Transferring money for an apartment. Safety deposit box: advantages and disadvantages

On February 23, the investigation of the Moskovsky district of St. Petersburg found a case that could push Russian bankers to revise the procedure for accessing client safes and accounts using powers of attorney. It looks like the scammers were shown the loophole by a consultant from the inside. The swindlers also had accurate information about millions. The first victim was a representative of Gazprom. Probably, many tenants of the cells are still under the illusion that their cache is behind the reservation. Every operation begins with a trivial scam in the office cellular communications.

If you rent a safe deposit box at a bank, and recently some prankster turned off your mobile phone, don’t waste time reading. Hurry to check your savings.

For the rest, Fontanka learned that the Investigative Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Moskovsky District of St. Petersburg opened a criminal case on February 23 under the typical part of the fourth article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (fraud in especially large size). More tangible, the amount of loss of an employee of OJSC Gazprom amounted to 10 million rubles. The uniqueness of the situation lies in the fact that the funds were stored in a safe deposit box, and a bank employee allowed the crooks into the depository. And at the same time she did not violate the instructions.

Let us remember how at the end of last year many Russians bought currency, took it out of deposits and put it in safe deposit boxes. It's not news that scammers are the first to respond to market frenzies.

So, on December 25, the difficult manager of Gazprom suddenly lost power. mobile connection. He called his Megafon operator, but a voice in the service desk explained to him that this number now belongs to another individual, so he refused the certificate. The Petersburger did not understand and came to the Megafon office. There they confirmed to him that he was a legal nobody. The man wrote a statement to the company's Internal Security Service. And applications in serious corporations are considered carefully, but not quickly.

Soon, and this is about a couple of weeks, it turned out that an unidentified attacker showed up on December 25 with a fake power of attorney allegedly from the subscriber’s brother and re-registered the number using it. At the same time he stated that he had lost his SIM card. That is, I received a new one.

The Megafon company explained to Fontanka that the procedure for re-registering a subscriber number is simple and primarily created for the convenience of respectable citizens:

Without the personal presence of the subscriber, re-registration in a cellular communication salon occurs upon presentation by the authorized person of a passport and a notarized power of attorney in his name. Our employees are trained to distinguish the original from the fake. Copies of documents remain in the salon. In case of a positive balance, the number is transferred to a trusted person and, if necessary, a new SIM card is issued.

Judging by the information on the Megafon website, claims against the operator are considered within up to 60 calendar days. Employees of the Beeline operator reported exactly the same information to Fontanka.

Since the Gazprom employee's account balance remained unchanged, he could only shrug. One could also look into the police, but today it is unlikely that operatives are ready to rush to unraveling an empty and absurd situation.

Recently, a happy restorer of his SIM card decided to visit a cell he had rented for a long time in the Moscow branch of Bank St. Petersburg at 171 Moskovsky Prospekt. Sitting down next to the teller and presenting his passport, as expected, he heard something similar to what he had already heard. “The cell was re-registered to another person by your own power of attorney on December 25, so access to it is prohibited for outsiders.”

The second statement was written to the Security Service of Bank St. Petersburg and in a more nervous manner. When the cell was opened, then... the reader will not be surprised to learn that it turned out to be empty. According to a statement to the police, 10 million rubles were stored there.

A hasty check revealed how a man with a passport also in the name of the victim’s brother and a power of attorney came to this branch of Bank St. Petersburg. As for the key to the locker, the stranger said that he had lost it, after which he paid a fine and received a new one.

As several St. Petersburg banks confirmed to Fontanka, “to access an individual safe, an authorized person only needs to present a notarized power of attorney from the tenant and an identity card. The principle of two keys (the bank key and the client key), which, as indicated on the institution’s website, ensures maximum security for the contents of an individual cell, does not prevent a fraudster. He, under the guise of a trusted person, declares that the key is lost, pays approximately 3,500 rubles to replace the lock and gets access to the safe and the key.

But there was a secret that united these two episodes, identical in design but different in effect. The operator of Bank St. Petersburg, in the case of a client from Gazprom, after studying the power of attorney, called mobile number client. They picked up the phone and confirmed that it was indeed the brother who had to re-register the cell.

