When can you lend. How to lend correctly

In order not to lose financial well-being, you need to lend money correctly.

Everyone at least once in his life had to help out a friend with money or borrow himself. Unfortunately, sometimes there are situations that you cannot do without the help of loved ones. There is an opinion that it is impossible to lend money. Also, some believe that you can lend only the amount that you are ready to mentally say goodbye to. This information is not entirely correct.

There are several rules for how to lend and accept money. Your financial well-being depends on how correctly you do it. Firstly, on some days of the month, you should generally avoid any procedures related to money - these are 1, 6, 11, 15 and 23 days in the lunar calendar.

How to lend money correctly?

You need to lend money in the morning.
It is not accepted to give money on Sunday, Monday and Tuesday.
Debt should be avoided on Orthodox church holidays.
Money must be handed over with your right hand, even if you are left-handed.
There is another interesting sign: you cannot lend an amount that starts with the number 2. For example, 20 or 200 rubles. Such sums are hard to return.
You need to make sure that the person does not drop the money when he takes it from you.
If you lend to a person with great financial difficulties, then you do not need to hand him money from hand to hand. So you can take over his problems for yourself. Transfer the amount to the card or hand the money in an envelope.
When lending money, ask the person for a small coin or bill. This money will "attract" debt back into your pocket.
Do not lend more than 30% of your monthly income.
In the end, feel free to ask for bail or at least a receipt.

How to borrow money correctly?

It is customary to take money with your left hand, because it is on the side of your heart, which means that you take money with a pure heart.
Do not borrow from unfamiliar people if you do not know anything about their material well-being. This can shake your already precarious financial situation. Try to borrow from wealthy and successful people.
If you borrowed large bills, then you need to give them in small ones. Change money before repaying the debt.
Don't give money over the threshold. Go to the apartment, say hello to the owner. It is better not to hand over the money, but to put it on the chest of drawers.
Always repay your debt in a good mood. This will attract the energy of money and financial luck to you.
Auspicious days for debt repayment are Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. An exception is church holidays.

In the life of every person there are times when it is necessary to borrow money from friends or relatives. Sometimes it is morally difficult to do this, and it is especially difficult to live with the knowledge that a "favor" hangs on you.

What is the right way to borrow money so that you don't feel excruciatingly ashamed? And how can we tactfully negotiate with those who help us?

Start with the main thing

If you understand that you just need money and a loan cannot be avoided, get down to business energetically. When you call your friends, you don't need to mislead them by asking, "How are you?" or offering to meet for some unknown reason. Better to say directly: “I have business with you. Can you lend me some money?" Don't use phrases like "Could you ...", "Would you mind?" - they immediately provoke a refusal. In general, it is better not to approach people who, as you know, are stingy. Choose a borrower not on the basis of the “rich” principle, but on the basis of the wording “not stingy”. Sometimes it is easier to ask a person with limited funds who may well come into your position.

Set deadlines

Do you know how to ask for money so that anyone would be happy to borrow? You need to immediately name the time when you can repay the debt. The request may sound like this: "Borrow me a thousand rubles by Monday," "Borrow five hundred rubles by the fifth," and so on. Then it is immediately clear to a person that you are not carelessly approaching the issue of a loan, but are counting on when you will be able to repay. This characterizes you from the good side. Another trick: explain the seriousness of your plans, what you are borrowing. For example, you urgently need to buy boots for your child, you need to repair the washing machine. The person who interests you is not indifferent to this. After all, he gives you money that he could spend on himself right now. The suspicion that you will waste them on nonsense is undesirable.

Tell us about your plans

Well, you borrowed money, spent it, and now you have only one task - to give it back on time. Alas, human psychology is such that often he considers borrowed money as some kind of "crazy". When the time comes to give them away, it becomes a pity for something. And why? Because we do not treat borrowed money as our own. And you need to treat them just like that! Immediately, having borrowed a certain amount, deduct it from your future salary. Then it will not be so difficult for you to part with money later.

The second point is to give it on time. It is very important! If you violate the agreements, then no one will take you, no matter how much you promise to "pay from the salary." So if you suspect that you will not be able to deliver on time, inform the person in advance and apologize. If he can't wait, re-borrow. It is very important!

