SNIP industrial buildings and structures updated edition. When norms don't save

Anyone who deals with warehouses with high-rack storage (storage on racks with a height of more than 5.5 m) must have faced the problem of equipping racks with inter-rack screens. If they themselves were not puzzled, then they probably got a fine for their absence during the inspections of the State Fire Inspection. Since there is such a requirement in regulatory documents.


This requirement is voiced in SNiP 31-04-2001 "Warehouse buildings"

6.5 Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage of category B should be designed as single-storey I-IV degrees of fire resistance class C0 with lanterns or exhaust shafts on the cover for smoke removal.
The racks should have horizontal screens made of non-combustible materials with a height step of no more than 4 m.

Today it has smoothly migrated to the updated version. SP 57.13330.2011 "Warehouse buildings"

5.25 Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage of category B should be designed as single-storey I-IV degrees of fire resistance class C0 with lanterns or exhaust shafts on the cover for smoke removal.
Racks, if allowed by the storage technology, must have horizontal screens made of non-combustible materials with a height step of no more than 4 m.
Screens should cover the entire horizontal section of the rack, including the gaps between paired racks, and should not interfere with loading and unloading operations. Screens and bottoms of containers and pallets must have holes with a diameter of 10 mm, evenly spaced, with a side of a square of 150 mm.

And even those that limit the spread of the flame SP4.13130.2009
6.3.22. Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage of category B should be designed as single-storey I - IV degrees of fire resistance class C0.
The racks should have horizontal screens made of materials of the NG group with a height step of no more than 4 m.
Screens should cover the entire horizontal section of the rack, including the gaps between paired racks, and should not interfere with loading and unloading operations. Screens and bottoms of containers and pallets must have holes with a diameter of 10 mm, evenly spaced, with a side of a square of 150 mm.

Many do not understand where it is from and why. I was puzzled by this question too, but still could not find an answer. And their history is as follows:

All this safely migrated here based on the requirements of adj. 4 SNiP 2.04.09-84 "Fire automation of buildings and structures"

Appendix 4 Requirements for premises and equipment of warehouses with high-rise storage racks
1. The racks must have horizontal screens with a height step of no more than 4.0 m.
2. Screens must be made of non-combustible material.
3. Screens should cover the entire horizontal section of the rack, including the gaps between paired racks. Screens and bottoms of containers and pallets must have holes with a diameter of 10 mm, spaced evenly, with a side of a square of 150 mm.
4. The racks must be provided with transverse passages with a height of at least 2 m and a width of at least 1.5 m every 40 m. Passages within the racks must be separated from the structures of the racks by fire partitions.
5. Exhaust shafts (hatches) for smoke removal should be located above the aisles between the racks.
6. Screens should not interfere with loading and unloading operations.
7. Tubular supporting structures of racks can be used for transportation of fire extinguishing agent, provided the strength, throughput and tightness of these structures are ensured.

And everything would be fine if not a single big "NO" SNiP 2.04.09-84 dealt exclusively with fire automatics, and these screens were extremely necessary for the effective operation of an inter-rack sprinkler fire extinguishing system. Smart heads from VNIIPO conducted appropriate experiments and found that automatic fire extinguishing systems in warehouses with racks are effective only if they are made between racks. And the sprinkler system was recognized as the most effective available. And then they figured out how to increase the efficiency of the system's response and proposed these very screens. The automatic fire extinguishing system even received the official name "Cascade".
But as the years passed, specialists in the State Construction Committee changed, the regulatory framework changed, and now some clever people decided to issue a new SNiP "Warehouse Buildings" and released them without looking at the requirements on the screens. At this time, the NPB-88 already existed, which replaced SNiP 2.04.09-84 and it seemed like there was no "buzz" to include in the new SNiP requirements for fire automation. So the screens are orphans. An incomprehensible requirement against the backdrop of a changing economic environment.
Meanwhile, warehouses with high-rack storage came to us en masse from the west, and filled everything around. And then they started to burn. And they burn very "well". In 30-40 seconds, a 9 m high rack covers with a flame from the zero mark to the very top.


« »

And since the storage systems were brought from the West, along with them their fire extinguishing systems came to us, based on the supply of water not at the levels between the racks, as in ours, but from above with the help of high-flow ESFR sprinkler heads. The work of these fire extinguishing systems looks very impressive. Streams of water pouring from the ceiling are reminiscent of Niagara Falls. Only now our shelves with screens for such a system turned out to be more of a hindrance than an assistant, however, the combustible load does not give itself offense anyway, practically not passing and screening the water flows.
VNIIPO again carried out relevant studies and made sure that the water supply from above only localizes the fire on the high-rise racks, but does not extinguish them in any way.


« »

And why am I?
The other day I was at VNIIPO at a seminar where all this was told. I share my knowledge without hesitation. As a bonus, a small photo report on the "Cascade" test stand at the VNIIPO EMERCOM of the Russian Federation, where they test various systems fire extinguishing of high-rise racks.

Anyone who deals with warehouses with high-rack storage (storage on racks with a height of more than 5.5 m) inevitably faces the problem of equipping racks with inter-rack screens. Either he himself, or they pay attention to this during inspections by the Federal State Fire Inspectorate.

This requirement is voiced in SNiP 31-04-2001 "Warehouse buildings"

6.5 Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage of category B should be designed as single-storey I-IV degrees of fire resistance class C0 with lanterns or exhaust shafts on the cover for smoke removal.
The racks should have horizontal screens made of non-combustible materials with a height step of no more than 4 m.

