Building a stone house “in one helmet” is real, proven by a craftsman from the portal. Recommendations on how to build a house with your own hands cheaper

An increasing number of people want to change their apartment, located in a noisy city, to cozy house in the suburbs. Buying a finished house is very expensive, which is why most people prefer to build a house. In addition to the fact that this will save a considerable amount, the house can be fully planned for yourself and your family. So how is a house built?

Owning a house is the dream of many, knowing how to build a house, you can easily build your dream home and enjoy the fresh air and picturesque nature away from the bustle of the city.

Do you want to live in a private house. But what stops you is that the construction is not cheap.

We will tell you how to build a house without flying into a pipe.

Main stages of construction

To build a house, you need:

• select a project;
• lay the foundation of;
• erect, insulate walls;
• to install the roof;
• install the structures of internal partitions;
• install windows, doors;
• solve the problems of water supply, sewerage, heating, electricity supply;
• do interior decoration.

If you properly organize the work at each stage, you can really reduce the cost of construction by 3-4 times.

Choose a project

At this stage, focus on total area in relation to useful. As a standard, useful should be 75%.

In order for the construction to be inexpensive, it is necessary to increase usable area up to 90%.

Do not create auxiliary rooms, design so that there is one corridor from which you can get to the bathroom and the kitchen. The kitchen itself is combined with a living-dining room.

Give up pantries, balconies. One floor. You can save a lot if you don't build a garage. It will be replaced by a good covered canopy.

Laying the foundation

Before laying, conduct a geological survey. Find out how deep under the house lie ground water. Based on this, choose the type of foundation.

For one-story house it will be enough to lay a shallow strip foundation. After digging the pit, we begin to build the formwork. For this we need boards and timber:

• structural strength is greatly enhanced if reinforcement (15-20 mm) is used;
• for waterproofing, use roofing material;
• concrete can be made independently by renting a concrete mixer.

The main condition for foundation work is the high quality of the rammer. So you will avoid the appearance of voids in the concrete. You can tamp the solution with a bayonet shovel or a large chopper.

Building and insulating walls

You can use wood, brick, aerated concrete or foam concrete. There are big problems with the tree. Even good impregnation will not provide you with reliable fire safety.

Brickwork requires a solid foundation, the need to constantly heat the room. Otherwise, the rooms immediately fill with dampness.

Use aerated concrete or foam concrete.

Insulate the walls with polystyrene foam. Plates are mounted with glue, dowels.

Building a roof

The most economical roof structure is a gable roof. You will need:

• roofing;
• timber, boards.

We choose pine. It is the cheapest and easiest to handle. From the pine there will be a Mauerlat (fits on the wall) and a ridge beam. The order of work is as follows:

• we fix the Mauerlat;
• install rafters;
• we make installation of the skate;
• we mount the crates;
• We do roof installation.

The cheapest roofing material is metal profile. We will categorically refuse asbestos-cement slate, it is unsafe from an environmental point of view. And ondulin is expensive, like tiles.

Internal partitions

They can be made from:

• bricks;
• tree;
• slag concrete;
• foam concrete;
• drywall.

To reduce the cost of construction as much as possible, we give preference to drywall. It is affordable and easy to install. The work will take place in 3 stages:

• Fastening guide profiles along the floor-ceiling line.
• Installation of vertical racks. Rack pitch not less than 60 cm.
• Screwing drywall sheets to profiles.

When organizing partitions for a bathroom, be sure to use soundproofing material.

We install windows and doors

We choose metal-plastic windows for the house. The package can be 2 or 3 chamber. It depends on the climate. We install a metal entrance door. Interroom can be from MDF.

We carry out communications

We produce sewerage, water supply using plastic pipes. Issues of heat and hot water will be solved by a gas double-circuit boiler.

Pay special attention to electrical wiring. It is better to entrust its installation to specialists.

Interior decoration

Walls are the cheapest to wallpaper. We lay linoleum or inexpensive carpet on the floor. The bathroom is decorated with ceramic tiles. There are many materials for interior decoration. Explore, compare prices and make a choice.

Each person decides for himself where he wants to live. For someone not better apartments in a multi-storey building, a room in a hostel is enough for someone ... And someone dreams of their own house, away from neighbors and the bustle of city life. If you belong to this type of people, then you need to know some of the nuances associated with the upcoming construction.

1. The first thing you should do is decide on the place where you want to see your house later. It is recommended to choose areas to which communications have already been connected, otherwise you may have difficulties during construction. It would be nice if an asphalt road led to the site. Agree that driving on it is much more convenient than making your way through puddles and potholes. If you are already going to live away from the city, then you should pay attention to the remoteness of the site from industrial enterprises or city dumps.

