When will the ration card program be launched in Russia. When food cards for the poor will be introduced in Russia Who will be given food cards in

The very expression “ration cards” in 2017 evokes strange feelings. Older people can remember the war and the post-war years, when products were issued on such cards. Younger people remember well the last years of the existence of the USSR, when there was a general shortage of everything and everything, including basic foodstuffs, which were distributed with the help of “coupons”. However, the country is returning to the idea of ​​food cards, and in 2017 they are back in use.

Why did the idea to introduce ration cards come about?

It is no secret that since 2014, life has become more and more difficult for the poorest sections of the Russian population. The cost of food soared, their quality also fell sharply, tariffs are constantly growing, and the budget simply does not have enough money to index pensions and benefits by a value sufficient to compensate for the level of inflation. So, in 2017 there will be no indexation of pensions at all, and many other payments have been frozen.

The number of Russians who fall below the poverty line is growing year by year, therefore, despite the modest budgetary possibilities, the government was forced to look for ways to support the most needy, one of these ways was the proposal to reintroduce food cards in the country as early as 2017.

What will ration cards look like in 2017?

The cards will be a plastic card similar to a bank card, on which a certain amount of money will be credited every month, however, these funds can be spent exclusively on those goods that the government has determined, namely:

• Meat products,
• Milk products,
• A fish,
• Vegetables and fruits (only Russian),
• Seeds and seedlings.

As we can see, the list includes the most necessary products for a relatively healthy diet, although, for example, there is no bread in it. I am glad that the subsidiary farm was not forgotten, and the state decided to include seeds and seedlings in the list for those who are engaged in subsistence farming and grow vegetables in their own garden.

Thus, the government prohibits the use of funds from ration cards to buy cigarettes or alcohol, and also limits the goods purchased on the card exclusively to Russian ones. Thus, there is a parallel support for Russian food producers. The government hopes that food cards in 2017 will give impetus to the development of these producers, as well as the development of domestic retail, which is also experiencing a slight decline in sales.

According to experts, about 20 million people in the country need such assistance, but it is far from certain that all of them can receive ration cards in 2017. As for the money allocated in the budget for this type of assistance to needy citizens, 140 billion rubles are allocated for 2017, and already 214 billion for 2018.

In world history, there is at least one very successful example of the implementation of the ration card system, this is the United States during the Great Depression. If the domestic innovation is similar to this experience and at least partially repeats the American success of such a program, the idea can be considered extremely successful.

There are no plans to introduce food cards for the poor in 2019, despite repeated proposals to stimulate consumer demand with food stamps and support the poor. Arkady Ponomarev, a member of the Duma Committee on Agrarian Issues, announced this at the Agroholdings of Russia-2018.

Who is eligible to claim the benefit?

The launch of the food subsidy program was planned first in 2018, and then in 2019. A few years ago, the Ministry of Industry and Trade proposed the creation in Russia of a system of additional nutrition for the low-income population. It was proposed to credit special bank cards of citizens of this category with funds that could be spent on certain domestic products - fresh, perishable. According to Ponomarev, the implementation of this proposal will stimulate domestic demand and the development of processing industries.

An important clarification: the Ministry of Industry and Trade was going to issue ration cards only to those citizens who fell below the poverty line due to external circumstances and can prove it. Parasites who are able to work, but do not want to, the state will definitely not support. Russians who hide their real income and only pretend to be poor - freelancers, entrepreneurs, owners of subsidiary farms - should not count on help either.

If the program is launched in 2020, how can a citizen understand if he can take part in the food card program? To do this, he needs to make some simple calculations.

Add up all the income that his family received in the last 3 months. Benefits, subsidies, scholarships should also be taken into account.

Divide the resulting sum by 3 and display the arithmetic mean.

Divide the result by the number of family members (including children and pensioners).

If the final value is below the subsistence level, you can safely apply for a food card for the poor in 2020 (provided that the program is launched).