On this moment it smoothly migrated to the updated version SP 57.13330.2011 "Warehouse buildings"

5.25 Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage of category B should be designed as single-storey I-IV degrees of fire resistance of class C0 with lanterns or exhaust shafts on the cover for smoke removal.
Racks, if allowed by the storage technology, must have horizontal screens made of non-combustible materials with a height step of no more than 4 m.
Screens should cover the entire horizontal section of the rack, including the gaps between paired racks, and should not interfere with loading and unloading operations. Screens and bottoms of containers and pallets must have holes with a diameter of 10 mm, evenly spaced, with a side of a square of 150 mm.

And even in fire regulations limiting the spread of flame SP4.13130.2009
6.3.22. Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage of category B should be designed as single-storey I - IV degrees of fire resistance class C0.
The racks should have horizontal screens made of materials of the NG group with a height step of no more than 4 m.
Screens should cover the entire horizontal section of the rack, including the gaps between paired racks, and should not interfere with loading and unloading operations. Screens and bottoms of containers and pallets must have holes with a diameter of 10 mm, evenly spaced, with a side of a square of 150 mm.

All this safely got here from the requirements of adj. 4 SNiP 2.04.09-84"Fire automatics of buildings and structures"

Appendix 4. Requirements for premises and equipment of warehouses with high-rise storage racks
1. The racks must have horizontal screens with a height step of no more than 4.0 m.
2. Screens must be made of non-combustible material.
3. Screens should cover the entire horizontal section of the rack, including the gaps between paired racks. Screens and bottoms of containers and pallets must have holes with a diameter of 10 mm, evenly spaced, with a side of a square of 150 mm.
4. The racks should be provided with transverse passages with a height of at least 2 m and a width of at least 1.5 m every 40 m. Passages within the racks must be separated from the structures of the racks by fire partitions.
5. Exhaust shafts (hatches) for smoke removal should be located above the aisles between the racks.
6. Screens should not interfere with loading and unloading operations.
7. Tubular supporting structures of racks can be used for transportation of fire extinguishing agent, provided the strength, throughput and tightness of these structures are ensured.

And everything would be fine if not for one big "BUT"! SNiP 2.04.09-84 concerned exclusively fire automatics, and these screens were extremely necessary for the effective operation of an inter-rack sprinkler fire extinguishing system. Experts conducted experiments and found that automatic fire extinguishing systems in warehouses with shelves are effective only if they are made between shelves. And the sprinkler system was recognized as the most effective available. A little later, they thought about how to increase the efficiency of the system's response and proposed inter-rack screens. The system of inter-rack automatic fire extinguishing was named "Cascade".

But over time when changing regulatory framework a new SNiP "Warehouse buildings" was released, which included a separate item of requirements for screens. At this time already existed NPB-88 which replaced SNiP 2.04.09-84, therefore, the requirements for fire automation were not included in the new SNiP. After that, inter-rack screens became a headache for specialists, tk. there are practically no companies producing them, but there are requirements for their installation. An incomprehensible requirement against the backdrop of a changing economic environment.

Meanwhile, warehouses with high-rack storage came to us in large quantities from the west. And then ... they started to burn. And they burn very "well". In 30-40 seconds, a 9 m high rack covers with a flame from the zero mark to the very top.

Since storage systems came to us from abroad, along with them their fire extinguishing systems came to us, based on the supply of water not at the levels between the racks, as in ours, but from above using high-flow ESFR sprinkler heads. The work of these fire extinguishing systems looks very impressive. Streams of water pouring from the ceiling are reminiscent of Niagara Falls. Only now our shelves with screens for such a system turned out to be more of a hindrance than an assistant, however, the combustible load, and so practically not allowing and screening the water flows.

Studies on the pilot plant "Cascade" have already confirmed that water supply from above in a "European" way only localizes Uncontrolled combustion outside a special hearth, causing material damage.

Meanwhile, not knowing the root cause of the requirements for the installation of inter-rack screens, in practice, the owner collides with the supervision. I hope this article will help dot the i's.

Read 8069 once

PRODUCTION BUILDINGS

Updated edition

(As amended No. 1 of 18.08.2016)

Moscow 2011

Foreword

Objectives and principles of standardization in Russian Federation established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ "On technical regulation", and the development rules - by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2008 No. "On the procedure for the development and approval of sets of rules."

About the set of rules

1 CONTRACTORS - Central Research, Design and Experimental Institute of Industrial Buildings and Structures (JSC TsNIIPromzdaniy)

2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TC 465 "Construction"

3 PREPARED FOR APPROVAL BY FSI "FCS"

4 APPROVED by order of the Ministry regional development Of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Regional Development of Russia) dated December 30, 2010 No. 850 and entered into force on May 20, 2011.

5 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart). Revision of JV 56.13330.2010 and JV 57.13330.2010

Information on changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, the corresponding notification will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". Relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in information system common use- on the official website of the developer (Ministry of Regional Development of Russia) on the Internet

Introduction

This set of rules has been drawn up with the aim of increasing the level of safety in buildings and structures of people and safety material values in accordance with the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ " Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures ", meeting the requirements Federal law dated November 23, 2009 No. 261-FZ "On energy saving and on increasing energy efficiency and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation", increasing the level of harmonization of regulatory requirements with European and international regulatory documents, the application of uniform methods of determining the performance characteristics and methods of assessment. The requirements of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" were also taken into account.

