Height of a 2-storey building in meters. What is the height of one floor in a multi-storey building? Apartment buildings

It depends on the project. There are different types of panels (if the house is panel), respectively, and the height of the floor of the house can vary from 2 to 3 meters. As a rule, if we talk about a panel house, the floor height is 2.5 meters. In brick it can be slightly higher, but within 3 meters. Higher floors were in old buildings of 3-3.5 meters (Stalinist houses, 50-60 years). Now they are trying not to do more than 2.8-3 meters in height.

The height of a floor is equal to the distance from the floor of a particular floor to the floor of the higher floor. 2.8 or 3.0 m floor height of a typical residential building. In one house, the height of the floors can be different, for example, if there is a store or a public institution on the ground floor.

If we take some modern multi-storey buildings in Moscow, then the height of the first floor is 4.2 m, the height of ordinary ones is 3.2 m, the thickness of the floors is 220 mm.

Everything will depend on the project of this or that structure. If you take the stalinka, then there are ceilings of at least three meters, and in Khrushchev at least 230cm. A more or less standard height is still 2.5 m. Yes, and to be precise, you need to add the thickness of the floor, because the question asks for the height of the entire floor. So it turns out that at least you have to add another 10 cm.

Sending a "family ship" on a voyage on the ocean under the name of individual construction, one should study well the "sailing" - the objective factors that affect the cost and comfort of the future cottage.

On this path, beginners will find dangerous shoals and underwater rocks. One of the main stumbling blocks is the question of which house is better to build: one-story or two-story.

In favor of each option, not only objective, but also far-fetched arguments are cited. Getting acquainted with them, it is difficult for a developer to orientate correctly. Not understanding who to trust, he begins to act at his own peril and risk.

As a result, the budget allocated for the creation of a family nest suffers, and living conditions turn out to be worse than expected.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the main factors that need to be taken into account: the cost of construction and the convenience of living. Individual tastes and preferences, which are "innumerable", we took out of the discussion. To begin with, let us recall the first myth, which says that a two-story cottage is more profitable and more convenient than a one-story cottage. Upon closer examination, you will see that this is not entirely true.

For a correct comparison of the cost of one and two-storey buildings, it is necessary to bring them to a "common denominator": the same area, common structural elements and construction technologies. Without this, the analysis loses its meaning, since in different options the price of each stage will be different.

In popular videos on this topic, the authors make one serious mistake. In their tables, they compare not the average cost of building a cottage, but the amount of basic work. As a result, it is concluded that it is more profitable to build a one-story or two-story house. We offer a more accurate estimate based on the total estimated costs.

So, let's compare the costs of building two cottages of the same area (160 m2): one-story 10x16m and two-story 10x8m. We take the foundations of monolithic reinforced concrete tape of the same height (from the base to the upper mark of the basement 1.6 meters, width 0.5 m).

Walls (height 3 m, thickness 0.43 m) - aerated concrete blocks + facing bricks.

Overlapping of the first and second floors - wooden beams. The roof is hipped gable metal tile (tilt angle 30 degrees).

For our calculations, the average actual prices for 2017 are taken. In each case, the numbers will differ. However, our calculations will clearly show you an objective calculation algorithm and will allow you to compare one and two-story houses with other parameters.

Foundation

• The perimeter of the foundation of a one-story building (10 + 16 m) x 2 = 52 pm;
• For a cottage with a height of 2 floors of the same area, the length of the foundation tape will be less: (10 + 8 m) x 2 = 36 pm.

The volume of concrete for pouring in the first case is 52 x 0.5 x 1.6 = 41.60 m3. In the second option, we need 36 x 0.5 x 1.6 = 28.80 m3. Saving concrete for a 2-storey building will be: 41.60 - 28.80 = 12.80 m3. On filling the blind area (width 1 meter, thickness 0.1 m), we will save (52-36) x 1.0 x 0.1 = 1.6 m3.

The difference in concrete and reinforcement works, taking into account the price of materials, will be equal to (12.80 + 1.6 = 14.40 m3) x 5,000 rubles. = 72,000 rubles. in favor of the "two-story building". If we add foam insulation to this amount (8,000 rubles), then the result will grow up to 80,000 rubles.

Walls

For some, this will be news, but the wall area of ​​a one-story building is less than that of a two-story one:

• 52 pm x 3m height = 156 m2;
• 36 lm x 6 m height = 216 m2.

The difference is 60 m2. Saving on masonry (facing brick + aerated concrete), taking into account work and materials, will be equal to 60 m2 x 3400 rubles / m2 = 204,000 rubles.