Fontanka would recommend that cell owners and security services take a closer look at the face left from the video recording, although, most likely, the character is not without camouflage.

While the criminal case was being initiated, it turned out that on December 29, a person with a power of attorney also came to the Kuibyshev branch of the same Bank “St. Petersburg”. Only that time he claimed the right, by power of attorney, to receive 48 million from the entrepreneur’s account. That day, the employee also called the depositor, but thanks to her hearing, a positive glitch occurred.

In this case, the “relative” turned out to be a 35-year-old businessman from Kirishi, Denis Burkenya. A couple of days later he was arrested on charges of attempted fraud. True, so far he has not uttered a word about his accomplices.

Fontanka knows that in the case of the Gazprom cell and during the arrest of Denis, a forged power of attorney from the same notary of the Moscow region was used. Both when provided to the bank and when phones are disconnected in Megafon.

In a situation where a certain citizen approaches the bank with a notarized power of attorney to carry out any operations, including operations with our client’s safe deposit box, the matter is not limited to a formal call to the number mobile phone. The sequence of checking this kind of power of attorney and the person who presented it includes a whole range of measures and, believe me, is not limited to calling the notary who allegedly wrote out the presented document,” VTB24 in St. Petersburg explained to our publication.

For obvious reasons, Fontanka did not decipher what other methods of verification there are.

Also, there is no answer yet to the unpleasant question of where scammers get accurate data on accounts, specific names of clients, contract numbers, dates. It is not yet clear on what basis the cell is selected. After all, bank employees do not know about the contents.

Fontanka has a primitive but working version.

Perhaps, having access to contracts and questionnaires of cell tenants (a folder with documents is stored in each office) selects a target in a banal logical way. A bad person could react to the places of work indicated by clients. If a company symbolizes prosperity, then it’s worth the risk.

And the security services of St. Petersburg banks have a dream - to have online access to a database of issued and, accordingly, invalid passports.

“But even if our employees receive this opportunity, even in this case it does not guarantee complete security - due to the fact that today even the police receive data on so-called “broken” passports with a delay of up to two months,” commented Fontanka » in SB Bank "St. Petersburg".

And the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs predicted to the journalist that, according to the criminal investigation department, many tenants had not yet looked into their storage facilities.

Good luck to those.

Evgeniy VYSHENKOV

Last update: 10/24/2019

How it happens transferring money for an apartment (way cash settlements ) depends on the type of market in which we buy or sell an apartment.

Payments for an apartment through a letter of credit

Letter of Credit- This banking service, which is the bank’s obligation, on behalf of the client, to make a payment from the client’s account to the specified person ( recipient) upon presentation of the agreed documents.

The essence is the same as safe deposit box , but in the cell calculation cash, and here - cashless .

The bank in which the Buyer opens a letter of credit is called issuing bank .

The bank that will issue money to the Seller is called executing bank (may be the same bank as the issuer).

The provision by the Seller of documents confirming the sale of the apartment and the transfer of ownership is called - method of execution of a letter of credit .

Letter of Credit May be covered (deposited) or uncovered (guaranteed). In the first case issuing bank actually transfers money to the account executing bank , and in the second case the money is stored in the account issuing bank until the moment execution of a letter of credit .

Letter of Credit it could also be revocable or irrevocable . Here we're talking about about arbitrary possibility issuing bank recall letter of credit from executing bank .

In practice, payments through a letter of credit are most often used covered irrevocable letter of credit. It is this type of it that allows the interests of both the Seller, the Buyer, and the bank to be taken into account to the greatest extent.

♦ Sequence of actions when paying through a letter of credit ♦

At the same time, payments via letter of credit on secondary market real estate have a number of difficulties (compared to payments through a safe deposit box):

• Big number of documents for the bank when opening a letter of credit;
• More high price such a service, compared to renting a cell;
• Large time spent to prepare payments through a letter of credit;
• Small number of banks providing letter of credit services;
• This service is ordered quite rarely, so work fine few people can handle it;
• Additional bank commissions , incl. for cashing out money from the account ( for the Seller - the recipient of the money);
• Possible difficulties for the Buyer upon return of money in case of failure of the transaction . The executing bank may freeze the funds in its account and return them to the Buyer after a lengthy investigation, incl. judicial

As is the case with payments through a safe deposit box, the executing bank is not responsible for the authenticity of the documents provided by the Seller. In addition, the bank is obliged to report major transactions to the tax office, which does not make transaction participants very happy.