The update was carried out by the team of authors of JSC TsNIIPromzdaniy: General director dr tech. Sciences, prof. V.V. Granev, deputy general director Cand. tech. Sciences, prof. CM. Glikin, Head of the Scientific Research Sector, Cand. tech. sciences THOSE. Storozhenko leading scientific employee dr architecture, prof. B.S. Istomin.

Amendment No. 1 to SP 56.13330.2011 prepared by the team of authors: topic leader - Dr. Tech. Sciences, prof. V.V. Granev, performer - head of the scientific research sector, Cand. tech. T.E. Storozhenko (TsNIIPromzdaniy JSC).

SP 56.13330.2011

SET OF RULES

Introduction date 2011-05-20

1 area of ​​use

1.1 This set of rules must be observed at all stages of the creation and operation of production and laboratory buildings, production and laboratory premises, workshops (functional fire hazard class F5.1), as well as warehouse buildings and premises intended for storing substances, materials, products and raw materials (cargo) (functional fire hazard class F5.2), including those built into buildings of other functional fire hazard, in order to meet the requirements.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

1.2 This joint venture does not apply to buildings and premises for the production and storage of explosives and explosives, military purpose, underground structures subways, mine workings, warehouses and premises for storing dry mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products, explosive, radioactive and potent toxic substances, combustible gases, non-combustible gases in containers under a pressure of more than 70 kPa, oil and oil products, rubber, celluloid, combustible plastics and film, cement, cotton, flour, animal feed, furs, furs and fur products, agricultural products, as well as the design of buildings and premises for refrigerators and granaries.

1.3 When creating workshops or warehouses (sites) at an enterprise intended for the use of disabled labor, one should also be guided by the uniform sanitary and epidemiological rules for enterprises (production associations), workshops and sections intended for the use of labor of disabled people and old-age pensioners, the requirements of SP 59.13330 , SP 139.13330, taking into account.

In cases where enterprises or warehouses provide for the possibility of using the labor of disabled persons, additional requirements specified in the relevant paragraphs of this set of rules should be observed, depending on the type of disability.

It is not allowed to create such workshops or warehouses (sections) located in rooms of categories A and B.

Note - When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the operation of reference standards and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the National Body of the Russian Federation for Standardization on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the relevant monthly information signs published in this year... If the referenced document is replaced (changed), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replaced (changed) document. If the referenced document is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the link to it is given applies to the extent that does not affect this link.

3 Terms and definitions

In this set of rules, the terms and definitions given in the appendix are adopted.

4 Key points

4.1 Buildings and structures at all stages life cycle must meet safety requirements in accordance with.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

4.2 The fire safety requirements of these rules and regulations are based on the provisions and classifications adopted in.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

4.3 When designing buildings, you should:

unite, as a rule, in one building premises for various industries, warehouses, including premises for expeditions, acceptance, sorting and picking of goods, administrative and utility premises, as well as premises for engineering equipment;

develop space-planning and Constructive decisions in accordance with the requirements of GOST 28984-2011;

comply with energy saving requirements;

take the number of floors and the height of the building within the limits established, based on the results of comparing the technical and economic indicators of the options for locating a production or warehouse in buildings of various storeys (heights), taking into account the provision high level architectural solutions and energy efficiency;

to accept buildings without skylights, if this is allowed by the conditions of technology, sanitary and epidemiological requirements and economic feasibility;

predominantly use buildings with enlarged blocks of engineering and technological equipment in complete prefabricated blocks;

to work out options for replacing overhead cranes with floor types of lifting and transport equipment;

to develop space-planning solutions, engineering support systems, taking into account environmental requirements, corresponding legislative acts Russian Federation.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

4.4 Accommodation in industrial buildings consumable (intermediate) warehouses of raw materials and semi-finished products in the amount established by the norms of technological design to ensure a continuous technological process, is allowed directly in production facilities, openly or behind mesh fences. In the absence of such data in the norms of technological design, the amount of these goods should, as a rule, be no more than one and a half changeable need.

4.5 The safety of people staying in buildings should be ensured by sanitary-epidemiological and microclimatic conditions: the absence of harmful substances in the air of working areas above the maximum permissible concentrations, the minimum release of heat and moisture into the premises; the absence of higher than permissible values ​​of noise, vibration, ultrasound level, electromagnetic waves, radio frequencies, static electricity and ionizing radiation, as well as limitation of physical activity, tension of attention and prevention of fatigue of workers in accordance with hygienic requirements for the organization of technological processes, production equipment and working tools, as well as the requirements of the current sanitary and epidemiological regulatory documents.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

4.6 The implementation of the technological process and the fulfillment of the requirements for the microclimate of the premises should be carried out taking into account the provision of economical consumption of energy resources.

It is allowed to reduce the temperature of the premises outside of working hours, if it is specified in terms of reference or regulations.

Engineering systems should have automatic or manual regulation of the air supply system. Building heating systems must be equipped with devices to regulate the heat flow.

At the entrances to buildings in areas with an estimated outdoor air temperature of minus 15 ° C and below, it is necessary to provide for the device of lobbies-locks or air-thermal curtains.

4.7 In warehouse buildings, it is allowed to use in building structures polymer and polymer-containing materials approved for use in construction by a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion.

4.8 To eliminate the negative impact of production facilities on environment measures should be taken to purify and deactivate industrial wastewater, capture and purify technological and ventilation emissions, introduce waste-free and low-waste technologies; timely removal, neutralization and disposal of production waste.

4.9 Architectural solutions buildings should be taken taking into account the town planning, natural and climatic conditions of the construction area and the nature of the surrounding buildings. Color finishing of interiors should be provided taking into account the requirements of GOST 14202 and GOST R 12.4.026.