To this amount, you need to add the rise in price due to high-rise work on the 2nd floor (forests + coefficient of complexity). It is at least 15% (204,000 x 1.15 = 234,600 rubles)

As we can see, at the masonry stage, the savings on the foundation are completely "eaten up" by the walls. Therefore, on a two-story building, we go into minus by 154,600 rubles (234,600 - 80,000 rubles).

Slabs and roof

In the one-level and two-level versions of buildings, the floor areas are the same (160 m2 each). Therefore, in the dispute about what is cheaper to build, this point of disagreement does not cause disagreement.

But the roof of the "one-story building" in question is 91 m2 larger (taking into account the slope of the slopes of 30 degrees). The increase in the cost of installation, taking into account the materials, will be: 91 m2 x 2 300 rubles / m2 = 209 300 rub.

Ladder

You cannot do without it in a two-level house. The price of a ladder varies over a wide range (on average, from 50 to 200 thousand rubles). The costs for it are minus the "two-story buildings". In the comparative calculation, we will take the average value of the cost - 120 thousand rubles.

Second bathroom, heating and electrical wiring

The need to equip a toilet and shower in a two-story building is beyond doubt. Getting up and down from the bedroom to the first floor, especially at night, is a dubious pleasure. The costs of plumbing, finishing materials and work in the budget option are at least 50,000 rubles. In a one-story cottage, a second bathroom is not needed.

The perimeter of the walls at the one-story building we are considering is 52 linear meters. For a two-story building, this figure is 36 x 2 = 72 pm. In terms of the length of the distribution of heating pipes, we will get the difference (20 mx 2 = 40 m) plus 8 meters for the pipes for supplying heated water and the "return" from the boiler to the upper level. The cost of installation and materials for this additional section of communications: 48 rm x 400 rubles / rm = 19 200 rubles.

The rise in the cost of power grids in a 2-storey cottage due to the longer length of the outer walls will be at least 15,000 rubles.

In total, in terms of “bathroom, heating and electrics”, the construction of a one-story building is more profitable than a two-story building. The savings will be (50,000 + 19,200 + 15,000 = 84,200 rbl.)

Price total

Comparing the cost of structures, equipment and work on the construction of two-story and one-story cottages in our example, we can draw the following conclusions:

• The foundation and the blind area at the two-story building turned out to be cheaper by 80,000 rubles;
• Her outer walls are 154,600 rubles more expensive;
• The savings on the roof are 236,600 rubles;
• The staircase increases the cost of construction by 120 thousand rubles;
• The second bathroom, together with heating and electrical networks, increases costs by 79,200 rubles.

As a result, we get: 80 000 – 154 600 + 209 300 – 120 000 – 84 200 = 69,500 rubles rise in price during the construction of a two-story house.

Completing the monetary theme, we note that a two-level cottage saves the area of ​​the site. In those regions of Russia where land is expensive, the construction of a high-rise building allows you to "win" a very tangible amount.

Pros and cons of living

The second part of the questions does not concern your wallet, but their value is no less than the size of financial investments. Having saved on a construction site, you may face serious inconveniences of living. Therefore, we will consider in more detail what advantages and disadvantages the compared buildings have.

The layout of premises that are not divided in height into two levels is more convenient for residents. With a well-designed one-story building plan, there is no need for corridors that take up a large part of the area.

In a two-level house, the main planning problem is the staircase. If you make it comfortable (wide and not cool), then it will take at least 15 m2. The desire to save on size makes it inconvenient and traumatic for the elderly and children. Partially, the loss of usable space can be compensated by placing a cloakroom or storage room under the stairs.

The second floor is a welcome corner of peace and relaxation for a family. Therefore, bedrooms are usually placed here. The noise of the utility and living rooms on the ground floor practically does not reach here.

If the building will be built in a picturesque area, then the visibility factor must be taken into account. In this regard, a two-storey cottage is beyond competition. Having made an open terrace or loggia upstairs, you can enjoy the surrounding landscapes every day. On the ground floor, you can admire only a beautiful plot and a fence.

From an architectural point of view, a high facade is more expressive and more promising than a low one. It has enough space for external decoration (columns, pilasters, cornices, belts). In addition, supporters and opponents of high buildings agree on one thing: the appearance of such buildings is more solid and richer than that of low ones.

If we talk about the cost of maintenance, then a one-story house has more advantages. Any work related to the restoration or replacement of finishes, the drainage system can be done here from a regular staircase. For repair work on a tall building, scaffolding is needed, self-assembly or rent of which "will cost a pretty penny."