And the most important thing payments via letter of credit are practically impossible with "alternative transactions", of which there are a lot on the market.

Because of the above inconveniences, as well as because of the popular love for cash, letter of credit in apartment purchase and sale transactions used extremely rarely. And on primary market housing, instead of a letter of credit, they use a payment instrument very similar to it - ( more details about them - follow the link).

Calculations in a mortgage loan transaction

If the Buyer takes, then the form of payment may differ slightly from those described above, because still takes part in them creditor bank .

Depending on the creditor bank , money for the apartment can be transferred to the Seller as cash (through the cell, by general rule ), and transferred to the Seller’s account by bank transfer (here the bank personally negotiates with the Seller on the terms of the transfer).

In case of cell, the creditor bank may require additional papers from the Seller for cell access with money. For example, Extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate, receipt for money for the sold apartment, a receipt from Rosreestr on acceptance of a package of documents for registration, etc.

"SECRETS OF A REALTOR":

A detailed algorithm of actions when buying and selling an apartment is presented in interactive map Will open in a pop-up window."> STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS (will open in a pop-up window).

Cell sizes vary and depend on the type of equipment installed in the department. The width of all cells is about 25-30 cm. Depth is from 30 to 60 cm. The volume of a cell depends significantly on its height. In our bank you can rent

For example, 1000 ruble bills fit:

• In a small cell measuring 6.5*24*33 up to 3 million rubles.
• In an average cell measuring 11.0*24*33 up to 5.4 million rubles.
• In a large cell measuring 21.2*24*33 up to 9 million rubles.
• In a large cell measuring 25.6*30.5*38 up to 20 million rubles.

How often and at what time can I visit the safe deposit box? If I urgently need to get attachments from a cell, will I be able to do this?

You can visit the cell as often as you wish, during the opening hours of the depositories. You can view the list of depositories and opening hours on the bank’s website or in the Information Center.

Why does the bank take a deposit for the key?

If you have lost the key to the safe deposit box, the bank needs to order a duplicate key or change the lock along with the keys. Therefore, each such case leads to expenses for the bank. If you return the key to the bank, your deposit will be returned in full. If the key is lost or broken, the bank uses the deposit amount to cover expenses.

What needs to be done so that one more person has access to the cell?

You can issue a banking or notarized power of attorney for a relative, an employee of your company, or another person whom you trust with access to the safe deposit box. Decor bank power of attorney at a bank branch it is free of charge.

What will happen to the investments in the cell if I get sick or go on a long trip and cannot contact the bank on time to renew the lease?

According to the terms of the locker rental agreement, the client is obliged, within 30 calendar days from the end of the period established by the agreement, to empty the locker of its attachments. Otherwise, the bank has the right to unilaterally refuse to fulfill obligations, open the box and remove its contents, drawing up the appropriate act.

To prevent this from happening, you can:

• extend the contract in advance;
• issue a power of attorney for the person who will take the investment items from the cell;
• contact the bank using the chat in Internet banking, mobile application Raiffeisen-Online or call Information Center to renew the lease agreement.

• We offer individuals and legal entities to use safe deposit boxes to store important documents and valuables.
• The vaults of VTB individual bank safes are equipped with modern technical means that ensure complete inviolability of the contents of the cells.
• The bank is responsible for the serviceability of safe deposit boxes and for the safety of working with them, and also ensures the security of storage facilities.
• The “two key principle” (the bank’s key and the client’s key) ensures maximum security for the contents of an individual safe deposit box: no one other than the client or his authorized representative will be able to access the safe.
• Placing items in a safe deposit box and removing storage items from it, as well as working with them, is carried out by the client without control from the bank.
• The bank assumes full responsibility for the safety and inviolability of the safe, and also guarantees the confidentiality of client information.