4.10 For explosion and fire hazard, premises and buildings are divided into categories in accordance with.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.6 The introduction of railway tracks into buildings is allowed to be provided in accordance with the technological part of the project and taking into account the requirements. The top of the rail heads of the railroad tracks must be at the level of the finished floor.

5.7 In multi-storey buildings with a height of more than 15 m from the planned level of the ground to the level of the finished floor of the upper floor (excluding technical) and the presence of permanent workplaces or equipment at an elevation of more than 15 m that must be serviced more than three times per shift, passenger elevators should be provided for GOST R 53770. Freight lifts should be provided in accordance with the technological part of the project in accordance with GOST R 53771. The number and capacity of the elevators should be taken depending on the passenger and freight traffic. With the number of employees (in the most numerous shift) no more than 30 on all floors located above 15 m, one elevator should be provided in the building. If there are rooms on the second floor and above intended for the work of disabled people using wheelchairs, the building should provide passenger elevator if it is impossible to organize workplaces for disabled people on the ground floor. The elevator car must have dimensions not less than: width - 1.1 m, depth - 2.1 m, doorway width - 0.85 m.

5.8 Exits from the basements should be provided outside the area of ​​operation of the handling equipment.

5.9 The width of vestibules and vestibules should be taken more than the width of the openings by at least 0.5 m (0.25 m on each side of the opening), and the depth - more than the width of the door or gate leaf by 0.2 m or more, but not less than 1.2 m

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.12 For the repair and cleaning of the glazing of windows and skylights, in cases where the use of mobile or portable floor inventory devices (ladders, rolling platforms, telescopic lifts) is impossible due to the placement of technological equipment or the total height of the building, it is necessary to provide stationary devices that ensure the safe implementation of these works.

5.13 The need for lanterns and their type (antiaircraft, U-shaped, light, light aeration, etc.) are established by the project depending on the characteristics of the technological process, sanitary and hygienic and environmental requirements, taking into account the climatic conditions of the construction area.

5.14 Lanterns must be non-inflatable. The length of the lanterns should be no more than 120 m. The distance between the ends of the lanterns and between the end of the lantern and outside wall should be at least 6 m. The opening of the doors of the lanterns should be mechanized (with the inclusion of opening mechanisms at the exits from the premises), duplicated by manual control.

5.15 Under the glazing of skylights made of sheet silicate glass and double-glazed windows, as well as along the inner side of the glazing of rectangular light-aeration lanterns, a protective metal mesh should be provided.

5.16 In buildings with internal gutters, it is allowed to use a parapet as a fence on the roof. If the height of the parapet is less than 0.6 m, it should be supplemented with a lattice fence up to a height of 0.6 m from the roof surface.

5.17 With remote and automatic door opening, it must also be possible to open them manually in all cases. The dimensions of the door in the light for ground transport should be taken in excess of the dimensions Vehicle(loaded) not less than 0.2 m in height and 0.6 m in width.

5.18 The slope of flights in stairwells should be taken at least 1: 2 with a tread width of 0.3 m; for basement floors and attics, it is allowed to take a staircase slope of 1: 1.5 with a tread width of 0.26 m.

5.19 Internal open stairs (in the absence of staircase walls) should have a slope of no more than 1: 1. The slope of open stairs for passage to single workplaces is allowed to increase up to 2: 1. For inspection of equipment with a lifting height of no more than 10 m, it is allowed to design vertical ladders with a width of 0.6 m.

5.20 In the presence of working disabled people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, the slope of stairs on the escape routes should be no more than 1: 2.

5.21 For buildings with a height from the planning level of the ground to the cornice or the top of the parapet of 10 m or more, one exit to the roof should be designed (for every complete and incomplete 40,000 m 2 of the roof), including buildings: one-story buildings - along an external open steel staircase; multi-storey - from the staircase.

In cases where it is impractical to have a staircase within the height of the upper floor for access to the roof, it is allowed for buildings with a height from the planning level of the ground to the level of the finished floor of the upper floor of no more than 30 m to design an external open steel staircase to exit to the roof from the staircase through the platform of this stairs.

5.22 Placement of premises of various categories in buildings and their separation from each other, requirements for evacuation routes and exits, smoke exhaust device, airlocks, vestibules, staircases and staircases, exits to the roof should be taken in accordance with the requirements and regulatory documents on fire safety ...

It is allowed to embed a warehouse or administrative floor into a production building, as well as a production or administrative floor into a warehouse building, subject to the requirements of SP 44.13330 and this SP in the building.

In single-storey buildings of terminals I and II degrees of fire resistance of the class of constructive fire hazard C0, it is allowed, if necessary, to arrange evacuation corridors leading directly to the outside, fenced off with type 1 fire barriers and provided with air pressure in case of fire. In this case, the length of the corridor is not taken into account when calculating the length of the escape route.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.23 The distance from the most distant workplace in the room to the nearest evacuation exit from the room directly outside or into the staircase should not exceed the values ​​given in the table.

For premises with an area of ​​more than 1000 m 2, the distance indicated in the table includes the length of the path along the corridor to the outside or to the staircase.

If an evacuation exit from a room leads to a corridor, outside or into a staircase through an adjacent room, then the distance from the most distant workplace of this room to the exit from the adjacent room is taken according to the most dangerous category of one of the adjacent rooms.

The density of the flow of people is defined as the ratio of the number of people evacuating along a common passage to the area of ​​this passage.

