. In modern world practice, small and medium-sized enterprises, while maintaining their economic and legal independence, are organically part of large corporations, which often initiate the formation of small enterprises themselves, especially in new scientific and technological areas, providing them with comprehensive support. In the context of the past crisis, the unification of small and large businesses has become one of the ways to maintain their positions in the market, since by combining the advantages and establishing effective integration ties, one can obtain a stable and efficiently functioning mesostructure.

At present, there are significant disproportions between large and small businesses in Russia, despite the fact that their interaction is based not only on mutual interests, but also on common goals. Such an irrational, from the standpoint of world practice, correlation between large, medium and small enterprises, which is characteristic of all industries and territorial and economic formations (regions) of the Russian economy, has its historical roots. In the Soviet planned economy Priority was given to large industrial and agricultural enterprises, which were given directives on production volumes and the range of products produced. In a market economy, demand determines many things - volumes, assortment, quality, and at the same time, the integral efficiency of the production of goods and services (costs, quality, updating the assortment, etc.), their delivery to consumers largely depends on the relationship between small and large businesses. Therefore, in the structure of the national economies of developed countries, the share of small and medium-sized enterprises is constantly increasing, the mechanisms of their interaction with large corporations are being improved, which are forced to adequately respond to the global differentiation of markets and the increasing individualization of consumer demand in the era of post-industrial innovative development. Efficient use of the resource potential of the national eco-

nomics, as well as its individual regional and industrial sectors, also depends on the rational ratio of the number of large and small enterprises.

Authorities play a special role in establishing interaction between large and small businesses at the mesolevel. state power, which provide benefits to small businesses, making it attractive to large and medium-sized businesses, since placing orders with small enterprises reduces production costs. It is the state that can stimulate large firms, giving preference in the distribution of the state order to those that will fulfill it with the involvement of small businesses, since most small enterprises in the manufacturing sector cannot work stably without orders from large and medium-sized enterprises. In all countries with a market economy, each large manufacturing company cooperates with dozens and even hundreds of small enterprises, while cooperation between small and large businesses is mainly carried out according to industry and territorial characteristics in the system of legal and regulatory coordinates of a particular region.

Achieving mutual compliance of these business areas largely depends on regional authorities and non-governmental organizations (unions, associations, etc.), coordinating the work of individual groups of large, medium and small enterprises, since in Russian conditions the interaction of large and small businesses is extremely important for the transition of the economy on an innovative path of development, which requires constant contacts between the participants in the innovation process, which make it possible to adjust scientific research, development and production processes, as well as with regional power structures. Such interaction has its own characteristics, due to corporate interests, which ensure the innovative integration of any organization, regardless of their size.

The American researcher of the network society M. Castells notes that in the conditions of transition economic system from

From the industrial type of development to the information one, “the crisis of a large corporation and the high viability of small and medium-sized firms as agents of innovation and sources of creating new jobs” is manifested, there is a redistribution of economic power and technological capabilities from large corporations to medium and small firms. Small and medium-sized businesses more effectively master advanced technologies and successfully use information about all kinds of innovative developments. Small-scale entities are “closer” to the end consumer, show greater flexibility and adaptability to market requirements, adapt their production program faster, take into account growing demand as much as possible, respond more quickly to structural changes in the economy, as well as small enterprises, due to the flexibility of organizational forms are more actively occupying free niches in the market and succeed in areas in which large enterprises and corporate entities are ineffective.

In the context of innovative development, the institutionalization of sustainable interaction between all participants in the scientific, technical and industrial spheres through the development of a single innovative infrastructure that ensures the effective use of the national scientific and technological potentials accumulated by different-scale business entities is of paramount importance. This fact is explained by the fact that market reforms in the Russian economy will be socially justified only on the condition that they really contribute to the creation of a competitive mechanism in the sphere of innovation activity that is strategically important for the national economy, since the constancy of innovative changes becomes a priority process of the economic development of modern society.

The innovative economy is directed, first of all, to the realization of the potential of large-scale production as having the advantage over small and medium-sized entities of the ability to attract innovation-oriented

investments (both domestic and foreign), however, confirmed by theory and practice, its innovative qualities significantly increasing in the process of interaction with small business actualize the problem of institutional support for the associated activities of large and small businesses.

“At the same time, it is true that small and medium-sized enterprises appear to be forms of organization well adapted to flexible production system information economy, but also that their renewed dynamism falls under the control of large corporations that remain in the center economic structure new global economy. In reality, we are not witnessing the demise of large and powerful corporations, but the crisis of the traditional corporate organizational model based on vertical integration and hierarchical functional management of a linear-hardware ("staff and line") system of a strict technical and social division of labor in the firm.

Of particular relevance is the promotion and substantiation of the concept of a multifactorial mechanism of macro- and microeconomic stimulation of the innovation process occurring within the boundaries of the integrated interaction of small and large enterprises. In such conditions, the innovative activity of the joint goal-oriented functioning of different-scale subjects of economic activity turns into a decisive condition not only for the economic growth of interacting entities, but also in essence, - economic growth all regional (and national) production.