What documents are needed to obtain a food card, the Ministry of Industry and Trade does not specify. It is known that control over the distribution of cards will be made the responsibility of the social security authorities - a poor citizen should not have a question where to get a grocery card, because he is probably familiar with the address of the local department of social protection. To apply for a benefit, you will have to not only bring the required papers, but also pass an interview - a kind of “check for lice”. Anyone who receives a food card in Russia will be required to make every possible effort to find a job (in its absence) - in order to avoid the spread of parasitism.

It is expected that the list of citizens eligible for the benefit will be reviewed every 6 months. A poor citizen will have to carry documents confirming his preferential status to social security every six months.

What can be bought?

The owner of the grocery card, alas, will not be able to purchase with its help any products that catch the eye - he will only have access to what the daily diet of a Russian cannot be imagined without. The Ministry of Industry and Trade will provide an exact list of available products at the launch of the program. The list will include:

Meat and fish.

Eggs and milk.

Salt, sugar, spices.

Vegetables, fruits, dried fruits.

In addition, “social products” include pet food, hygiene products (soap, washing powder, etc.), seeds and seedlings.

The exemption will not apply to alcohol and cigarettes. The Ministry of Industry and Trade categorically declares that it is not going to support the bad habits of Russians.

Cardholders will also not be able to spend preferential funds on surplus products, such as candy. A poor citizen who wants to please his child with sweets will have to spend his own money on this. The most controversial position so far is drugs - the Ministry of Industry and Trade has not decided whether to include them in the list of "social products".

Those Russians who will be issued food cards should pay attention to one more limitation: they will only be able to pay for Russian products with preferential funds. Due to this restriction, the Ministry of Industry and Trade will try to "catch up with the second hare" - namely, to support domestic producers and give them an advantage in competition with importers.

Point payment system - what is it?

Food certificates will be issued in the Mir payment system. The state will not transfer rubles at all to cards, but bonus points - monthly in an amount equivalent to an amount of 1200 or 1400 rubles. The owner of the food certificate will have to put up with a number of restrictions.

Points cannot be accumulated. If by the end of the month a poor citizen does not spend the bonus rubles in full, the rest of the amount will burn out.

Points cannot be cashed out. You can pay with bonus rubles only in stores participating in the state program. It is expected that from 2019 cards will be accepted in some canteens and cafes.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade clarifies that cardholders will be able to deposit to bonus accounts and personal funds. Why replenish food cards for poor citizens with “their hard-earned money”? At least for the following reason: the state promises that a citizen will be able to receive from 30% to 50% of the replenished amount every month - this is a pretty solid profit. That's just what will happen to personal funds after a month and whether they will burn out along with bonus rubles, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, apparently, has not yet decided itself.

Experience of the USSR and foreign countries

The distribution of "cards for the poor" is not at all an innovative solution for a crisis economy. We can say that food cards are returning to Russia - a similar system was already in operation in the USSR.

Grocery cards in the USSR appeared along with the USSR itself - in 1917. The coupon payment system was introduced periodically, but this was not at all due to the general poverty of Russians (as it is now), but to constant supply crises. Many of the products in the Soviet Union were recognized as scarce - they could only be obtained with a special coupon and only in limited quantities (to avoid speculation). The coupon system in the USSR reached its peak in the period 1988-1991, when citizens could not purchase either sugar or sunflower oil. Since 1992, food certificates began to disappear due to the spread of free trade.

But the coupon system is by no means a relic of the past. Nowadays, the practice of providing food certificates to poor citizens is used all over the world - including in developed countries.

In the United States, low-income citizens have been paying food stamps for 50 years, receiving about $115 a month per person. The Americans consider such a system fair and are not going to abandon it.

In the UK, the coupon system was introduced after the Second World War due to food shortages. The program was restarted in 2014.

In Cuba, food cards have been issued to the poor for over 50 years, but now the coupon system on Liberty Island is "breathing its last." It is interesting that cigarettes were excluded from the number of "preferential" goods in Cuba only in 2016.