Distances for rooms of categories A and B are established taking into account the area of ​​the spill of flammable or combustible liquids, equal to 50 m 2; for other numerical values ​​of the spill area, the distances indicated in the table are multiplied by a factor of 50 / F, where F- possible spill area, determined in the technological part of the project.

For intermediate values ​​of the volume of rooms, the distances are determined by linear interpolation.

Distances are set for rooms up to 6 m high (for single-storey buildings, the height is taken to the bottom of the trusses); with a room height of more than 6 m, the distances increase: with a room height of 12 m - by 20%, 18 m - by 30%, 24 m - by 40%, but not more than 140 m for rooms of categories A, B and 240 m - for rooms category B. At intermediate values ​​of room heights, the increase in distances is determined by linear interpolation.

The distance from the most distant workplace to the nearest evacuation exit from one- or two-story buildings of IV degree of fire resistance of fire hazard classes C2 and C3 should be taken no more than:

in one-story buildings with rooms of categories B1 - B3 - 50 m, categories B4, D and D - 80 m;

in two-storey buildings with rooms of categories B1 - B3 - 40 m, categories B4, D and D - 60 m.

The indicated distances can be increased by 50% if the floor area not occupied by the equipment in the premises is 75 m or more per one worker in the most numerous shift.

In one-story buildings with rooms of categories B1 - B4, D and D, if it is impossible to comply with the indicated distances, emergency exits must be located in the outer walls along the perimeter of the buildings after 72 m.

The width of the staircase march, depending on the number of people evacuating along it from the second floor, as well as the width of doors, corridors or passages on the escape routes, should be taken at the rate of 0.6 m per 100 people.

(New edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.24 The distance along the corridor from the door of the most distant room with an area of ​​not more than 1000 m to the nearest exit to the outside or to the staircase should not exceed the values ​​given in Table 2.

table 2

When premises of various categories are located on the same floor, the distance along the corridor from the door of the most distant room to the exit to the outside or to the nearest staircase is determined by the more dangerous category.

The density of the flow of people in the corridor is defined as the ratio of the number of people evacuating from the premises to the corridor to the area of ​​this corridor, while with doors opening from the premises to the common corridors, the width of the common corridor should be taken as reduced:

half the width of the door leaf - with one-sided doors;

to the width of the door leaf - with two-sided doors.

(New edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.25 The width of the evacuation exit (door) from the premises should be taken depending on the total number of people evacuated through this exit, and the number of people per 1 m of the width of the exit (door) set in the table, but not less than 0.9 m in the presence of working disabled persons with disorders of the musculoskeletal system.

The number of people per 1 m of the width of the evacuation exit at intermediate values ​​of the volume of the premises is determined by interpolation.

The number of people per 1 m of the width of the evacuation exit (door) from rooms with a height of more than 6 m increases: with a height of rooms of 12 m - by 20%, 18 m - by 30%, 24 m - by 40%; at intermediate values ​​of the height of the premises, an increase in the number of people per 1 m of the width of the exit is determined by interpolation.

(New edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.26 The width of the evacuation exit (door) from the corridor to the outside or to the stairwell should be taken depending on the total number of people evacuated through this exit and the number of people per 1 m of the width of the exit (door) set in Table 4, but not less than 0, 8 m, in the presence of working disabled people with musculoskeletal disorders - not less than 0.9 m.

(New edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.27 In the presence of working disabled people with disabilities of the musculoskeletal system, the width of the stairway should be taken at least 1.2 m.

5.28 In rooms and corridors, smoke exhaust should be provided in case of fire in accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

When equipping industrial or warehouse buildings with automatic fire extinguishing installations, the floor areas indicated in tables 5 and within the fire compartments may be increased by 100%, with the exception of buildings of IV and V degrees of fire resistance.

Table 5

When placing warehouses in industrial buildings, the floor area of ​​the warehouse premises within the fire compartment and their height (number of floors) should not exceed the values ​​specified in Table 6.

In the presence of platforms, whatnots and mezzanines, the area of ​​which at any level exceeds 40% of the floor area of ​​the room, the floor area is determined as for a multi-storey building with the number of floors determined by.

In one-story buildings of IV degree of fire resistance of fire hazard class C2, it is allowed to place premises of categories A and B with a total area of ​​no more than 300 m 2. At the same time, these rooms should be distinguished by type 1 fire partitions and type 3 fire ceilings. The outer walls of these premises must be of K0 or K1 classes.

(New edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.30 When located in the same building or room of technological processes with different explosion and fire hazard, measures should be taken to prevent explosion and fire spread. The effectiveness of these measures should be justified in the technological part of the project. If these measures are not effective enough, then technological processes with various explosion and fire hazards should be placed in separate premises and separated in accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.31 Basements when placing in them premises of categories B1 - B3 should be divided in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.32 In hot shops with excessive heat release, the building envelope should be designed, as a rule, not insulated.

5.33 On roofs with a slope of up to 12% inclusive in buildings with a height of more than 10 m to the eaves or top of the parapet, as well as on roofs with a slope of more than 12% in buildings with a height of more than 7 m to the bottom of the eaves, fences should be provided in accordance with the requirements of standards. Regardless of the height of the building, fences that meet the requirements of this standard should be provided on the operated roofs.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.34 The roofs of heated buildings should be made with an internal drain. It is allowed to install roofs with an external organized drain in heated and unheated buildings, provided that measures are taken to prevent the formation of icicles and ice.