2. Next, you should decide on in cash, or rather, how much you can afford to spend, where to get the missing amount. You can keep saving, you can borrow from friends, or you can go to the bank for a loan. These parameters will determine how soon you start construction and how soon you finish it.

3. After that, you need to make a project. Here you can do it in two ways. The first, and easiest, is to find ready-made version in the Internet. There are enough on the net standard projects and you can always find something you like. But if this categorically does not suit you, then you can contact the specialists and order a project that will take into account all your wishes. But in this case, you should know: the more complex the project, the more larger amount money you have to part.

4. At the stage of project preparation, you need to decide what material your home will be built from.

· . The most environmentally friendly and most expensive material. There is no need to spend money on an expensive foundation. Wood breathes and creates a wonderful indoor climate. But he needs constant care. Wood requires impregnation with special compounds, it is subject to combustion.

· Brick. This material is fireproof, it “breathes”, it is not subject to fungus and mold. But, on the other hand, the brick has low thermal insulation properties. In addition, a brick building requires the construction of a reinforced foundation.

· Aerated concrete blocks. This material has high thermal insulation properties. Due to the large size of the blocks, their use will help save money and time spent on building walls. The disadvantage of the material is that the blocks absorb moisture, which can cause cracks when freezing.

· frame structure. Ready-made panels allow you to quickly build a building, they have a low cost and high thermal insulation. But frame houses subject to combustion.

5. Next, you should decide on the number of storeys of the house. It all depends on the area of ​​the site. In a small area, it is desirable that the building occupies a minimum area. In such cases, a house with two floors or an attic floor is preferred. But it should be understood that at least the cost square meter there are fewer multi-storey buildings, but for the construction of a staircase, which, by the way, eats up a lot of usable space, additional financial injections will be required.

6. It is necessary to calculate the costs of the foundation. We list the main types of foundation:

· Monolithic. Very solid base in the form of a solid plate. But it is also very expensive, as it requires large funds for concrete and reinforcement.

Nowadays, there is a tendency when more and more city dwellers prefer their own home, even if it is inferior in terms of comfort to city apartments. In addition, many are owners of old summer cottages inherited from their parents, which are quite suitable for building decent housing.

However, building a house is a very costly business. Is it really? And is it possible to build a house with absolutely no money? Let's try to understand this issue below.

Of course, it is impossible to build a house without investing a penny. At a minimum, funds will be required for fastenings, interior decoration, and delivery of material. However, with the manifestation of some skill and imagination, you can meet the size of the average monthly salary.

Where does the house begin?

If we talk about construction, then the house does not begin with a staircase or a hallway, but with a foundation. Today there is such a cheap and unusual type of foundation as used car tires. And although at first glance it sounds ridiculous, the reliability of such a foundation has been proven in practice. Its obvious advantage is that the material can be obtained for free in the right quantity.

The technology is based on the fact that the tires are filled by two-thirds with compacted sand, which over time, under the influence of the weight of the house, becomes caked and reaches the level of stone in terms of strength characteristics. The sand-free third of the tire acts as a shock absorber, smoothing out seasonal ground fluctuations.

Walls

Those who want to get by with minimal costs when building a home should turn to the experience of antiquity to build warm and reliable walls. Adobe construction, when the walls are assembled from blocks made of clay, sand and straw, will do just fine. All components are thoroughly mixed, compacted and the resulting mixture is laid out in the form of blocks. After drying in the sun, the material is ready for use.

Roof

by the most affordable option when erecting the roof is used slate. Finding a house whose owners are changing the roof is not difficult. The best option would be to agree with them on how to independently remove the old sheets of slate.

To build a solid ceiling, you need a beam. A valid option here would be to use the wood left during the dismantling of the old building or the construction of a new one. If there are any funds, then you can simply buy out a tree that the owners do not need, or they can agree on barter, providing the owners with all possible assistance in construction.

What should and cannot be saved on during construction

If you do not consider such extreme conditions, as described above, when the house is actually being built by yourself, the question still remains, what can and should be saved on during construction, and what should not be spared.

1. You need to pay due attention to the location of the site. The cost of land within the city limits is higher in value, but all communications have already been installed. A suburban area can result in additional costs for its owner for the supply of gas, water and electricity.
2. Quality design and thoughtful choice of materials will help to save significantly, although at first glance the fee for good project and may seem like a waste of money. You should also give preference to designs and materials that meet modern requirements. Many modern materials perform several functions at once, for example, wall insulation can simultaneously be heat and sound insulation and fire protection. In addition, you should pay attention to durable materials that will help to significantly postpone the next overhaul. For example, modern thermal insulation materials for roofing last about 50 years, but their cheap counterparts based on bitumen will have to be replaced no later than in two decades.