To get a safe deposit box for use, contact the VTB office, which is equipped with a storage facility for individual bank safes. To conclude an agreement for the use of a cell, you will only need a Russian passport or any other identification document. After paying the fee for use, our employee will give you a set of keys and you can immediately use the safe.

The amount of the commission for providing the use of a safe deposit box depends on the period of use and the size of the safe deposit box. Payment is accepted for the entire period of use of the safe, both in cash and non-cash form. If necessary, the use agreement can be extended.

When signing the contract, you will also need to pay a deposit for a set of keys to the safe. The deposit will be returned after the expiration of the period of use of the safe and the return of the keys to the bank.

When conducting a mortgage transaction using a safe deposit box (within the framework of programs mortgage lending VTB) no deposit is required.

Access to safe deposit box

A safe deposit box can only be opened using two different keys, one of which is kept in the bank, the second – with you or your authorized representative. This means that the safe can only be opened upon the client's request.

Access to the safe deposit box is provided during the days and hours of customer service at the bank upon presentation by the client of the key and identification document.

Access by authorized persons is possible if you have a key to a safe deposit box, an identification document and a power of attorney certified by a notary or drawn up and certified by the bank, as well as additional document, which contains the details of the client’s representative (for example, a general foreign passport or driver’s license).

If the safe is used by two clients, the bank monitors compliance with the access conditions agreed between the clients.

Restrictions

It is prohibited to store flammable, toxic, radioactive, explosive, narcotic substances, other items (substances), objects of flora and fauna that are sources of adverse effects on humans in individual safe deposit boxes, environment, safe deposit box or bank equipment, as well as items whose properties exclude the possibility of their storage.

How to issue a power of attorney to use a safe?

Having received a safe deposit box for use, you can issue a power of attorney to use the safe deposit box to a third party.

A client - an individual can delegate powers to his representative on the basis of a notarized power of attorney or a power of attorney drawn up and certified by the bank.

A client who is a legal entity may delegate the powers of his representative both by a notarized power of attorney and by a power of attorney certified by the head (management body) of the legal entity.

Agreement for provision of use with two clients (use of a safe for settlement of transactions)

You can use a safe deposit box to make settlements on transactions on large sums, for example, when buying or selling real estate and any other major transactions. Payments through a safe deposit box will protect you from possible fraud in transactions and will ensure timely payment for the transaction.

For such transactions, we suggest that you conclude an agreement for the use of a cell with the participation of two clients. In a bank, there are two types of agreements for the provision of safe deposit boxes with two clients:

• Agreement for the use of IBS with special conditions access (shared access) - access to the safe deposit box is provided by two clients jointly during the entire term of the contract.
• Agreement for the provision of use of an IBS with special conditions of access - according to this agreement, the period of use of the IBS is divided into 3 periods, during which the right of access to an individual bank safe is given first to two clients jointly, and then to each of them separately.

Additional service

The bank provides clients using safes with technical devices for recounting and to determine the authenticity of banknotes.

Different cities have different tariffs. To determine tariffs for the provision of IBS for use in your city, follow the instructions:

1. Find out whether the service of providing an individual bank safe is available in your city, and what kind tariff plan applies (in the file below, opposite each city, the tariff plan in force for it is indicated).
2. Determine the tariff for using an individual bank safe, based on the size of the desired safe and the period of use.

Offices equipped with individual bank safes:

VTB sales points that provide IBS for use

To determine the tariff, select the tariff plan you need: 1, 2, 3

Tariffs for the provision of individual bank safes for use at VTB (PJSC) offices

Valid from 04/16/2018 | .pdf, 48 KB

download pdf file

Rules for providing an individual bank safe for use at VTB (PJSC)

from 01.08.2019 subject to technical possibility | .pdf, 114 KB

Agreement for the use of an individual bank safe

IBS is used by one tenant, subject to technical feasibility | .pdf, 79 KB

IBS is used by two clients to carry out settlements on transactions, subject to technical feasibility | .pdf, 112 KB

Agreement for the use of an individual bank safe deposit box with shared access

subject to technical feasibility | .pdf, 50 KB

Agreement for the use of an individual bank safe with special access conditions

IBS is used to carry out settlements on mortgage transactions, subject to technical feasibility | .pdf, 119 KB

download pdf file

There have always been and will be people who try to minimize the risk of losing their savings. They try to keep their funds nearby. But a fire could happen or someone could take possession of the money using malicious intent. Alternative method The solution to this problem is to rent a safe deposit box.