5.35 In one-story warehouse buildings with high-rise storage racks, it is allowed, when justifying, to use racking structures as supports for covering and fastening external walls.

5.36 In warehouses for storing food products, it is necessary to provide: enclosing structures without protruding ribs and made of materials that are not destroyed by rodents; solid and void-free canvases of outer doors, gates and manhole covers; devices for closing the openings of channels of ventilation systems; fencing with steel mesh (with cells not exceeding 12 × 12 mm) for ventilation openings in walls and air ducts located within a height of 1.2 m above the floor level, and basement windows (steel mesh fencing structures for windows must be openable or removable).

In the projects of such warehouse buildings, it is necessary to provide instructions on the careful sealing of openings for the passage of pipelines (in walls, partitions and ceilings) and interfaces of the enclosing structures of the premises (internal and external walls, partitions between themselves and with floors or ceilings).

Warehouses for storing food products can be equipped with deratization systems.

5.37 Columns and framing structures for openings in warehouse buildings in places of heavy floor traffic should be protected from mechanical damage and painted in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 12.4.026.

To limit damage to columns when moving loads, tubular columns should be used, as a rule.

5.38 Loading and unloading ramps and platforms should be designed taking into account the requirements for the protection of goods and loading and unloading mechanisms from atmospheric precipitation.

The canopy over railway loading and unloading ramps and platforms must overlap the axis of the railway track by at least 0.5 m, and over road ramps must overlap the roadway at least 1.5 m from the edge of the ramp.

5.39 The length of the loading and unloading ramp should be determined depending on the cargo turnover and storage capacity, as well as on the basis of the space-planning solution of the building.

The width of loading and unloading ramps and platforms must be taken in accordance with the technology and safety requirements of loading and unloading operations.

5.40 The structures of ramps and sheds adjacent to buildings of I, II, III and IV degrees of fire resistance of fire hazard classes C0 and C1 should be made of non-combustible materials.

5.41 Loading and unloading ramps and platforms should have at least two scattered ladders or ramps.

5.42 The mark of the edge of the loading and unloading ramp for road transport from the side of the entrance of vehicles should be equal to 1.2 m from the level of the surface of the carriageway or loading and unloading area.

5.44. The width of ramps for the passage of industrial vehicles should be at least 0.6 m greater than the maximum width of a loaded vehicle. The slope of the ramps should be taken no more than 16% when placed in closed rooms and no more than 10% when placed outside buildings.

5.45 In warehouses, the temperature, relative humidity and air velocity must be taken in accordance with the requirements of cargo storage technology and the requirements of SP 60.13330.

Dock shelters should be installed in the door openings in the outer walls, isolating the inner space of the warehouse from the external environment.

5.46 Structures and materials of bases and floor coverings of warehouse buildings and premises should be assigned taking into account the perception of loads from the stored goods, the type and intensity of mechanical effects of floor transport and dust separation, the accumulation of static electricity and sparking, taking into account the requirements of SP 29.13330.

It is not allowed to use tar and tar mastics and other environmentally hazardous materials for floor coverings of warehouses intended for storage of food products.

When storing goods, the temperature of which exceeds 60 ° C, heat-resistant floors should be provided.

5.47 Multi-storey warehouse buildings of categories B and C should be designed with a width of no more than 60 m.

5.48 Warehouses of industrial buildings should be separated from other premises in accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.49 Warehouse buildings with high-rise shelving storage should be designed taking into account the requirements of fire safety regulations.

(Modified edition. Amendment No. 1)

5.50 When dividing according to technological or sanitary conditions by partitions of warehouses with loads of the same fire hazard, the requirements for partitions are determined in the technological part of the project.

According to the requirements of the technology of storage of goods, it is allowed to place forwarding, acceptance, sorting and assembly of goods directly in storage facilities, without separating them by partitions. At the same time, the workplaces of commodity specialists, experts, storekeepers, rejects, accountants and operators are allowed to be fenced with partitions with non-standardized fire resistance limits and fire hazard class (glazed or with a mesh with a blind part height of not more than 1.2 m, collapsible and sliding).

The following terms and definitions are used in this document:

mezzanine: The site inside the building, which houses the premises for various purposes (production, administrative, or for engineering equipment).

insertion (installation) in a one-story production building: A two- or multi-storey part of a building located within a single-storey building along its entire height and width (insert) or part of the height and width (insert), allocated by enclosing structures.

building engineering equipment: A system of devices, apparatus, machines and communications, providing supply and removal of liquids, gases, electricity (water, gas, heating, electrical, sewer, ventilation equipment).

mobile (inventory) building or structure: see GOST 25957.

area: A single-tier structure (without walls) located in or outside a building, supported by independent supports, building structures or equipment and designed for the installation, maintenance or repair of equipment.

number of storeys of the building: The number of floors of a building, including all above-ground floors, technical and basement, if the top of its floor is at least 2 m higher than the average planning level of the earth.

aboveground floor: Floor when the floor of the premises is not lower than the planning level of the earth.

basement floor: Floor when the floor of the premises is below the planning level of the ground by more than half the height of the room.

ground floor: Floor when the floor of the premises is below the planning level of the earth by no more than half the height of the room.

technical floor: Floor for placing engineering equipment and laying communications; can be located in the lower (technical underground), upper (technical attic) or in the middle of the building.

bookcase: A multi-tiered frame structure (without walls), free-standing in the building or outside it and designed to accommodate and maintain technological and other equipment.

lanterns: Part of the building covering in the form of a glazed, usually superstructure, intended for aeration and (or) overhead lighting of industrial premises.

ramp: A structure intended for the production of loading and unloading operations. The ramp on one side adjoins the warehouse wall, and on the other is located along the railway track (railroad ramp) or road access (car ramp). The ramp can be located inside the warehouse. The height of the ramp above the floor is determined by the mode of transport.

platform: Construction similar to the ramp. In contrast to the ramp, it is designed two-sided: one side is located along the railway track, and the opposite side is along the road access.

high-rise storage: Storage on racks with a storage height of over 5.5 m.

terminal: Warehouse structure, which provides for the optimal placement of cargo in the warehouse and automated management of relationships with the external environment, including incoming, outgoing and internal flows.

dock shelter: Sealing system for the opening between the warehouse wall and the vehicle body.