   If the development individual project the customer can not afford, that is, the option to purchase finished project. Its cost is significantly lower, but a huge plus is that other people have already experienced them. In addition, small changes can always be made to the project, which will cost much less than developing a new project.

3. The issue of work technology is very important in the construction process. In the event that there is no project, the work is carried out without drawings, then it will be difficult to track the consumption during the construction process building materials and the degree of quality of work performed. For example, if you make accurate calculations of how much cladding is required, taking into account the available corners, windows, etc., then the savings can be up to twenty percent. The main goal pursued in the preparation of the project is the choice of the most economical construction technology, which helps to save the customer's budget from unforeseen and unnecessary expenses.
4. In addition to calculations and the choice of materials, the issue of their logistics is very important. Materials must certainly be delivered to the construction site at the time required by the construction technology. This will help to reduce the costs associated with paying for the work of builders, will lead to an improvement in the quality of work, and will also increase the speed of its implementation.
5. In the process of choosing the most economical way to build a house, do not forget about the seasonal factor. The most optimal time for construction is the spring and summer periods. As a rule, contractors set discounts for their services at this time. The quality factor should not be overlooked either. The foundation will be laid most efficiently in warm and dry weather, but in rain or snow it is likely that the foundation will be laid poorly, which will lead to additional costs in the future.

   A good scheme for savings would be such a construction scheme, when the foundation is laid at the end of summer, and all other work is carried out in autumn and winter. With considering modern technologies, there are many options on the market that allow you to build in any weather without losing quality.

6. The foundation itself can also be a reason to save money. if you choose wisely. There are more expensive and more democratic options, but the most the best option will choose the type of foundation for that particular place on which the house will stand.

However, in an effort to reduce the cost estimate for repairs, one should not go to the other extreme and pursue only cheapness at the expense of quality.

Firstly, low-cost and low-quality plumbing, electrical, ventilation and heating equipment fails in the first place and entails new purchases or repair costs, which sometimes turn out to be comparable in price to buying a new device.

Secondly, it is necessary to carefully select the direct executors of construction work. Many teams that set ultra-low prices for their services actually do their job so poorly that due to the correction of their mistakes by other specialists, the cost of the work increases significantly. Here you need to find trusted and responsible builders, because wages are about one tenth of the total amount for construction.

It is also worth considering whether all the work will be performed by the same specialists, or several teams will work on the house in turn. Of course, the turnkey implementation by the same people will cost the customer much less than the involvement of different specialists from different companies. Do not neglect the bonuses that are in working with a contractor. For example, these may be discounts from suppliers of building materials that contractors often work with.

Legal guarantees are also an important factor. In the case of doing business with a legally operating company, there is always the opportunity to call them to account for poor-quality work, and even receive compensation through the courts.

conclusions

Summing up, we can say that if the task is to build a house at minimal cost, then a lot can be done with your own hands from materials mined for a nominal fee. Whether this house will be durable and aesthetically pleasing is another question, however, with proper skill, you can build a solid roof over your head for absolutely ridiculous money.

If the issue of money is not so acute, but you still want to save money, then the main advice here is to use quality materials in combination with modern building technologies. This will help to get a comfortable home that will serve its owner for many years. Well, do not forget about the saying that the miser pays twice. In matters of construction, this folk wisdom is more relevant than anywhere else.

Thoughts about a country or private house visit, probably, any person. For some, this remains a dream, while others take action. Building a house is a serious step that requires solving many issues both before the start of work and during construction. In order to build a house that meets all the requirements cheaply, it is necessary to study each stage of construction and identify opportunities for cost savings.

Comfortable accommodation for little money - what is the most important thing?

Site selection is one of the important steps. The cost, comfort and much more depends on where the house will be located. For a city dweller, it is important that the place of residence is in an ecologically clean place surrounded by green spaces. A big plus would be the presence of a reservoir. These conditions are important for health and aesthetic enjoyment. Infrastructure and communications are important for comfortable living. The cost of the house includes not only the cost of its construction, but also further maintenance during operation. This implies the importance of the availability of transport, the proximity of central communications to which you can connect.

The topography of the area has a great influence on the cost of construction. geographical conditions. If the site is uneven, then you may have to invest additional funds to level it. This also applies to flooded areas, which may require reclamation work to drain. If groundwater is located close to the surface of the earth, you will either have to abandon the basement or make additional waterproofing. The relief also affects the laying of communications.