What is this cell anyway?

It is an ordinary metal box of a certain size, which is located in a special isolated and well-guarded room. There are only two pairs of keys for it, one of which is stored with you, and the other - in the bank branch. Thus, such a safe can only be opened by using both keys.

In addition, in order to get into the premises where the safe deposit box is located, you must go through the control service according to the bank’s rules. As a rule, this requires the presentation of a passport, after which an entry will be made in the log book, and Bank employee guides you to the cell. The vault is usually located in the basement or semi-basement of the bank building.

What document regulates the use of the cell?

The use of a safe deposit box is regulated by an agreement concluded with the client, which secures the right to rent it or store their valuables in it. When concluding a lease agreement, only the client himself knows about the contents, but with a storage agreement, an inventory of things is made and transferred to the bank. Accordingly, in this case the bank will know what you are storing in the safe deposit box. It should be noted here that this option has a higher cost, and it will depend on the amount of funds placed.

Conditions for using cells

Money in a safe deposit box or other valuables can be stored for up to one day. Maximum term, as a rule, has no restrictions, that is, its end will be the day when the funds are withdrawn, but it can always be extended. The use of the entire term is paid immediately. The cost will depend on the rental period and size. Accordingly, the longer the period, the cheaper the daily rent will be. The same is true with the size of the safe: the larger it is, the higher the cost.

Some of the banks are insured and require some kind of collateral (security deposit) in case the key is not returned on time or the contract is not terminated if the valuables are withdrawn early. After the safe deposit box is vacated, the full amount of the deposit is given to the client.

Storage confidentiality

To rent a deposit box, you must first make sure that the bank actually provides such a service, and only then can you draw up an agreement. It also immediately stipulates the possibility of third party access.

Sberbank's safe deposit box is a reliable personal storage facility. Confidentiality is guaranteed by the bank, this makes it possible to be sure that the information will remain secret. No employee has the right to ask questions about what the client wants to store in the safe, but if suspicions arise that the contents are illegal, the box will be opened without the owner’s consent in the presence of the police.

In another case, its opening is available only to the owner or a third party with a power of attorney, but always in the presence of a bank employee. The safe is opened with two keys - the one that the client has in his hands, and the one that is kept in the bank.

When the rental period expires and the client does not pick up the valuables, bank commission The safe is opened and the contents are sent for storage to the head bank. You can get your valuables back only after paying bank storage costs.

Benefits of using safe deposit boxes

The main advantage of renting a safe deposit box is their high level security. Accordingly, the things stored in it are maximally protected.

In addition, the advantages also include:

Different cell sizes, which makes it possible to choose the most suitable one for storage.

Any rental period.

Confidentiality of content if bank rules are followed.

Convenient use of content without outsiders. You can issue a power of attorney for persons admitted to the cells.

Low cost. Typically, the longer the rental period, the cheaper it is.

Safe storage of items stored in the safe and for the client when working with the safe.

Most banks keep items even after the lease period ends. After all costs have been reimbursed, the client can pick up his valuables.

Disadvantages of using safe deposit boxes

The funds stored in such a safe do not accumulate, as is the case with deposits.

In general cases, when concluding ordinary contract The rental bank takes responsibility that the safe will not be opened, but it is not responsible for the contents of the box. Responsibility is assigned to him only if a special agreement is concluded, an inventory of all things is drawn up and their assessment is carried out. Moreover, if it is money, then you can simply count it, but various values ​​are assessed by an independent expert. Each time the safe is opened, the inventory is compiled anew and confirmed.

Who is best to use a safe deposit box?