Bibliography

Federal Law of December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures"

SET OF RULES

PRODUCTION BUILDINGS

UPDATED EDITORIAL OF SNiP 31-03-2001

Production buildings

SP 56.13330.2011

Foreword

The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On technical regulation", and the development rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2008 N 858 "On the procedure for the development and approval of sets of rules ".

About the set of rules

1. Executors - Central Research and Design and Experimental Institute of Industrial Buildings and Structures (JSC "TsNIIPromzdaniy").
2. Introduced by the Technical Committee for Standardization TK 465 "Construction".
3. Prepared for approval by FGU "FCS".
4. Approved by the Order of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Regional Development of Russia) dated December 30, 2010 N 850 and put into effect on May 20, 2011.
5. Registered Federal Agency on technical regulation and metrology (Rosstandart). Revision of SP 56.13330.2010 and SP 57.13330.2010.

Information on changes to this set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, the corresponding notification will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". The relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the developer (Ministry of Regional Development of Russia) on the Internet.

Introduction

This set of rules was drawn up with the aim of increasing the level of safety in buildings and structures of people and the safety of material assets in accordance with Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures", meeting the requirements of the Federal Law of November 23 2009 N 261-ФЗ "On energy saving and on increasing energy efficiency and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation", increasing the level of harmonization of regulatory requirements with European and international regulatory documents, the use of uniform methods for determining operational characteristics and assessment methods. The requirements of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" and codes of rules for the fire protection system were also taken into account.
The update was carried out by the team of authors of JSC TsNIIPromzdaniy: General Director Dr. Tech. Sciences, prof. V.V. Granev, Deputy General Director, Cand. tech. Sciences, prof. CM. Glikin, head of the scientific research sector, Cand. tech. T.E. Storozhenko, Leading Researcher Doctor of Architecture, prof. B.S. Istomin.

1 area of ​​use

1.1. This set of rules must be observed at all stages of the creation and operation of production and laboratory buildings, production and laboratory premises, workshops (functional fire hazard class F5.1), as well as warehouse buildings and premises intended for storing substances, materials, products and raw materials ( cargo) (functional fire hazard class F5.2), including those built into buildings of other functional fire hazard, in order to meet the requirements of the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures."
1.2. This joint venture does not apply to buildings and premises for the production and storage of explosives and explosives, military purposes, underground structures of subways, mine workings, warehouse buildings and premises for storing dry mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products, explosive, radioactive and highly poisonous substances, combustible gases, non-combustible gases in containers under a pressure of more than 70 kPa, oil and oil products, rubber, celluloid, combustible plastics and film, cement, cotton, flour, compound feed, furs, furs and fur products, agricultural products, as well as for design buildings and premises for refrigerators and granaries.
1.3. In cases where enterprises or warehouses provide for the possibility of using the labor of persons with disabilities, additional requirements specified in the relevant paragraphs of these standards should be observed, depending on the type of disability.
When creating specialized workshops or specialized warehouses (sites) at the enterprise intended for the use of the labor of disabled people, one should also be guided by the uniform sanitary rules for enterprises (production associations), workshops and sections intended for the use of the labor of disabled people and old-age pensioners, SP 59.13330, vaults rules,.
It is not allowed to create such workshops or warehouses (sections) located in rooms of categories A and B.

The normative documents referenced in the text of this joint venture are given in Appendix A.
Note. When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the operation of reference standards and classifiers in the public information system - on the official website of the National Body of the Russian Federation for Standardization on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which was published as of January 1 of the current year , and according to the relevant monthly information signs published in the current year. If the referenced document is replaced (changed), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replaced (changed) document. If the referenced document is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the link to it is given applies to the extent that does not affect this link.

3. Terms and definitions

In this set of rules, the terms and definitions given in Appendix B.