Food certificates were also introduced in modern Russia - at the regional level. For example, in 2013, 3,000 food cards for families with many children were issued in the Kirov region.

Both market experts and ordinary citizens, for the most part, have a positive attitude towards the idea of ​​reviving the system of food cards for pensioners and other citizens in need of material support in Russia. This was confirmed by a survey organized by VTsIOM: almost 80% of respondents were in favor. But if the idea of ​​introducing an analogue of the coupon system into the economy is so good, no matter how you look at it, why is the Ministry of Industry and Trade delaying its implementation? The answer to this question is simple: the state cannot yet find enough money to bring the idea to life. According to preliminary estimates, almost 70 billion rubles will be needed - alas, it is extremely problematic to find such an amount in a country with a crisis economy.

The depreciation of the ruble and the rampant rise in prices puts the poor on the brink of survival. There are now more than 21 million of them in our country, according to official data. To help them, the Ministry of Industry and Trade plans to introduce the so-called “electronic food certificate” from 2017, Alexander Lifintsev, a spokesman for the ministry, told reporters today. Anyone who proves that he lives below the “poverty line” and is not seen in unaccounted income will be able to count on the purchase of basic food products in the amount of 1.4 thousand rubles a month. But not all the poor will be able to count on receiving a “food card”.

The term "food card" originated in Russia more than 100 years ago, during the First World War. The classic "food cards" were abolished in the USSR only in 1947.

However, "surrogates" of such cards appeared at the end of perestroika. They could buy tobacco, alcohol, clothes and shoes, as well as a number of products at state prices.

However, there are positive moments in the history of "food cards". Just not in our country. For example, in the United States, where, since the Great Depression, there have been precisely those grocery cards that the Russian government wants to introduce now.

The essence of the American program is that for each poor person (that is, living below the poverty line, whose income is below $1.6 thousand per month - including immigrants) a certain amount is allocated, usually not exceeding $200 per month. With this money you can not buy alcohol, tobacco, medicines, pay for housing and transport services. But given that food is cheap in the US, such a subsidy at least keeps us from dying of hunger. Tens of billions of dollars are allocated annually for such programs. This, among other things, supports American farmers.

The Russian Ministry of Industry and Trade decided to use not the Soviet, but the American experience. This department plans to create an electronic food certificate by 2017 to help the poor.

With its help, certain categories of citizens will receive money to purchase only food and only domestic production. It will be impossible to buy alcohol and tobacco with this certificate, as well as to cash out funds. According to the certificate, it will be possible to buy only goods with a short shelf life, for example, meat, milk, fish, vegetables and fruits, eggs, greens. Purchases can be made in any store, provided that it is connected to a single system.

According to the representative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, Alexander Lifintsev, the calculation of subsidies for 2017 showed that an average of 1.4 thousand rubles (a little more than $20 at the current exchange rate) is needed per household member per month.

Moreover, Russian "food cards" will not be able to receive all the poor. According to Rosstat, there are now more than 21 million such people in our country. The Ministry of Industry and Trade promises to spend 70 billion rubles for these purposes in 2017. An elementary calculation shows that if everyone who is considered poor (that is, all 21 million) apply for such assistance, then it will be enough for a maximum of three months (the cost of living in Russia at the end of the second quarter exceeded 10 thousand rubles).

According to Lifintsev, not everyone “will pass the filters” of poverty. In other words, the authorities will try to cut off those who are involved in "shadow" production.

Experts doubt that this scheme will work. According to Anna Bodrova, a senior analyst at Alpari, one gets the impression that the idea itself is “damp”, which, in principle, is very good. It is necessary to clearly define the categories of the population and the poor who fall under this program without additional documents and certificates. But the most important thing is whether the state will have even 70 billion rubles for such a social program in the context of the deepening crisis. All the more so because, as Finance Minister Anton Siluanov warned, by 2017 the Reserve Fund will be spent almost to the penny.