Give beautifully

When we need to intercept money, we are ready to go for it anywhere and at any hour. But often, by repaying a debt, people begin to set conditions for the one from whom they borrowed. Today I can’t, but let’s drive up there and so on.

Let's call it an ugly act without exaggeration. The best way to show gratitude to the person who helped you out is to give him the money on time, arriving at the right time, at the appointed hour, and also say thank you. Aerobatics, if you have improved your financial situation, add some trifle to the envelope. For example, a box of chocolates. Then the person will understand that it is pleasant to deal with you and - most importantly - you can be trusted.

Give and take no more!

No matter how you stick to the etiquette of the loan, it is still unpleasant. How to make it so that you no longer have to borrow? The answer is simple: you only need to spend what you have, and not a ruble more! If you run out of money, you just stop spending it, switching to hay and straw. True, it is advisable to trace in advance when the money began to run out, so that you do not have to borrow for bread. It is clear that you cannot live without food, without paying for transport, for a telephone. But it is quite possible to save on a gift for a loved one, if you are not with the money. Or even new winter boots, if the old ones have not yet fallen apart. It's better than going into debt.

How to save money?

If you suddenly discover that you have the last thousand left in your wallet, there must be some kind of stash. Take care of this in advance. As soon as you receive a salary, break the entire amount into small parts - for the household, for vacation, just in case, etc. Sometimes a 500 hid somewhere can save the day. In addition, when starting a new stash, you seem to receive a signal that there is less money and you need to be careful. When they lie in a big heap, it seems that they have no end, and therefore a person can waste.

Number

Save 10 percent of your income every month so you never have money problems. You need to put this money in a place where it is not easy to get it. For example, you can open a bank account.

If you want to lose a friend, give him a loan. This time-tested bitter truth teaches careful handling of money. The giver risks funds and relationships much more than the taker. The simple rules described in this article will help protect your own nerves and wallet from unfulfilled promises.

Who can be borrowed

As a rule, rather close people - relatives, friends, colleagues - apply with this or that amount. Fearing being known as a curmudgeon or ruining relationships, many people mindlessly agree. It should be remembered that a financial problem can cool even the warmest feelings.

It is recommended to take a responsible approach to the decision - to give money or not. In this matter, it is better to discard emotions and personal attachment in order to soberly assess the capabilities, honesty and reliability of the applicant. It is not forbidden to ask about the purposes for which the finances will be spent, and to request guarantees of debt repayment. The reaction to these actions will clearly determine the intentions of the person asking - if they are serious, then the request to explain the situation will not cause negativity.

When making a decision, you need to take into account the personal relationship with the applicant, the real need for financial assistance, stability and the approximate amount of his earnings. Valuable things (electronics, jewelry, car) left as a pledge can act as additional guarantees.

If there is no confidence in the reliability, it is advisable to consult with loved ones, to find out more about the borrower in his environment. There are several types of people who should not be given money, no matter how they ask:

Those who already took in debt and did not return his. If a person neglects his own promises once, there is no guarantee that he will not do it again.
Those who laughs it off and leaves from answers to inquiries and does not want make out receipt... This speaks of a frivolous attitude to debt and an unwillingness to repay it in the future.
To people who have addiction problems(from alcohol, drugs, gambling). Their social and personal responsibility, as well as their ability to control themselves, is a big question. Most likely, the amount taken will be completely spent on the addiction.
For children and adolescents even if they are well known to the lender. If a child of a relative or friend asks for funds, it is better to discuss this issue in the presence of the parents. They, in turn, are obliged to control the child's expenses and.

The decision whether to lend money is not easy to make, and just as hard to refuse. It depends entirely on the will of the giver. Any pressure, blackmail or threats from the applicant are unacceptable.

How to lend

So, the choice has been made, and all that remains is to correctly execute the deal. Yes, yes, even an amicable agreement between loved ones is better to draw up according to the rules. If something goes wrong, it will help the judge resolve the dispute.