4. Basic provisions

4.1. Buildings and structures at all stages of their life cycle must meet safety requirements in accordance with the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures".
4.2. The fire safety requirements of these rules and regulations are based on the provisions and classifications adopted in the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 N 123-FZ "Technical regulations on fire safety requirements".
4.3. When designing buildings, you should:
to combine, as a rule, in one building premises for various industries, warehouse premises, including premises for expeditions, acceptance, sorting and picking of goods, administrative and utility premises, as well as premises for engineering equipment;
develop space-planning and design solutions in accordance with the requirements of the national standard "System project documentation for construction. Modular coordination sizes in construction. Basic Provisions ";
comply with the requirements for energy conservation of the Federal Law of November 23, 2009 N 261-FZ "On energy saving and on increasing energy efficiency and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation";
take the number of floors and the height of the building within the limits established by 5.29, based on the results of comparing the technical and economic indicators of the options for locating a production or warehouse in buildings of various storeys (heights), taking into account the provision of a high level of architectural solutions and energy efficiency;
space-planning and design decisions should be made in accordance with the technological part of the project, developed in accordance with the technological design standards. Space-planning solutions of warehouse buildings should ensure the possibility of their reconstruction, changing the technology of storage of goods without significant restructuring of buildings;
when blocking individual workshops, warehouses and structures, as far as possible, avoid differences in the height of spans of buildings and the inner corners of external enclosing structures;
take the area of ​​light openings in accordance with the design standards for natural and artificial lighting SP 52.13330, taking into account the requirements of 5.10;
to accept buildings without skylights, if this is allowed by the conditions of technology, sanitary and hygienic requirements and economic feasibility;
predominantly use buildings with enlarged blocks of engineering and technological equipment in complete prefabricated blocks;
work out options for replacing overhead cranes with floor types of lifting and transport equipment;
develop space-planning solutions, engineering support systems, taking into account environmental requirements in accordance with the legislative acts of the Russian Federation.
4.4. The placement in production buildings of consumable (intermediate) warehouses of raw materials and semi-finished products in the amount established by the norms of technological design to ensure a continuous technological process is allowed directly in production facilities, openly or behind mesh fences. In the absence of such data in the norms of technological design, the amount of these goods should, as a rule, be no more than one and a half changeable need.
4.5. The safety of people staying in buildings should be ensured by sanitary-epidemiological and microclimatic conditions: the absence of harmful substances in the air of the working areas above the maximum permissible concentrations, the minimum release of heat and moisture into the premises; the absence of above permissible values ​​of noise, vibration, ultrasound level, electromagnetic waves, radio frequencies, static electricity and ionizing radiation, as well as limitation of physical activity, attention voltage and prevention of fatigue of workers in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.4.548, SP 2.2.2.1327 and applicable hygienic standards.
4.6. The implementation of the technological process and the fulfillment of the requirements for the microclimate of the premises should be carried out taking into account the provision of economical consumption of energy resources.
It is allowed to reduce the temperature of the premises during off-hours, if it is stipulated in the terms of reference or regulations.
Engineering systems should have automatic or manual regulation of the air supply system. Building heating systems must be equipped with devices to regulate the heat flow.
At the entrances to buildings in areas with an estimated outside air temperature of minus 15 ° C and below, it is necessary to provide for the device of lobbies-sluices or air-thermal curtains.
4.7. In warehouse buildings, it is allowed to use polymer and polymer-containing materials in building structures that are approved for use in construction by a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion.
4.8. To eliminate negative influence production facilities on the environment, measures should be taken to purify and deactivate industrial effluents, capture and purify technological and ventilation emissions, introduce waste-free and low-waste technologies; timely removal, neutralization and disposal of production waste.
4.9. Architectural decisions of buildings should be made taking into account the town planning, natural and climatic conditions of the construction area and the nature of the surrounding buildings. The color finishing of interiors should be provided taking into account the requirements of GOST 14202 and GOST R 12.4.026.
4.10. According to the explosion and fire hazard, premises and buildings are subdivided into categories, respectively, A, B, B1 - B4, D, D and A, B, C, D, D, depending on the technological processes placed in them and the properties of the (circulating) or stored substances. and materials, products, raw materials and their packaging.
Categories of buildings and premises are established in the technological part of the project in accordance with SP 12.13130, technological design standards.
4.11. The total area of ​​a building is defined as the sum of the areas of all floors (overground, including technical, basement and basement), measured within the inner surfaces of the outer walls (or the axes of the outer columns, where there are no outer walls), tunnels, inner platforms, mezzanines, all tiers of internal shelves , ramps, galleries (horizontal projection) and transitions to other buildings. V total area buildings do not include areas of technical underground with a height of less than 1.8 m to the bottom of protruding structures (in which passageways for servicing communications are not required), above suspended ceilings designed in accordance with 5.5, as well as areas for servicing crane tracks, cranes, conveyors, monorails and lamps ...
The area of ​​premises occupying two or more floors in height within a multi-storey building (double-height and multi-height) should be included in the total area within one floor.
When determining the number of storeys in a building, sites, tiers of shelves and mezzanines are taken into account, the area of ​​which at any level is more than 40% of the floor area of ​​the building.
The floor area of ​​the building within the fire compartment is determined along the inner perimeter of the outer walls of the floor, excluding the area of ​​the stairwells. If there are platforms and whatnots, the floor area includes in a one-story building the area of ​​all platforms, tiers of whatnots and mezzanines, in multi-storey building- the area of ​​sites, tiers of whatnots and mezzanines within the distance in height between the marks of the sites, tiers of whatnots and mezzanines with an area at each elevation of more than 40% of the floor area of ​​the floor. The floor area of ​​the building within the fire compartment does not include external ramps for road and rail transport.
The building area is determined along the outer perimeter of the building at the basement level, including protruding parts, driveways under the building, parts of the building without external enclosing structures.
4.12. The building volume of a building is defined as the sum of the building volume of the above-ground part from the +/- 0.00 mark and the underground part from the finished floor level to +/- 0.00.
The construction volume of the aboveground and underground parts of the building is determined within the outer surfaces of the enclosing structures, including light and aeration lamps, of each part of the building.
4.13. Administrative and utility buildings, as well as administrative and utility rooms for those working in industrial buildings or warehouses should be designed in accordance with the requirements of SP 44.13330.
4.14. Automatic fire extinguishing and fire alarm systems should be provided in accordance with SP 5.13130.
Systems for warning and management of evacuation of people in case of fire should be provided in accordance with SP 3.13130.