How to get a loan to start a business. Business plan for obtaining a loan

More and more people in our country decide to change their employment to their own, albeit small, business. There are many advantages to own business, the main of which is to move from the status of a “cog” in the system to the position of an independent owner of the mechanism for generating income, to ensure financial stability and independence, as well as constant growth both in scale and in terms of profitability.

Naturally, this path is associated with certain difficulties, so not everyone decides to follow it. And the very first of them is the lack of initial investments in order to create and launch this mechanism. The question of how to get a loan to open a business is faced by every second novice entrepreneur, and the answer to it cannot be called inspiring. However, it exists, and in this article we will analyze where to start and what to do in order to get the required amount from the bank for your startup.

Why are businesses from scratch afraid to lend?

In Russia, the practice of lending to start-ups is small. If in Western European countries the share of such loans in the portfolio of banks is up to 30-35%, then in our country this figure barely reaches 1.5-2%. Why is this happening? Unfortunately, the situation at the moment is such that the development of your own business (especially at the initial stages) is associated with significant risks.

This is uncertainty, lack of credit history, as well as guarantees that everything will work out. Many young companies are closed, not even having time to declare themselves. Naturally, this forces start-up lenders to be cautious about issuing loans and only provide them after carefully checking all aspects of the potential borrower's future activities.

Startup loan: how to get it

It is not easy for a novice entrepreneur to get a loan to start a business, but it can still be done. Next, we will consider what options for receiving money currently exist for Russian startups.

Non-targeted consumer credit

The first option is bypass. If you intend to start with a small business that requires no more than 500 thousand rubles of initial investment, then this method can be very attractive. Its essence is that an employed borrower takes a loan from a bank for consumer purposes, providing the documents necessary for an individual.

The main confirmation of income in this case is the certificate 2-NDFL. At the same time, the borrower can dispose of the money received at his discretion, including sending the issued loan to open an IP.

The advantage here is that neither collateral nor guarantor is required (although not ignored). The disadvantages of this method are the limited amount that the bank is willing to provide. In many ways, it, as well as the interest rate, depends on the salary of an individual. As a rule, you can count on a loan of no more than 400-500 thousand rubles.

Loan with collateral and guarantor

The second option is extended. In order to get a slightly larger amount, say up to 1 million rubles, you can use a non-purpose loan with the provision of collateral and guarantors. So, if you have property (preferably real estate) that you are ready to pledge to the bank, then he will meet you halfway.

And if there is a person who owns real estate and is ready to act for you as a reliable guarantor, then even better. In this case, the risks of the bank are reduced, and with a great desire, he will provide you with a large amount (within certain limits), and he will offer a more interesting bet.

However, you should be well aware that in case of failure, you risk losing property, which will be valued upon pledging for a maximum of 80% of its real market value (whereas it can be sold with much more profit). Therefore, before getting a loan to open a business using this method, think a hundred times and take it only if you are absolutely sure of the success of your business.

Targeted loan for starting a business

The third option is honest, but difficult. Some banks in our country have nevertheless begun to practice business lending from scratch, although they do it with caution. However, getting into the lucky 1% who managed to receive targeted assistance from a credit institution is quite realistic.

Of course, if you approach the issue with all responsibility. First, you need to carefully study the niche in which you plan to develop your business, make sure that it is promising and has a great chance of success. Secondly, the bank needs to be convinced that the idea is thought out and it will work. There is only one way to do this - to draw up a detailed and, very importantly, up-to-date business plan for obtaining a loan.

Business plan is the key to your success

Such a plan should reflect all aspects of your future activities and provide answers to questions about where, how and why your business will operate. It is important to take into account the specifics of a particular region, to reflect market realities and ways of functioning in them. If writing a detailed and professional plan on your own is difficult for you, contact a specialist.

Do not spare money, time and effort on this, since the business plan is the starting point, the core of your business at the moment. It is he who will be assessed by the bank, deciding whether to issue a loan. Be sure to include a feasibility study of the loan in the plan, write down what and in what volumes the bank's money will go.

For example, for the purchase of equipment - one amount, for renting a room - another, for the initial purchase of raw materials or hiring personnel - a third. If a bank representative can clearly see what and in what quantities funds are needed, what return and when is expected, and also receives confirmation of the above calculations, then the chances of receiving money will increase significantly.

It is equally important to correctly present a written business plan. If everything in it is competent and very rosy, and you cannot answer some questions according to your own plan or explain what, how and why, then this will most likely lead to failure. The bank will refuse such an entrepreneur. Therefore, prepare very well before going to a credit institution. By the way, do not forget about the representative appearance.

Loan from Sberbank: business franchise

An alternative option is to take part in the "Business Start" program, which allows you to get a loan to start a business. Sberbank developed it specifically for entrepreneurs who want to start their own business, but do not have their own ideas. The bank offers to use ready-made franchise templates and put them into practice.

You can choose an option that interests you and prove that you are able to implement it. To do this, it will be necessary to draw up a business plan for a specific program, while considering all organizational and financial issues. In addition, before applying, you should register as an individual entrepreneur and collect the necessary documents, including a TIN, a certificate of a private entrepreneur, and do not forget to take your business plan.

Under this program, the borrower is considered as a potential owner of a particular business, his professional qualities are evaluated, as well as his credit history, the availability of a down payment (30%) and collateral. You can get up to 3 million rubles in this way, and in addition - advice from experienced professionals and support at the stage of business implementation.

Conclusion

If you did not know where to get a business loan and how to do it, now you see that you have alternatives. Consider each of the available options, develop a realistic and detailed business plan, make sure it works, evaluate all possible risks and try to find ways to reduce them, save "airbags" in case of failure and start looking for funding. You already know how to get a loan to start a business in different ways. It remains to make at least one of them work. Dare!