When deciding which house to build, do not forget to correlate its area with the size of the site:

• on 5-6 acres, a residential building with an area of ​​120 m2 (one- or two-story) is optimally located for a family of 4 people;
• plots of 10-12 acres are best suited for cottages up to 200 m2;
• a house with an area of ​​350 - 400 m2 requires at least 15 acres of free territory.

In terms of energy efficiency, a two-story building could be considered the best option. The heat from the premises of the first level here does not go to the cold attic, but heats the second floor. However, in a two-story house, the area of ​​the outer walls is larger and, accordingly, heat loss through them is greater than in a one-story house.

conclusions

Having weighed the arguments "for and against", we can conclude that in financial terms, the construction of a one-story cottage is more profitable. Practice shows that this advantage remains in most cases, however, such a conclusion is certainly not an axiom. From the point of view of living comfort, repair and maintenance costs, the “one-story building” also outperforms the two-level building.

In the asset of a two-story house, you can write down the savings in the area of ​​the site. In addition, its advantages include a more expressive appearance of the facade and good visibility.

Video "FOR" one-story buildings:

Video "FOR" two-story buildings:

An apartment building differs from an individual one in that it has several separate exits to the land or near the apartment. Also multi-apartment houses are recognized, the height of which exceeds 3 floors, including underground, basement, attic, etc.

Classification of the number of storeys of buildings

The following classification of residential buildings is distinguished, which differ in the number of floors:

• Low-rise (1 - 3). Most often, they include individual residential buildings. The height of the building, as a rule, does not exceed 12 meters;
• Mid-rise (3-5). The height of the floors is 15 meters; this is a standard five-story building;
• Increased number of storeys (6-10). The building is 30 meters high;
• Multi-storey (10 - 25):

• High-rise. From (25 - 30).

The number of storeys of a building is considered solely by the number of aboveground floors. When calculating the number of storeys, not only the size from floor to ceiling is taken into account, but also the size of inter-storey floors.

Apartment buildings. Number of floors and height of buildings

In modern projects, the "golden mean" is the height of one floor 2.8-3.3 m.

Only highly qualified specialists are engaged in the construction of multi-storey buildings, since this business requires not only high costs, but also has many nuances.

There are the following types of multi-storey buildings:

• Panel. Refers to the budget series. Has a high build rate, but poor heat and sound insulation. The maximum number of storeys is about 25, depending on the design. In the living area, the height from floor to ceiling is 2.5 - 2.8 m, depending on the size of the panels.
• Brick. The construction speed is quite low, since the construction is expensive. Thermal and sound insulation indicators are much higher than panel ones. The optimal number of floors is 10. The height of each floor is on average 2.8 - 3 m.
• Monolithic. These buildings are quite diverse, since everything depends on the bearing capacity of concrete. They are highly seismic resistant. To improve heat and sound insulation during construction, brickwork can be used. Allows to build about 160 floors. Height from floor to ceiling 3 - 3.3 m.

How to get a permit for individual housing construction? What does a developer need to know?

The licensing authorities follow the development procedure and agree on documents for IZHS according to RSN 70-88. Thanks to them, not only the accuracy of building the site is determined, but also the layout of the dwelling and auxiliary buildings. This project needs to be well thought out, since what is not displayed in the plan will be recognized as an unauthorized structure and must be demolished or re-approved.

Without permission, that is, before the plan is approved and the documents are received, work should not begin, otherwise serious problems may arise. In order to find out exactly what documents are required to start building, you should familiarize yourself with the "Code of rules for the design and construction of JV 11-III-99".

In 2010, SNiPs were recognized as binding codes of practice that regulate urban planning activities as well as engineering, design and construction.

In order to obtain permission, you need to contact the BTI or the city's architectural department to provide:

• an application for a building permit;
• documents establishing the right to use the site;
• certificate of full-scale determination of boundaries, placement of buildings, etc.;
• cadastral plan of the site;
• House project.

Once issued, the permit is valid for 10 years.

Individual housing construction

The number of storeys of an individual residential building is calculated based on the number of residents and personal preferences. The minimum height of the room according to SNiP is 2.5 m. If the height does not correspond to these parameters and turns out to be lower, then this room will be considered unsuitable for housing.

How many floors can be built on the site? On an individual site, it is permissible to build a three-storey house with a height of about 9 meters. In this case, both underground and aboveground premises are taken into account.

What can be erected on a garden plot?

Many are interested in the question of what can be erected and how many floors can be built independently on a garden plot? In addition to outbuildings on the garden plot, it is possible to build residential premises that are not suitable for registration. When erecting buildings on a garden plot, SNiP should be followed.