The possibility of renting is available to almost anyone. But mainly the cells are used to store securities, jewelry or cash. In addition to simply storing various valuables, you can also use them to make real estate transactions. The buyer rents a locker, places the required amount in it and draws up documents. After all formalities have been completed, the buyer gives the key to the seller and he receives money, which he can also place in the account or re-register the locker in his name.

As practice shows, important documents are often stored in cells. This may be ownership of housing, shares, certificates and other securities. This is done to protect yourself from losing important documentation. Except ordinary citizens, this storage method is often used legal entities How to help yourself preserve documents or archives. In addition, the Sberbank safe deposit box allows you to store a family archive. Considering that cells are different sizes, choosing the right one will not be difficult.

In general, almost everyone can store valuables in safe deposit boxes. And it doesn’t matter at all what the value of the things is, the most important thing here is their safety for the client.

Agreement for the use of safe deposit boxes

Banking services suggest that in order to use a safe deposit box for the safety of personal belongings, the client can enter into one of two possible agreements with the bank.

The first option is used in most cases. It involves concluding a lease agreement. In this situation, not a single bank employee knows what is stored inside the safe. The bank, for its part, guarantees the safety of the cell, as well as the absence of access to it by a third party.

The second option means a safe deposit box agreement with safekeeping. In this situation, not only a list of valuables is transferred to the bank, but a complete inventory of the items being deposited is also compiled.

Can I choose a storage option?

Each client is given the right to choose a storage option. If the choice falls on the first option, then complete confidentiality of the content is maintained, and there is also a saving in payment costs. By choosing the second option, the client pays a large amount and informs the bank about what will be stored in the safe deposit box, but in such a situation the right also arises to demand the safety of items according to the inventory.

Regardless of what the client chooses, to conclude an agreement, only a passport is required. If he plans to give someone else access to the cell, then in this case it is necessary to issue a notarized power of attorney. The employee gives the client the contract, the key to the safe and special card for identification so that you can visit the storage facility.

How is a safe deposit box accessed?

Bank services related to the storage of valuables are quite diverse. A client who has entered into a lease agreement with the bank can visit the storage facility at any time. However, there are no special restrictions on the number of visits. If the client requires access after business hours, then this moment should be discussed and paid separately.

In order to enter the storage facility, you must present an ID card, ID card and the key that opens the safe deposit box. The client enters the storage facility accompanied by a security guard, who turns off the alarm and helps open the cell. Next, the employee should leave the premises, and then the client will have his safe deposit box at his complete disposal. The price of the service is set by the bank, so it should be clarified in advance, even at the stage of signing the contract.

In some cases, hidden cameras are installed in the depository so that if the client acts illegally, the recording can then be viewed. But, of course, clients are not told that it exists. But even with such cameras, there are still places where its effect does not apply.

The identification card and the key to the locker should be carefully stored so that strangers cannot even examine them, as there is a possibility of making a duplicate. The key is made quite complex, despite its apparent simplicity. If the original is lost, a duplicate is not issued free of charge. Its cost is approximately five hundred rubles.

The bank has every right to open the cell in the presence of the client and witnesses if he has suspicions of possession of prohibited items or law enforcement agencies have provided a corresponding order.

When renting a safe deposit box, the client should approximately expect the following expenses:

The collateral value of the key is approximately five hundred rubles. After the contract expires and the key is returned to the bank, this amount will be issued back to the client.

Payment of the cost of rent directly. The size of this amount will entirely depend on the bank itself (different institutions have different degrees of protection for depositories and, accordingly, the cost of rent also fluctuates), as well as on the size of the leased cell (the larger the cell, the more expensive the rent will be). Basically, the average monthly rental cost ranges from four hundred (for the smallest cell) to two thousand (for the largest) rubles.

If you need to issue a power of attorney, you will also have to pay a little extra. The cost of its preparation ranges from one hundred rubles and more. It all depends on how many people will have access to the storage.

In general, using a cell is not very expensive, but it is convenient. Here you can not be afraid to store your documents, fearing fires and other disasters, as well as various valuables so that robbers do not get to them.