Calculate an acceptable amount

Of course, those asking for a loan can demand millions, but what's the point if the salary of the future creditor is barely enough for bread and butter. Establishing an amount that can be painlessly paid is the first step in a sound financial transaction.

There is a widespread belief that one should give exactly the amount that a person is ready to lose irrevocably. This approach is pessimistic, but it has a right to exist. The main rule is that the donated funds should not be the last or taken from those set aside for necessary expenses.

Some people find it more convenient to give back their savings, others prefer to temporarily stop (of those that are not urgently needed). If there is a source of passive income (an apartment for rent, interest on deposits, a virtual business), it will be convenient to take funds from there. In the absence of other options, you can offer the applicant to give out 10-15% of earnings monthly. This amount will not greatly affect the family budget.

Discuss the terms of the deal

Before you properly formalize the debt, you need to talk, or better, write down all the terms of the agreement. In order not to rely on the honesty and conscientiousness of the borrower, it is necessary to jointly discuss the nuances of the agreement before issuing funds.

What needs to be decided apart from the loan amount:

Availability and amount of interest... By law, an individual has the right to set the rate for the use of his money, as is the case in banks. Since it is not accepted to lend at interest to close people in Russia, you can replace the commission with a request for a service or a gift.
Term and method of return... Set a specific date by which the money must be returned. It is also determined whether this will be a one-time payment or whether it can be divided into parts, in what form the return occurs - in cash, on a card, by postal order.
Penalties and forfeits... This clause will additionally stimulate the debtor to take the issue of return seriously. The amount of interest should be assigned for each day of delay or a lump sum payment for violation of the terms of the contract.
Pledge... Lending on bail (as an option for those in doubt) is a good way to hedge against non-repayment. As a rule, valuables are pledged for transactions worth more than 100 thousand rubles. The lender needs to check the serviceability, authenticity and ownership of the value to the owner.

Make a transfer of funds

Do not hesitate to document the agreement, this will protect both parties from fraud. It is important that the document is drawn up correctly, because the slightest mistake or inaccurate wording will not allow the return of the savings through the court.

The person who borrowed the money personally writes the receipt, by hand. This is necessary in order to be able to check the handwriting if it comes to proceedings. It is not forbidden to call witnesses who will sign and certify the fact of the transfer of cash. If the amount exceeds 100-150,000, in addition, it is recommended to sign a loan agreement. It has more legal force than a plain bond paper.

How to write a debt receipt correctly:

Indicate in full the data from pages 1 and 2 of the passports of the parties to the agreement (full name, registration, issued by, date of birth, etc.).
Write the amount in numbers and words. Also note that the money has been received.
Prescribe the terms of return (terms, penalties, interest).
Put the current date, signatures, indicate that the receipt was drawn up by the debtor himself.

The paper is drawn up in 2 copies - for the borrower and the lender. Notarization is not necessary, but it will give the document more weight (legislatively and psychologically). When finances are returned, the receipt is destroyed or they write that the debt has been paid off.

How not to lend

To refuse, especially to a stranger, can be more difficult than agreeing. Even if there are good reasons, refusal can be perceived as a personal insult, mistrust and greed.

The main thing to remember when rejecting a request for debt is a right, not an obligation. If a close relative or friend needs cash, and there is no way to help financially, it is worth discussing together other ways to solve the problem.

How to refuse to give a debt so as not to offend:

Calmly and politely explain the reason for this decision. No need to go into details, what a hard life and how hard it is to earn money. It is enough to refer to the recent large spending or the need to repay the loan.
Suggest an alternative - send the person to a bank or microfinance company. The latter consider applications in a short time and issue money according to the passport on the day of application. In the case when a small amount is urgently needed, the best solution is to take a microloan. It will relieve the asking one of the need to make excuses and "strain" acquaintances.
If you really want to help, but there are no free funds, you can offer any service, things or products. Refusal of such assistance should be alarming - it usually means that the borrower does not really need it.
If the borrower insists, begs, presses on pity, it is worth ending the conversation and not succumbing to his tricks. No need to take on the material problems of even the best friend. Also, do not be afraid to say: "I do not want to lend." No one is obliged to justify their unwillingness.