To build a house with as little money as possible, you need a dry and flat area.

As for the direct construction of a house, the following factors affect its cost:

• the layout and size of the dwelling;
• foundation (depth, material, type);
• material for floors, walls, roofs and other elements;
• Decoration Materials;
• installation of doors and windows;
• warming;
• communication systems (water supply, sewerage, gas, heating, electricity).

We start construction with the creation of a project. It is at this stage that we calculate the preliminary estimate.

The impact of size and layout on the value of a home

To build a house inexpensively will allow choosing the optimal size and a good layout. It is better to entrust the project to specialists in order to correctly calculate the loads and perform an economically beneficial layout. When developing a project, one should take into account how many people will live in it. When designing, one should strive to ensure that the external dimensions of the house are close to a square. Thus, with the same area, the perimeter of the walls will be minimal, which means that the length of the walls and, accordingly, the foundation will be minimal. This will make it possible to save on building materials.

When choosing a layout, you need to focus on a functional option that is convenient for living. Residential and utility rooms should be compactly located on the smallest possible area. The possibility of future redevelopment with the least losses should also be taken into account. So internal walls should not be carriers or their number should be minimal.

The most economical option for floors is the construction of a one-story house. line up cottage You can do it yourself, without resorting to hired labor. When erecting high-rise building have to bear additional expenses on floors, stairs, a large number of windows. Under the stairs it is necessary to allocate space, which reduces the usable area. If you build an attic, we save money on building walls, but we increase the cost of building a roof.

To build budget house with your own hands, it is better to choose a roof of a simple design, for example, a gable roof. To save material, the angle of elevation should be made small, then less wood will go to the roof, and its area will decrease. When choosing a roof of complex construction, you will have to spend money on valleys, corners, lucarnes, windows in the attic and various tin elements - such a roof will increase the cost of construction by 40%.

The cheapest roof coverings:

• ondulin;
• metal tile:
• slate;
• soft roofing materials;
• corrugated board.

From natural materials, you can use straw, reeds, wood. Any roof requires insulation, hydro and vapor barrier.

How to save on foundation and have a solid foundation

The foundation takes up to 30% total cost. It depends on the depth of the foundation being laid and the materials used. On the one hand, I want to save on the foundation and make it lighter. But it is the foundation of the house and the future operation of the building depends on it. If the foundation does not meet the load, then uneven shrinkage is possible, cracks may appear on the walls and ceilings, all this threatens with destruction.

If a basement is planned, then it will not be possible to save on the basis, since you will have to make a recessed tape version, on which there is a lot of material. When choosing a foundation, one should take into account the characteristics of the soil, the material of the walls, the number of storeys, the future weight of the building with communications and furniture. Economically profitable options are the following types:

• shallow-deep;
• unburied;
• pile;
• columnar;
• column-grillage.

These types of foundations make it possible to save on materials and labor. If the soil is sandy, clayey or rocky, there is no water when deepening a meter, then a strip foundation can be arranged with a depth of about 70-80 cm. In the presence of water, the depth should exceed a meter. When arranging the base, you can save money by preparing a concrete solution with your own hands. To do this, you need gravel, crushed stone and sand and cement of the desired brand. You can knead the solution manually in a trough or on a metal sheet. Better concrete will be obtained by using a concrete mixer, which can be rented.

The width of the foundation is made according to the thickness of the walls. In order for it to serve for a long time, it should be reinforced, as well as waterproofing, which will prevent moisture from entering and extend its service life. For waterproofing, you can take the cheapest material - roofing material. Before laying the walls, you need to wait for the foundation to stand and gain strength. It should take at least a month.

What to choose for the walls - timber, logs or shell rock?

The choice of wall material is influenced by local conditions. In a wooded area, a cheap tree. If there are deposits of natural stone nearby, then it is cheaper to build from it. This also applies to manufacturing plants - the closer they are, the cheaper the delivery, etc. When choosing a wall material, consider the following factors:

• climatic conditions;
• price;
• convenience of delivery;
• simplicity and speed of construction;
• the need for additional equipment.

When choosing what is cheaper to build a house from, study the thermal insulation qualities of the material. For harsh winters, good insulation may be required, which in turn will increase the cost of construction. In this case, sometimes it will be cheaper to buy a more expensive material with a high thermal insulation index than to bear the cost of insulation. When choosing wooden walls, you need to decide on their design. They can be solid from timber or logs or framed with insulation inside. Building a cheap house with your own hands from timber or wood is quite difficult. To do this, you need to have knowledge and experience in laying logs. Build solid wooden house makes sense where wood is cheap.