Konstantin Smirnov
Nikolay Makeev

source To

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The Russian government has decided to introduce a program of targeted food assistance. Therefore, on behalf of Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich, ration cards will be introduced in 2017. About 140 billion rubles will be allocated for food stamps next year. For 2018, it is planned to allocate 214.2 billion.

Previously, the Ministry of Industrial Trade proposed issuing special social type cards for needy segments of the population. It was assumed that bonuses would be accrued on these cards, which could later be used to receive domestically produced products. There is an assumption that such a card system will not only help those in need, but will also be able to support domestic trade and the agricultural industry.

History of grocery cards

Our compatriots have heard about food cards since the First World War. This term is not new, but food stamps were abolished in the Soviet Union only after the end of World War II. During the perestroika period, cards were revived, but no one can remember those times of crisis with warmth.

The United States can boast of a successful example of introducing ration cards. The states introduced this form of assistance to the population during the Great Depression. Everyone who lived below the poverty line received food assistance from the state every month. The state helped people who were making less than $1,600 a month.

Citizens of America and low-income emigrants were allocated an amount in the range of $ 200. That was enough to buy groceries

because they were relatively cheap in the United States.

Should food cards be introduced in 2017?

Due to the rapid depreciation of the ruble, prices are constantly rising. In the near future, it is not known what can be expected from the global economy. Even a small fluctuation in the cost of oil significantly affects the prices of food, utility bills and other necessary goods.

In most regions of the Russian Federation, people's salaries are tiny. The income is barely enough to pay for utilities, travel to work. Not everyone has enough money for good food, medicines, clothes. Therefore, help to poor people is necessary, like air.

Subsidizing products: the first "swallows"

It was expected that this program of social assistance to the poor will start functioning from the third quarter of 2016. In September last year, the Ministry of Industry and Trade proposed to the authorities a draft program of cards that should help food for the poor. This idea was prompted by the sharp depreciation of the ruble, as well as rising prices for certain types of necessary products.

What will state aid look like?

It is supposed to subsidize the purchase of products with the help of analogues of bank cards, to which the authorities will charge specific amounts of money. They can be spent on products from the list.

The system should give a tangible boost to domestic manufacturers and retailers, government officials say. This offsets the fall in demand for the product. Depending on the region of the country, the amount of assistance will be different, based on the income of the population, as well as the cost of the consumer basket. Therefore, the question of whether ration cards will be introduced in Russia in 2017 is no longer worth it. But another question arises: how much money will be allocated to each poor citizen of our country?

List of products that can be obtained on ration cards in 2017

The list of social goods will include products such as:

• plant seedlings and seeds;


• fruits, vegetables of Russian production;


• a fish;


• meat and dairy products.

By coupons it will be possible to receive only products of Russian production. You will not be able to buy alcohol and tobacco products for them. The cards will function in all outlets that are connected to the electronic payment system.

The number of those in need of such support is about 20 million people. However, it is unlikely that all of them will be able to receive assistance in connection with income requirements.

Social Card Experiences

It should be noted that in the trial - test mode in 2015, the card system was already introduced in certain regions of the state. For example, in Saratov, the regional consumer union led the process.

In the Russian Federation, the program for issuing social coupons is only being developed. Meanwhile, in March 2016, such a system was already introduced in the self-proclaimed DPR. Due to the critical situation, many enterprises were forced to literally pay people with food. In the Donetsk region, in the city of Makeyevka, at the Fakel plant, which produces mechanisms for maintaining safety in mines, the last salary of their employees was given food cards.

Food cards in 2017 will expand the diet of poor citizens of the country who, for financial reasons, are unable to afford quality food. The authorities are confident that this social assistance will gain a foothold in the regions, and by 2018 more funds will be allocated for social payments.

According to the developers of the project, next year they will issue not only social cards for buying food, but also organize points for issuing free reduced-price meals.