To avoid constant requests for loans, you should not talk a lot about your own income, winnings and purchases. The image of a well-earning person will only cause bewilderment in case of refusal to issue a debt.

Conclusion

Many people do not lend money on principle, and this position is easy to understand. A financial issue can spoil communication and even negate it. The decision of the future lender must be balanced and deliberate. It is necessary to take it on a "cold head", not succumbing to the momentary impulse to help.

The transfer of money for temporary use (loan) in most cases is carried out between acquaintances and close people who do not burden themselves with the legal execution of the transaction. However, this approach is a strong risk for the lender, which, firstly, has no guarantees that it will be able to receive funds at the agreed time, and secondly, it loses legal protection in case of non-return.

We will tell you how to act and how to lend money correctly, so that you can accurately return the transferred funds back, and the borrower compensated not only for their use, but also honestly answered for possible deviations from the terms of the transaction.

1. Indicate your position

Probably everyone has heard about cases when a relative or friend borrowed money on parole, and then delayed the return or disappeared altogether. Of course, this does not always mean the original malicious intent, because a person can really face very difficult circumstances. But you don't want to part with your money either. Therefore, always ask the borrower for a receipt or draw up a contract. This disciplines him, and gives you guarantees. Don't be afraid of misunderstandings or quarrels. First, you are acting sincerely and simply defending your interests. Secondly, you have nothing to lose in case of failure. This is the primary point in the question of how to lend money correctly.

2. Reinforce the fact of the transfer of money

The simplest document confirming the transfer of money from one person to another is a receipt. However, it is not a loan agreement and does not completely replace it. In some cases, even if you have it, you may not receive money.

Experts and lawyers say that a receipt is the best document for supporting small loans, and when borrowing large amounts, it is better to spend time and effort on drawing up a loan agreement. In it, you can define in more detail the interest, the procedure and schedule of payments, penalties for delay, bail, surety and other points.

3. Competently draw up a receipt

How to lend a small amount of money correctly? To arrange a loan between two individuals in small amounts (from 10 to 100 thousand rubles), as a rule, a written transaction (receipt) is sufficient. If it is not there, attempts to collect money in court are often not crowned with success even if there are witnesses confirming the transfer (there are still chances, but the process becomes much more complicated). If there is a receipt, these testimonies become significant.

Written agreement in the presence of witnesses - high chances of getting the money back through the court

Surname, name, patronymic and passport details of the parties;
the exact amount of the loan, both in numbers and in words;
the fact of transfer of funds;
interest and conditions of return;
the date by which the debt must be paid;
sanctions in case of delayed return;
the date on which the document was drawn up;
signature of the parties.

The receipt must be handwritten by the borrower. This makes it impossible to declare that he did not participate in the preparation of the document, and the signature was forged. If filled in manually, the lender will be able to confirm the legality of the transaction using a handwriting examination.

Sample receipt

Important! According to the law (article 317, paragraphs 1 and 2 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), all monetary obligations in the Russian Federation are expressed in rubles. Foreign currencies can be specified only for the expression of the equivalent.

The transaction can be made even more reliable by conducting in the presence of witnesses who can confirm the fact of the transfer of funds. But remember that witnesses do not accept responsibility for the debtor.

4. Determine the percentages

In accordance with Article 809 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, individuals, like banks, can lend money at interest. It is necessary to establish an understandable procedure for the payment of money - one in which the borrower, bailiffs and the court will be able to understand if the terms of the transaction are violated. Any interest can be determined by law, but if it is too high, the court can cut it to the level that is usually used for such loans (and the contract can be invalidated due to onerous conditions). You must bear this in mind in order to know how to lend money correctly if you are going to lend it at interest.

Starting from June 1, 2018, amendments are in effect in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation regarding the calculation of payments under contracts and receipts with unspecified interest:

Loans up to RUB 100,000 are considered to be interest-free, unless otherwise prescribed by the terms of the transaction;

Loans over 100,000 rubles are calculated at the key rate of the Central Bank (established during the period when the borrower used the loan).

Please note that the law provides for a reduction in interest in case of early repayment of debt.