A more economical option is a frame or frame-panel house. Such houses are widespread in Canada and the United States. They are light, so inexpensive foundation options can be used for them: pile, shallow or columnar.

Thanks to the insulation, which is placed in the interior of the frame walls, the houses are obtained with good thermal insulation, which makes it possible to save on heating. Frame buildings are built very quickly. For the frame, boards or timber are used, followed by sheathing. If the frame option scares off with its unreliability, you can build a house from artificial or natural stone materials. But at the same time, it must be remembered that the thermal insulation of such a house is possible in three ways:

1. 1. Make the walls thick enough, but it's not cheap.
2. 2. Insulate the walls with a heat insulator.
3. 3. Use modern building materials with a porous structure: foam concrete, aerated concrete.

The first option turns out to be expensive, since, in addition to the fact that a lot of material goes to the walls, a reliable foundation is needed that can withstand the weight of stone walls. Which option will be cheaper - from porous material or stone walls with insulation, you need to calculate taking into account masonry and distant exterior finishes. You can use shell rock for walls. This is a cheap natural material, with it the walls "breathe". True, the openings of doors and windows need to be strengthened with metal corners.

Cob is one of the cheapest options

One of the cheapest is an adobe house. For walls, dried blocks are used, consisting of clay and straw, which are formed in special forms. The advantage of an adobe house is that you can make blocks with your own hands from inexpensive materials. The speed of construction depends on the size of the blocks. If the dimensions of the elements are large, then few blocks will go away. Adobe blocks can be used as a heater in.

Communications - comfort that can be cheap

Before the floor device and it is necessary to lay engineering systems.To build a house cheaply with your own hands, you need to correctly calculate and arrange communication systems:

• water supply;
• sewerage;
• heating.

To save money, it is better to install. It will allow in the future during operation to save on heating the underfloor heating device. For this, lay plastic pipes and fill them cement mortar. Thus, the whole house can be heated. If necessary, a main heating system can be installed. It is important to properly make the ventilation system so that the house is well ventilated to prevent the accumulation of moisture, which can cause mold and mildew. Also, there should be no drafts in the house. If you insulate the walls, install the heating and ventilation system correctly, you can build a warm and comfortable home.

When installing sewerage and water supply, you need to accurately calculate the amount of material, using the plan of the house, in order to lay pipes with maximum benefit. When planning a dwelling, the premises to which it will be necessary to supply sewerage and water supply should be placed close to each other in order to save on pipes. Pipes are better to use plastic. They are easy to install and durable.

If there is a central water supply and sewerage system, this will significantly reduce the cost of installing a water and sewer system. In their absence, it is necessary to install at least a small septic tank, which can be built from concrete rings or eurocubes. The cheapest option for obtaining water is on a site with walls made of concrete rings. The second option is more expensive -. Its value depends on the depth. The owner has the right to choose which water horizon to use. Electricity and gas supply should be done by specialists.

What decoration will make the house beautiful - several options

The cheapest way to finish the facade is siding or decorative plaster. You can sheathe a house with siding yourself, for this you do not need to have much experience repair work. There are many color schemes, which allows you to choose the lamellas to your taste. If you buy high-quality material, then a house finished with siding will last a long time. With the help of textured plaster, you can choose almost any color of the facade. It is important that the color of the walls of the house is in harmony with the color of the roof. With the right combination of colors, you can achieve that even small house a simple shape will look beautiful and attract attention.

Interior finishing includes wall, ceiling and floor finishing. After the installation of communications, a concrete floor screed should be made. Flooring choose according to the purpose of the premises. In living rooms it is better to use linoleum or laminate. For rooms with high humidity and in the kitchen, take tiles. It is practical, easy to clean, resistant to moisture and mechanical damage. When installing a thermal floor, it will not be so cold.

In order not to spend money on leveling the surface and hide imperfections, a PVC or fabric stretch ceiling would be a cheap option. If you take a glossy finish, it will visually expand the space. Matte ceilings do not give reflections, have a deep color. Drywall allows you to create a ceiling of any configuration using halogen bulbs. You can make a ceiling of plastic panels. A bleached or painted ceiling will be economically advantageous. If you follow the technology, you can make yourself a perfectly even white ceiling. To do this, you must first wash, level and primer, and then apply whitewash. A budget way to update will be a coating with water-based paint.

For wall decoration wooden houses it is better to use lining, it harmoniously looks with wooden structures. When sheathing with drywall, you can save on leveling surfaces, increase sound insulation in living rooms. A cheap way to decorate is painting, but it requires careful preliminary preparation. The cheapest option is wallpapering.