In fact, integration is an interweaving, merging of individual business structures. The concept of "integration" is relatively new; it arose in the 1920s. XX century, its founders were German scientists R. Schmed, H. Kelsen and D. Schindler. The term "integration" (integrace - Latin) means a certain integrity, structure, improvement. Modern literature presents a significant number of scientific papers that give an ambiguous interpretation of the terms "integration", "integration process", "integration

rational connections”. It should be noted that economic integration is presented both at the level of national economies of entire countries, and between enterprises, firms, companies, corporations. Economic integration is manifested in the expansion and deepening of production and technological

ties, sharing resources, pooling capital, creating favorable conditions for each other to carry out economic activities, removing mutual barriers. The interpretation of integration by M. Kaplan is more than simple: integration, in his opinion, takes place when two or more units are combined into a whole, as well as “when one system absorbs others” .

Guided by the definition of the modern economic dictionary, one can interpret integration as "unification of economic entities, deepening their interaction, development of ties between them" . Depending on the subjects involved in the integration process, the following levels of integration should be distinguished: intraregional integration, interregional integration, interstate integration.

Integration ties, in turn, are designed to establish a strong interdependence between enterprises, thereby creating a powerful reserve for strengthening industrial potential, which determines the future development of the industry. The prerequisites for integration are the desire to improve the quality of management and eliminate inefficiencies, the desire to reduce the tax burden, the possibility of diversifying production and using excess resources, the desire to increase the political weight of the company's management and the personal motives of managers. Also, the purpose of mergers and acquisitions is to increase the capitalized value of the combined company.

V modern Russia processes of disintegration give way to networking, interaction, unification and integration. And this process is inevitable, although it has a certain chaotic character. To reach a civilized level, a deep theoretical study and accumulation of practical experience is necessary, which is still fragmented, but necessary in the light of

seeking new opportunities for innovative development.

In the course of economic integration, the processes of reproduction, scientific cooperation, and the formation of close economic, scientific, industrial and trade ties take place. Integration is manifested both in the expansion and deepening of production and technical ties, the sharing of resources, the pooling of capital, and in the creation of favorable conditions for each other to carry out economic activities, the removal of mutual barriers. In the regional aspect, the features of integration processes are traced. The regions form the basic basis and potential of these processes, since it is here that entrepreneurial structures are registered, carry out their activities and develop. Therefore, integration has as its starting point the regional environment, where the resources and potential of entrepreneurial structures are concentrated.

Integration at the mesolevel allows enterprises to achieve and maintain certain positions in the market by solving a number of tasks:

Consolidation of resources - intellectual, technological, financial, marketing - to achieve a synergistic effect and diversify activities;

Organization of the technological process, corporate governance, promotion and support of goods to achieve maximum savings and increase business profitability;

Minimization of commercial risks by obtaining guaranteed access to target markets.

As integration we define the processes of unification by the subjects of market relations of assets with or without the formation of a new firm.

In this case, the integration process includes: 1) market circulation of goods, services, money supply(such integration is called superficial); 2) production - (deep integration); 3) the scope of decision-making at the level of firms, business associations. The complexity of integration ties lies in the difference in

the interests of the merging structures, in their unequal ability to participate in the reproduction cycle.

Vertical integration is driven by technological links between enterprises and provides economies of scale, consolidation and efficient use of resources. Horizontal integration allows minimizing lost profits, and sometimes indicates the monopoly aspirations of its participants. Diversification of risk and the ability to indirectly influence partners is provided by diagonal integration (association with an enterprise located at a different level of the vertical production cycle and producing parallel types of products).

Achieving some compromise between the requirements of minimizing lost profits and minimizing costs, including transaction costs, allows combined integration (simultaneously along the technological chain and along parallel types of products).

The development of integration processes is most noticeable in last years in manufacturing and services. Large interregional financial and industrial

nye groups, the coordination of regions is enhanced when creating elements of a new market infrastructure. There are interregional companies that serve the integration relations of the subjects, for example, committees and commissions of the non-profit partnership "Regions of the XXI century". “Given the trends towards regional economic self-isolation, expressed in a slowdown or complete cessation of economic interregional cooperation, obstacles to work in the territory of a particular region for representatives of other constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to stimulate interregional cooperation programs at the federal level” .

According to the specialists of the non-commercial partnership "Regions XXI Century", it is necessary to develop and implement a new model of interregional and international economic cooperation based on market efficiency. It is important to involve regional authorities in the process of attracting and providing the necessary conditions

vii work for efficient and competitive Russian manufacturers from other subjects of the Russian Federation. The implementation of this task is necessary both to increase the economic potential of the regions and to ensure national security Russia, since the closed economy of strong regions can pose a danger to Russia as a federal state. Regionalization forms additional features, incentives and mechanisms for the movement of factors of production in international economy. The category "regional" means in this case not just the geographical boundaries of one or another integration association, it is the similarity of economic, cultural and territorial production complexes.