Example. You lent a friend 150,000 rubles for 1 year at 10%. He returns the full amount to you after 6 months. In such a situation, according to the law, the borrower can pay only 5% in excess of the loan amount, that is, not 15,000 rubles, but only 7,500 rubles.

In the terms of the transaction, it is possible to determine not only interest, but also fines that are imposed on the borrower in case of delay in payment. You can set a fixed or conditional amount of the fine:

You lend 60,000 rubles at 9% with a fine of 5,000 rubles in excess of interest in case of non-repayment within 3 months.

You lend 70,000 rubles at 7% with a doubling of the interest rate, if the borrower does not return the funds within 6 months.

You can also define a penalty that increases according to the delay. For example, if the borrower has not repaid the debt by December 31, 2018, from January 1, 2019, the use of the loan will cost 1% per day.

If you are afraid of conflict or rejection of a deal, think rationally about it. The borrower will have an extra incentive to pay off on time. And in case of failure to fulfill obligations on time, you will receive compensation for the nerves and efforts spent in court. A bona fide borrower should not be embarrassed by such conditions if he really plans to return everything on time.

If a fine is not defined in the terms of the receipt, and the debtor does not pay on time, it is possible without this condition to increase the amount of debt by interest for delay. According to article 395 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the borrower is charged interest for non-repayment at the agreed time, equal to the key rate. They are charged on the amount transferred for use.

6. If it came to court

The law establishes that it is possible to write an application to the court regarding the delay the very next day after the return period has expired. This rule applies to transactions in the receipt and the contract, for which a specific return period was specified. If the parties have not determined it, Article 810 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation says that the funds must be returned within 30 days after the first request. Confirmation of sending the claim in court is a certified letter addressed to the debtor.

A statement of claim in case of non-return must be drawn up in three copies: one for you, the second for the court, and the third for the borrower. Each copy of the application must be supplemented with a copy of the receipt. Leave the original with you - it will come in handy for the trial. For the timely processing of the application and the start of office work, do not forget to pay the state fee and attach a receipt.

7. Types of loans and a large amount of money

How to lend a large amount of money correctly? A more reliable document than a receipt is a loan agreement. It is made up when borrowing large sums. The exact amount is not specified in the legislation, but lawyers advise relying on the threshold of 100-150 thousand rubles. The contract, as well as the receipt, specifies the interest, conditions and procedure for the return, terms, fines and penalties.

To draw up the contract correctly, you can download the template on the Internet or contact a lawyer. The second option is safer, since a professional will help you arrange an extremely safe transaction, taking into account the current legislative nuances.

Important! When drawing up both agreements and receipts, be sure to check the information specified by the borrower in the agreement for compliance with the original sources.

The lender can indicate in the contract his preferences in choosing a court in case of non-return or dispute. Since the agreement is not drawn up in writing, it makes sense to require the borrower not only to sign, but also to write the full name, surname and patronymic by hand. This information can be used to conduct a handwriting examination. The presence of witnesses is encouraged.

Please note that upon receipt of a debt or part of it, the borrower has the right to demand a receipt from the lender.

If necessary, you can also conclude an agreement for the following types of loans, which will also allow you to understand in more detail the question of how to lend money correctly:

Target. Issued for spending money for specific purposes specified in the contract. According to article 814 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the lender has the right to control the use of the loan. In case of misuse, it may require early payment of debt and interest (the term must be specified in the contract). It is important that the goals are not vague like "promoting business" or "improving health." This wording will create great difficulties for early return.

Secured property. When establishing a pledge on movable property, you must indicate all of its data (brand, model, size, color, serial number), including the cost as assessed by the parties. The property remains with the borrower, but he cannot dispose of it until the debt is repaid. When establishing a mortgage on real estate, a written conclusion of a mortgage agreement (with state registration) is required.

Under the surety. The guarantors take responsibility for fulfilling the obligations of the borrower. As a rule, the liability of the debtor and the surety is joint and several, that is, they repay the debt jointly, but you can specify in the terms of the contract and partial liability. According to article 365, clause 1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the guarantor has the right to demand from the borrower the amount that he spent on the performance of his debt obligations.