Regional economic integration has the following goals:

1) increasing national competitiveness;

2) taking advantage of the “economy of scale”, which allows expanding the size of the market, reducing transaction costs, creating a combination of new factors of production, and stimulating the inflow of direct foreign investment;

3) promotion of modernization and structural reforms in the regional economy;

4) obtaining for national entrepreneurs wider access to financial, labor, material resources, to the latest technologies.

In the formation of the institutional foundations of the integration processes of the constituent entities of the Federation in recent years, there has also been certain progress, mainly related to the activities of interregional associations of economic interaction, which have become a noticeable phenomenon in the socio-economic life of Russia. Inter-regional associations of economic cooperation are a voluntary association of subjects of the Russian Federation to coordinate efforts in solving the socio-economic problems of the regions, improving the quality of life of the population, inter-regional integration between the regions of Russia and countries of near and far abroad.

For example, the association of economic interaction of subjects Russian Federation « Far East and Transbaikalia" with respect to

is one of the first interregional associations in Russia. It was established in August 1990. Initially, as an advisory body of the leaders of the Far Eastern territories, and in 1993 it was registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia as a voluntary economic union territories - Interregional Association for Economic Interaction of the Subjects of the Russian Federation of the Far East and Transbaikalia.

On May 31, 1991, No. 1354-1, the order of the Chairman of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the organization of associations for economic interaction between the regions of the Central Black Earth Region" was signed

RSFSR and measures to create conditions for their accelerated development.

In October 1991, the Constituent Agreement of the subjects of the Central Black Earth Region of the RSFSR was signed on the creation of the Association for Economic Interaction between the Regions of the Central Black Earth Region of the RSFSR.

On September 16, 1993, Resolution No. 918 of the Council of Ministers of the Government of the Russian Federation “On Certain Issues of Organization and Activities of Voluntary Associations (Associations) for Economic Cooperation between the Subjects of the Federation and Local Self-Government Bodies”.

On November 17, 1999, the State Duma adopted Federal Law No. 211 “On general principles organization and activity of associations of economic interaction of subjects of the Russian Federation”.

From 1991 to 2001, the association of subjects of the Central Black Earth region united ten regions (Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Novgorod, Orel, Smolensk, Tambov, Tula, Bryansk) and was abbreviated as the Black Earth Association.

In total, by the beginning of 1999, 8 associations had been created, covering the entire territory of Russia, except for Chechnya (8 regions were part of two associations at once). The territories of the associations largely coincided with the territories of 11 economic regions of Russia (including the Association "North-West" - the Northern and North-Western regions; "Bolshaya Volga" - the Volga and Volgo-

Vyatsky; "Siberian Agreement" - East Siberian and West Siberian).

The leaders of these associations are included in the Presidium of the Government of the Russian Federation, and extensive experience has been gained in the activities of the executive bodies of associations in the form of their coordinating councils.

For the modern Russian economy, the task of developing and supporting entrepreneurship by the state, especially its small forms, and especially in the manufacturing sector, is one of the main ones. An important condition entrepreneurship development is an active and balanced public policy in relation to the regulation and support of small business, which should take into account the sectoral and regional features of the development of this sector of the economy, and support should be provided at the federal, regional and local levels.

Both the state and the founders of enterprises participating in groups are interested in strengthening the positions of entrepreneurial structures. However, the further development of integration processes in the Russian economy is hampered by the lack of clear legislative norms regulating the processes of creating and operating business associations. Currently in Russia there are no clear legal provisions defining a group of companies as a single economic entity. The norms of civil, antimonopoly, tax, banking, accounting legislation in terms of regulating the functioning of integrated structures often

contradict each other, based on a different conceptual apparatus.

1. Castells M. Information Age: Economics, Society and Culture. URL: http://www.i-u.ru/biblio/archive/kastels_inform/. Title from the screen.

2. Gayanova M.V. Integration processes in retail trade: Ph.D. dis. ... cand. economy Sciences. Yekaterinburg, 2QQ9.

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structures in the region based on innovation and integration. URL: http://www.ktr-online.ru/

articles/index.phtml?sID=38. Title from the screen.

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http://www.chernozem.ru/about.phtml. Title from the screen.

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Received 7.1Q.2Q11

INTEGRATION CONNECTIONS OF SUBJECTS OF BUSINESSES ON MEZO-LEVEL

Svetlana Vyacheslavovna POZDNYAKOVA, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, Russian Federation, Assistant of Taxes and Taxation Department, e-mail: [email protected]

In article the treatment of a category “the integration” as which preconditions act aspiration to improvement of quality of management and inefficiency elimination, desire to lower tax loading, possibility of a diversification of manufacture and use of superfluous resources, aspiration to raise political weight of company management and personal motives of managers is presented. Mezolevel integration is considered, categories “integration process”, “integration communications”, kinds and integration forms are defined. Complexity of the integration communications, called to establish strong interdependence between the enterprises is described, having created, thereby, a powerful reserve for strengthening of the industrial potential, branches defining the future development.

Key words: large business; small-scale business; regional level; business; integration; integration communications; integration process.